West Nile Virus

By Robbie Bodnar

History and Transmission• Emerged in Africa 1000 years ago• Came to the U.S. in 1999 in New York City• Found in Africa, Asia, Middle East, North

America, few cases in Europe• Most cases are during the warmer months

Carriers in the U.S.

Culex pipiens Culex tarsalis

Culex quinquefasciatus

SymptomsHorses:• Listlessness, stumbling around, weakness in

limbs, ataxia, partial paralysis, death• Fever not usually observedBirds: • Not necessarily observed until encephalitis• Might appear drowsy, unable to fly and walk

Treatments

• Control is mainly by eliminating mosquito breeding sites• INNOVATOR™, Prevenile™, Recombitek™