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8/10/2019 Well Flo demo

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EX 1.1Example 1

Well Model Building and Calibrationin Wellflo 2010

Naturally Flowing Oil Well


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EX 1.

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Introduction

This example will help you to learn how to builda simple, one layer, naturally flowing oil wellmodel

Building well model includes the followingsteps:

1. Step 1: Data Entry

Entering the necessary reservoir and well data

2. Step 2: Model Tuning

Tuning your base model to match the observed data


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To design a well model you need to enter thesesets of data:

Reservoir data:

Reservoir layer properties Reservoir fluid properties

Well data:

Deviation data

Well completion data

Surface facilities data:

Data related to the facilities above wellhead such as riser,choke, separator...

Observed data:

Pressure-Depth profiles

Temperature-Depth profile

Measured production rate or bottom hole flowing pressure

Data Entry

Step 1


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Summary of Well

and Reservoir Data These are the summary of different sets of data that you

will use during this exercise.

1. Well data:

Casing: 1- 7 OD, 6.4 ID, 23 ppf casing to 8500 ft MD

Tubings: 1- 4.5 OD, 4 ID, 13 ppf Tubing to 3460 ft MD

2- 3.5 OD, 3 ID, 11 ppf Tubing to 5000 ft MD

4- 2.875 OD, 2.4 ID, 9 ppf Tubing to 7000 ft MD

2. Reservoir data:

Oil 38 API Water Gravity: 1.1

Gas Gravity: 0.82 GOR : 400 scf/stb

Water-cut: 17% Res. Press.: 3800 psia

Pb : 1850 psia Res. Temp.: 187 oF

PI: 3.6 stb/day/psi Bo : 1.2 rb/stb

Step 1


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Data Entry in

WellFlo 2010 The data will be entered in the WellFlo 2010 in following

steps:

1. Initialization:

General data

Well and flow type

2. Flow Correlation

3. Reference Depths

4. Fluid parameters

5. Reservoir

6. Wellbore Deviation data

Equipment

7. Surface data

Terrain data

Surface equipment

8. Temperature model

Step 1


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1- Initialization:General data

In this step enter the general data related to your project.

1. In configuration panel click on fileand select Newthen click on General Data.

2. Remember in each step after you entered the data click

on Apply.

Step 1


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1- Initialization:

Well and flow type You need to define the Well and flow type:

Vertical Producer, Black Oil, no Artificial Lift

Click on Well and Flow type

Step 1


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2- Flow correlation

This menu used to select the correlation to measure thepressure drop across completion resulted from friction .

Click on Flow Correlation:leave it by default

Step 1


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3- Reference Depths

In this section you should define your reference point fordepth measurement: In this example Rotary Kel lyBush ing (RKB) is the reference point.

Rotary Kelly Bushing

Wellhead Elevation

Mean Sea Level

Sea Bed

Step 1


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3- Reference Depths

Click on Reference Depths: Enter details as below

Step 1


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4- Fluid parameters

Data entry In this section PVT data should be entered.

1. Click on Fluid Parameters: Enter Properties as below

2. Click on Calculate Note the results of Glasos correlation: Pb = 1715 psi Bo= 1.2

Step 1


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EX 1.12

4- Fluid parameters

Data matching Lab test indicated that

Pb=1850psia, therefore thecorrelation should be tuned.

1. Click on Tune correlation to

PVT data2. Right click on Fluid Model

and select Add Black OilExperiment data.

3. Change temperature to 187oF,Pressure (below) to 3800psia,

and Saturation Pressure to1850 psi, and Match thenAccept

Now Pb matched to the labtest: Pb=1850 psia.

Step 1


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EX 1.13

5- Reservoir

Reservoir properties and the parameters of desired IPR curveshould be entered.

1. Select Reservoir then Manual : Enter the properties asbelow in General tab:

Step 1


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EX 1.14

5- Reservoir

2. Click on IPR tab to see IPR curve.

The observed surface flowrate once was 5900 STB while thewell flowing pressure at that rate 2200 psia - this is themeasured data to which we will match the model.

