welfare reform and homelessness natalie branosky inclusion
TRANSCRIPT
Welfare reform and homelessness
Natalie Branosky
Inclusion
Political context
A new localism…
Flexibility, devolution, both or neither?
Impact of DWP job cuts…
Who delivers services?
Shift in focus from JSA to economically inactive
Emphasis on IB reform, but JSA on the rise
The Government’s approach
– A tougher line on benefits– Active help in training, jobsearch, and provision of
work– Making work more attractive
80% employment?
“Our long-term aim is to raise the employment rate to 80 per cent.”
“We will build on the successful Pathways to Work programme and reform Incapacity Benefit, with the main elements of the new benefit regime in place from 2008.”
Labour Party Manifesto 2005 “We are determined to go much further and will set a new aspiration
of moving towards the equivalent of 80 per cent of the working-age population in work.”
DWP Five year Strategy (Feb 2005) & the Welfare Reform Green Paper (Feb 2006)
We will need ….
2.8 million more people in work On current trend it will take 12 years Assuming the jobs are created, who do we
need to get into work, and …..
– close employment gaps– not fuel inflation.
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East East East East East East East East East DunbartonshireDunbartonshireDunbartonshireDunbartonshireDunbartonshireDunbartonshireDunbartonshireDunbartonshireDunbartonshire
Glasgow, Glasgow, Glasgow, Glasgow, Glasgow, Glasgow, Glasgow, Glasgow, Glasgow, City ofCity ofCity ofCity ofCity ofCity ofCity ofCity ofCity of
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Argy ll & ButeArgy ll & ButeArgy ll & ButeArgy ll & ButeArgy ll & ButeArgy ll & ButeArgy ll & ButeArgy ll & ButeArgy ll & Bute
South LanarkshireSouth LanarkshireSouth LanarkshireSouth LanarkshireSouth LanarkshireSouth LanarkshireSouth LanarkshireSouth LanarkshireSouth Lanarkshire
East Renf rewshireEast Renf rewshireEast Renf rewshireEast Renf rewshireEast Renf rewshireEast Renf rewshireEast Renf rewshireEast Renf rewshireEast Renf rewshire
Renf rewshireRenf rewshireRenf rewshireRenf rewshireRenf rewshireRenf rewshireRenf rewshireRenf rewshireRenf rewshireNorth North North North North North North North North
LanarkshireLanarkshireLanarkshireLanarkshireLanarkshireLanarkshireLanarkshireLanarkshireLanarkshire
North Ay rshireNorth Ay rshireNorth Ay rshireNorth Ay rshireNorth Ay rshireNorth Ay rshireNorth Ay rshireNorth Ay rshireNorth Ay rshire
West West West West West West West West West LothianLothianLothianLothianLothianLothianLothianLothianLothian
MidlothianMidlothianMidlothianMidlothianMidlothianMidlothianMidlothianMidlothianMidlothian
Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, City ofCity ofCity ofCity ofCity ofCity ofCity ofCity ofCity of
East Ay rshireEast Ay rshireEast Ay rshireEast Ay rshireEast Ay rshireEast Ay rshireEast Ay rshireEast Ay rshireEast Ay rshire
Dumf ries & GallowayDumf ries & GallowayDumf ries & GallowayDumf ries & GallowayDumf ries & GallowayDumf ries & GallowayDumf ries & GallowayDumf ries & GallowayDumf ries & Galloway
South Ay rshireSouth Ay rshireSouth Ay rshireSouth Ay rshireSouth Ay rshireSouth Ay rshireSouth Ay rshireSouth Ay rshireSouth Ay rshire
Aberdeen, City ofAberdeen, City ofAberdeen, City ofAberdeen, City ofAberdeen, City ofAberdeen, City ofAberdeen, City ofAberdeen, City ofAberdeen, City of
AberdeenshireAberdeenshireAberdeenshireAberdeenshireAberdeenshireAberdeenshireAberdeenshireAberdeenshireAberdeenshire
AngusAngusAngusAngusAngusAngusAngusAngusAngus
ClackmannanClackmannanClackmannanClackmannanClackmannanClackmannanClackmannanClackmannanClackmannan
Dundee, City ofDundee, City ofDundee, City ofDundee, City ofDundee, City ofDundee, City ofDundee, City ofDundee, City ofDundee, City of
East LothianEast LothianEast LothianEast LothianEast LothianEast LothianEast LothianEast LothianEast Lothian
FalkirkFalkirkFalkirkFalkirkFalkirkFalkirkFalkirkFalkirkFalkirk
Fif eFif eFif eFif eFif eFif eFif eFif eFif e
HighlandHighlandHighlandHighlandHighlandHighlandHighlandHighlandHighland
MorayMorayMorayMorayMorayMorayMorayMorayMoray
Perthshire & KinrossPerthshire & KinrossPerthshire & KinrossPerthshire & KinrossPerthshire & KinrossPerthshire & KinrossPerthshire & KinrossPerthshire & KinrossPerthshire & Kinross
