welcome to physics!!!
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Welcome to Physics!!!. Physics is. The most mathematical of all the sciences The study of the Universe on all levels (Particles less than 10 -16 to greater than 10 24 in the Cosmos) What Physicists Do?. Why Study Science?. To solve fundamental problems Understand our future world - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Welcome to Physics!!!
The most mathematical of all the sciences
The study of the Universe on all levels
(Particles less than 10-16 to greater than 1024 in the Cosmos)
What Physicists Do?
Physics is
Science Technology
(Ideas) Scientists (Application) Engineers
Why Study Science?
To solve fundamental problems
Understand our future world
Improve quality of life
Physics is Phun!
MechanicsThe Study of Motion and its causes :
Newton's Laws of Motion
Mechanics are understood in basic units of measurements of
length, mass, and time.
Measurements in Metrics (SI = International System of Units)
MeasurementsMKS CGS English
Length Meter (m) Centimeter (cm)
Foot (ft)
Mass Kilogram (kg) Gram (g) slug
Time Second (sec) Second (sec) Second (sec)
1900 Now
Meter = 1/10,000,000 distance
1,650,765.3 wavelengths of
orange- red light from 36 Kr
Second = 1/31,556,925.9747 of the year
1900
9,192,631,770 atomic vibration of 137 Cs
Scientific Notation
2.37 X 107 m
Unit
Power of Ten 0 < y < 10(minimum 2 places behind decimal)
EE EXPor Button on Calculator
The calculator will be your best friend in physics. Never forget it!!!!
Especially on Test day!!!
Rules for Scientific Notation Calculations
Addition and SubtractionMust have same exponents
Must have the same units
Ex.
a) 5 x 107 m + 3 x 107 m = ________
b) 6.2 x 10-3 m – 2.8 x 10-3 m = ________
Multiplication
Add exponents
Treat units as products
Ex.
a) (3 x 106 m)(2 x 103 m) = _________
b) (2 x 10-5 m)(4 x 109 m) = ________
c) (4 x 103 kg)(5 x 1011 kg) = ________
d) (4 x 103 kg)(5 x 1011 m) = ________
Division Subtract exponents
Carry units or cancel out when possible
Ex.
a) 8 x 106 m = ________ m/sec
2 x 103 sec
b) 8 x 106 kg = ________ kg/m
2 x 104 m
c) 9 x 106 m2 = ________ m
4.5 x 107 m
PowersMultiply exponents
Square or cube the number and measurements (units)
Ex.
a) (3 x 102 m)2 = ________
b) (2 x 102 m)3 = ________
Products of variables in Formulas
(Length)(Length) = Area (m2 or cm2)
(Length)(Length)(Length) or (Length)(Width)(Height) = Volume (m3 or cm3)
Length = Distance = d = Speed or Velocity
time time t Units:(km/hr or m/sec)
mass = Density (g/ml or g/cm3)
Volume
Use conversion factors like fractions!
Ex. 55mi = ? km 55mi (1.61km) =
hr hr hr ( 1 mi )
Ex. 55mi = ? m 55mi (1 hr) (1610 m) =
hr sec hr (3600 sec) (1 mi)
Ex. How many cm3 in a qt?
1Qt (.986 L)(1000 ml)(1cm3) =
(1 qt) (1L) (1ml)
Conversion Review
Examples
Ex. If a cylinder has a radius of 156 mm and a length of 8.7cm, How many m3 does it contain?
=> Any variable in an algebraic formula can be replaced by a number and its units.
This makes the quantities in formulas become real – world measurements.
=> Any variable in a formula can be isolated:
Formula Rearrangement
Ex. D = m D v = m V = m
v D