welding the hy steels

7/24/2019 Welding the Hy Steels

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W L ING

TH HY ST LS

Issued Under the Auspicesof

American Societyfor Testing andM aterials

and

The Defense Metals Information Center

Prepared by

R. W.Flax R. E.Keith and M. D.Randall

ASTM Sgecial Technical Publication 494

List price 3.50

04-494000-02

^AMERICAN SOCIETY FORTESTINGANDMATERIALS

1916 Race Street Philadelphia Pennsy lvania 19103


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B Y

AMERICAN SOCIETY FO RTESTING A N DMATERIALS1971

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:

72-157308

ISBN0-8031-0073-6

The Society is not responsible, as a body,

for

the statements and opinions

advanced

in

this publication.

Printed inAlpha, N. J.

April

1971


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T he

American Society

fo r

Testing

an d

M aterials

and the

Defense M etals Information Center share

a

dedication to the moreefficient utilization of technical information on metals and theirproperties.

A S T M

is

the leading society in the promo tion of know ledge of m aterials and the standardization of specifications

an d

methods

of

testing; D M I C , sponsored

by the U. S.

Depar tment

of

Defense

an d

operated

by

B attelle

M emorial

Institute, serves the technical community as a

major

source of information on the advanced

metals.

This report

is the

third cooperative publication

of A S T M an d D M I C . The first was the A S T M

Data

Series Publication, The E levated-Temperature Properties of Selected

Superalloys ,

D S

7-S1,

issued in

Ju ly ,

1968.

T he

Second, Co mpilation

of

Chemical Compositions

and

Rupture Strengths

of

Superalloys ,

D S 9E, was

issued

in

O ctober, 1970.


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S U M M A R Y

I N T R O D U C T I O N

G E N E R A L C O N S I D E R A T I O N S I NW E L D I N G

HY - 8 0, HY - 1 00,

A N D H Y - 1 30

S T E E L S

Welding

Processes

Used for the HY Steels

Shielded Metal-Arc Welding

Submerged- Arc Welding

G a sM etal -A rc W e l d i

N a r r o w - G a p Welding

Gas Tungs ten- Arc

W elding

Electron-Beam

Welding.

W el d men t

E valua tion

W E L D I N G O F

H Y - 8 0

A N D

H Y - 10 0 S T E E L S

Composit ion

M etallurgical

C haracterist ics

B ase-M aterial

Properties

.

Weldability

PropertiesofW e l dm e n t s .

Shielded Metal-A rcW elding

G asMe ta l-Ar c We lding

G as

Tungsten- ArcW elding

Subm erged-A rc W elding

Problems

in Welding

HY - 8 0

M icrocracking

Delayed C racking

W E L D I N G

O F H Y - 13 0 S T E E L

C omp osi t ion

M etallurgical

Characterist ics.

Base-Metal Properties

Welding

Characterist ics

Comparison of

Welding

Processes for HY -130

Shielded M etal-Arc W elding

.

G as M etal-A rc

W el d in g

G as Tungs ten- Arc Welding

O t h e r

WeldingProcesses

W el d men t

Properties

Weld Me ta l

Heat-Affected

Zone

Plane-Strain

Fracture Toughness

Corrosion

and

Stress Corrosion

Explosion-B ulge Pro perties

Hydrogen

Content

of HY - 1 30

Weld Metal

R F R N S

T BLE OF CO T TS


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W E L D I N G

T H E H Y S T E E L S

R . W .

Flax,

R . E .

Keith,

and M . D. Randall

51

S U M M A R Y

The principal

advantages

of the HY -steelsare

their goodcombination

of

strength

and

toughness over a wide temperature range and their good weldability in heavy sections with

littlepreheatand nopostweld heat treatment.

This

classofsteels

includes

Ni-Cr-Mo steels

designated HY -80 and HY -100 and a Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel tentatively designated HY -130. They

are

low-carbon

steels

that

achievetheir strength

and toughness through a

quenching

and

tempering

heat treatment.

T he

following welding

processesa nd

their proper application

to the Hy-steels are discussed:

(1) shielded metal-arc welding, (2) submerged-arc welding, (3) gas metal-arc weld ing, (4) N arrow -

G ap welding,(5) ga stungsten-arc welding,( 6) plasma arcwelding, and (7) electron beam welding.

HY-80

and

HY-100have80,000

psi and

100,000

psi

minimum yieldstrengths respectively,

and very similar chemical

compositions.

In general, these alloys are considered h ighly

w eldable,

andtheiras-welded

properties

areverygood whenproper weldingproceduresa reused. HY-130

is

a higher alloy

quenched-and-tempered

steel havingaminim um yield strength of

130,000

psi.

Development offiller materials fo r

joining HY -130

h asbeen hampered by the difficulty of obtaining

th e

combination

of

high toughness

an d

high strength required

in the

as-welded condition.

Heat-affected-zone microcracking and weld- and base-metal delayed cracking have been

problems in welding HY -80 and

HY -100.

These can, however, be controlled b y proper melting

an d

processing

of the

base materials during production

and by

exercising proper precautions

during welding. H Y -130 has shown sensitivity to w eld-metal contamina tion by carbon, sulfur,

phosphorus,

hydrogen, oxygen,

an d

nitrogen.

Research Engineer, Associate Fellow,

an d Chief,

respectively, M aterials Joining Engineering

Division, Battelle Memorial Institute, C olumbus,Ohio.

welding the hy steels

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