StirlingStirlingStirlingStirlingStirlingStirlingStirlingStirlingStirling
Western IslesWestern IslesWestern IslesWestern IslesWestern IslesWestern IslesWestern IslesWestern IslesWestern Isles
The BordersThe BordersThe BordersThe BordersThe BordersThe BordersThe BordersThe BordersThe Borders
LABOUR MARKET STATISTICS TEAM 27/01/2005 © CROWN COPYRIGHT RESERVED
ANNUAL EMPLOYMENT RATES 2003/4 DEFINED BY UALADS WITHIN SCOTLAND
Orkney IslandsOrkney IslandsOrkney IslandsOrkney IslandsOrkney IslandsOrkney IslandsOrkney IslandsOrkney IslandsOrkney Islands
Shetland IslandsShetland IslandsShetland IslandsShetland IslandsShetland IslandsShetland IslandsShetland IslandsShetland IslandsShetland Islands
Percent80% and over74.2% or more but less than 80%64.4% or more but less than 74.2% (UK Average)Less than 64.4% (EU Average)
Source: Annual local area labour force survey: 2003/4, National Statistics
Closing the gapsEmployment rates of disadvantaged groups
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Em
p R
ate
(%)
Working age population over 50s Disabled
Lowest qualfied Lone parents Ethnic Minorities
Southern England male employment is over 80%
60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Northern Ireland
London
North East
Wales
North West
West Midlands
Yorkshire & the Humber
Scotland
East Midlands
East
South West
South East
Male Female All
Most able-bodied people are over 80%
30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
Northern Ireland
Wales
North East
North West
London
Scotland
West Midlands
Yorkshire and Humberside
South West
East Midlands
Eastern
South East
Disabled Not disabled
White population has higher employment
50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Wales
Scotland
Yorkshire & the Humber
West Midlands
North East
London
North West
East Midlands
East of England
South East
South West
BME groups White
All mothers are below 80%, but big gap for lone parents
40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80%
Northern Ireland
London
West Midlands
North East
Yorkshire and Humberside
North West (inc Merseyside)
Scotland
South East
Eastern
Wales
South West
East Midlands
Lone mothers Mothers in couples
Every region has over 80% for NVQ3+
50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90%
London
Northern Ireland
North East
North W est
Scotland
W ales
Yorkshire & the Humber
W est M idlands
East M idlands
South East
South W est
East of England
Low Qualifications (Under 2-0) NVQ Level 2 High Qualifications (3+)
Homeless people and work
The qualitative research base and anecdotal evidence shows:
Low employment rates-- approx 5% of hostel residents in work, but decreasing
But, a desire to work-- strong awareness of the multiple benefits of paid employment, work aspirations are there to build on (St Mungo’s research).
Employment support
A varied range: from nothing, to structured programmes of ‘meaningful activities’, to formal agreements that require residents to participate in learning and employability services.
No cross sector of evaluation.
New research for Off the Streets and Into Work (OSW) which has mapped all of the models on offer in London and the Northeast.
New Deal 18-24 returners
% of first starts 65%
% of returners35%
Sept 2001 – Sept 2003
Reaching 80% in the Cities
295
221
90
55 50 50
29 28 28 27 27 20 19 18 17 12 11 11 10 4
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
Who is poor?Composition of children in relative low income by economic
status and family type
34%
16%9%
41%
Workless lone parent
Workless couple
Working lone parent
Working couple
The welfare reform bill
Reducing by 1 million the number receiving IB Helping 300,000 lone parents into work Increasing by 1 million the number of older workers.
City Strategies – consortia of local partners with a shared interest in improving emp rates. Bids to receive start up £ and rewards (focus on areas of inactivity – cities). In Scotland: Glasgow, Edinburgh, Dundee
Other issues
Jobcentre Plus and learning services need to go ‘where no service has gone before.’
LHA pilots - rapid roll-out, but there needs to be acknowledgement that the HB taper and high hostel rents remain a barrier to employment
KEY ARGUMENT: Significant proportion of homeless people want to work – this can help the Government meet its 80% goal