3. On the IPR plot press Import External Data : Enter the data,then click OK.

Step 1


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EX 1.15

6- Deviation Data

Up to now well type has been defined and reservoir rock and fluidproperties has been entered.

Wellbore data including Deviation and Equipment data should beentered in the following sections.

Click on Deviation in Wellbore section: Insert three lines, enter MD,TVD pairs - edit last row to 8500, 7500

Step 1


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7- Equipment

Well completion was described in Slide 2

Select Equipment then Tubing tab: enter data asbelow. After that select Casing: enter associated data

Step 1


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8- Dashboard

Data entry has been finished and the base model isdesigned. This section will show you a schematic of yourproduction system.

Click on Dashboard.

Step 1


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EX 1.18

Model Tuning

In this step the designed well model should betuned to match the measured data. Thisincludes 3 steps:

1. Finding the operating condition of the model whichmeans determining operating rate, operating bottom-hole flowing pressure and pressure or temperatureprofile versus depths.

2. Comparing the results of the model with the providedmeasured data.

3. Running proper sensitivity analysis to select and tunethe desired parameters for example flow correlation.

Step 2


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EX 1.19

Operating Condition

1. Select Analysis panel. Then Operating Condition.

2. Set the rate from 1000 to 10000 in 9 steps, then click Filland Apply.

3. Enter Pwh=200 psia then apply, and click Calculate.

Step 2


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EX 1.20

Matching model withMeasured Data

The well model does not show the resultsobserved in reality because its pressurecorrelation is not correct. It is corrected by

choosing the correct correlation and latertuning it trying to match the measured data:

pressure vs. depth (when choosing thecorrelation) and

operating rate&pressure (for tuning the chosencorrelation).

Step 2


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EX 1.21

Tuning the Model to Matchthe Measured Data

In Analysis tab select Wellbore Equipment Profile.

Select Edit or Export External Data. Add a row and copy-pastethe data from Example1.xls.

Note the model represent reasonable match with observed data.

Step 2


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In Analysis Operating Conditions tab check Pressure Drop andenter only one rate =5900stb to ensure that we com pare predictedpressure prof i le vs. the observed one for the same rate

The next step is running sensitivity analysis on different Flowcorrelations to select the best one.

1. In Analysistab select Sensitivities. Create Well and riser Flowcorrelation as sensitivity 1 :

(1) Duns and rus(Std); (2) Beggs and Brill (Std)

(3) Hagedorn and Brown (Std); (4) Orkizewski

2. Apply then calculate.

Step 2



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EX 1.23

3. Click on Include in Plot. Select all correlation and then selectPlot Selected.

Note that the Hagedo rn and Brown (Std) comes closest to theobserved data. Therefore put it as your Flow Correlation in

Configuration panel.

Step 2



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4. Come back to OperatingConditions. Select Flow curves.Import the operating rate andpressure.

The measured operating rate andpressure can be used to tune theFlow correlation.

In WellFlo 2010 Flow correlationcan be tuned by changing L-Factor.

L-Factor is a correction factor thatmodifies the computed pressuregradient and it has an acceptablerange between 0.9 and 1.1.

Step 2



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Matching model withMeasured Data

5. Go to Sensitivities. Create newSensivity 2for Well And riserL-factor. Then Calculate andplot the results.

6. Select the best L-Factor andenter it in Flow Correlation inconfiguration panel.

You have now the tuned wellmodel that can be used for

further analysis.

Step 2


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EX 1.26Qestions

How should the productivity index be changed to obtain a matchon the inflow curve?

What other reservoir parameter could be the cause of the slightmismatch?

What else could be at fault?


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EX 1.27Useful Tips

Copy to clipboard allows you to copy(and later to paste) the graph to theClipBoard. From here, it can be pasteddirectly into a report.

Select data in a spreadsheet below a graphand copy-paste them below the graph into

your report.


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EX 1.28Summary

A naturally flowing oil well was used todemonstrate model building and calibration

The same procedures can be applied to oil wellson artificial lift (gas-lift or ESP), gas andcondensate producers and gas or waterinjectors.

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