west slope in the east

7/25/2019 West Slope in the East

1/21

Susan I. Rotroff

West Slope in the EastIn: Cramiques hellnistiques et romaines, productions et diffusion en Mditerrane orientale (Chypre, gypte et

cte syro-palestinienne). [Actes du colloque tenu la Maison de l'Orient mditerranen Jean Pouilloux du 2 au 4

mars 2000] Lyon : Maison de l'Orient et de la Mditerrane Jean Pouilloux, 2002. pp. 97-115. (Travaux de la Maison

de l'Orient mditerranen)

Citer ce document / Cite this document :

Rotroff Susan I. West Slope in the East. In: Cramiques hellnistiques et romaines, productions et diffusion en Mditerrane

orientale (Chypre, gypte et cte syro-palestinienne). [Actes du colloque tenu la Maison de l'Orient mditerranen Jean

Pouilloux du 2 au 4 mars 2000] Lyon : Maison de l'Orient et de la Mditerrane Jean Pouilloux, 2002. pp. 97-115. (Travaux de laMaison de l'Orient mditerranen)

http://www.persee.fr/web/ouvrages/home/prescript/article/mom_1274-6525_2002_act_35_1_1128
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2/21

Rsum

On a commenc fabriquer des cramiques West Slope en Grce continentale durant le premier quart

du IIIe s., et des industries locales sont rapidement apparues dans d'autres aires du monde grec.

Le West Slope tait rare dans le monde hellnistique oriental, mais deux ateliers importants en ont

produit : l'un Pergame, l'autre, le Ivy Platter Workshop un endroit non identifi sur la cte sud de

l'Asie Mineure ou sur les ctes du Liban ou de la Syrie actuels.

Cet article tudie la distribution des productions de ces deux centres et de celle d'Athnes. Les

exportations attiques taient relativement peu nombreuses et ont t retrouves surtout en Grce

continentale et dans les Cyclades. La diffusion de la production de Pergame tait plus large, le long de

la cte ouest de l'Asie Mineure, sur les bords de la mer Noire et occasionnellement aussi loin que

Chypre, la Syrie, la Palestine et Alexandrie. Mais dans le Levant sud, les produits du groupe Ivy

Platter taient dominants.

La reprsentation relative des trois catgories dans les grands centres comme Alexandrie, Rhodes et

Dlos peut reflter des liens commerciaux entre ces cits et les centres producteurs et pourrait aussi

avoir des implications pour la datation de l'atelier pergamnien et de l'atelier Ivy Platter .

AbstractWest Slope pottery began to be made in mainland Greece during the course of the first quarter of the

3rd century, and local industries soon sprang up in other areas of the Greek world.

West Slope was rare in the Hellenistic east, but was produced by two important workshops: one at

Pergamon, the other, the Ivy Platter Workshop, at an unknown location somewhere along the south

coast of Asia Minor or the coasts of present-day Lebanon or Syria.

This paper investigates the distribution of products from these two centers and from Athens. Attic

exports were relatively few, found mostly in mainland Greece and the Cyclades. Pergamon's markets

were larger, along the west coast of Asia Minor, the shores of the Black Sea, and occasionally as far

afield as Cyprus, Syria, Palestine, and Alexandria. In the southern Levant, however, products of the Ivy

Platter group were dominant.

The relative representation of the three wares at such large centers at Alexandria, Rhodes, and Delosmay reflect commercial ties between those cities and the producers, and may also have implications for

the dating of the Pergamene and Ivy Platter workshops.


3/21

Cramiques hellnistiques et romaines

TMO

35,

Maison de l'Orient, Lyon, 2002

WEST SLOPE IN THE

EAST

Susan I. ROTROFF

:

Abstract

West

Slope pottery began to be made in

mainland

Greece during the course of the first quarter of

the 3rd century,

and

local industries

soon

sprang

up

in other areas of the

Greek world.

West Slope

was rare

in the

Hellenistic

east, but

was produced

by two

important

workshops: one

at

Pergamon,

the

other,

the

Ivy Platter

Workshop, at

an

unknown location somewhere along

the

south

coast of

Asia

Minor

or the

coasts of present-day Lebanon

or

Syria.

This

paper

investigates the distribution

of

products from these two centers and from Athens. Attic

exports

were relatively few, found mostly in

mainland

Greece

and

the Cyclades. Pergamon's markets

were larger, along the

west

coast of Asia Minor, the shores of the Black Sea,

and

occasionally

as

far

afield as Cyprus,

Syria, Palestine,

and

Alexandria.

In the

southern

Levant, however, products

of

the

Ivy Platter group were dominant.

The

relative representation of the three wares at such

large

centers at Alexandria,

Rhodes, and

Delos

may

reflect

commercial

ties between those

cities

and the

producers,

and

may

also

have

implications

for

the dating of the Pergamene

and

Ivy Platter workshops.

RSUM

On

a

commenc

fabriquer

des cramiques

West Slope

en Grce

continentale durant le premier quart

du

IIIe

s.,

et

des

industries

locales

sont

rapidement

apparues dans d'autres aires

du

monde

grec.

Le West

Slope tait rare

dans le monde hellnistique

oriental,

mais

deux

ateliers

importants

en ont

produit : l'un Per game, l'autre,

le

Ivy Platter Workshop un endroit non identifi

sur

la cte

sud de l'Asie Mineure ou sur les

ctes

du Liban ou de la Syrie

actuels.

Cet

article tudie

la

distribution des

productions

de ces deux centres

et

de celle

d'Athnes. Les

exportations attiques

taient relativement peu

nombreuses

et ont t retrouves surtout en Grce

continentale

et

dans les

Cyclades.

La diffusion de

la

production de

Pergame

tait

plus

large,

le

long de

la

cte

ouest

de

l'Asie Mineure,

sur

les

bords

de

la

mer

Noire et occasionnellement

aussi

loin que

Chypre,

la Syrie,

la Palestine et Alexandrie.

Mais

dans le

Levant

sud,

les produits

du groupe

Ivy

Platter

taient

dominants.

La reprsentation

relative

des

trois

catgories

dans

les

grands

centres comme

Alexandrie, Rhodes

et Dlos

peut

reflter

des liens commerciaux entre ces cits

et

les

centres

producteurs

et

pourrait aussi

avoir

des

implications pour la datation de l'atelier pergamenten

et

de l'atelier Ivy Platter .

West

Slope pottery (WS) has been

known to

scholars for a century,

and

some significant treatments

of individual

industries

have

appeared. So

far,

however, no general study

of the technique

and its

distribution has been attempted.

The

type remains poorly published, both quantitatively

and

qualitatively;

furthermore, the low quality

of

much

of

the pottery

and

the monotony

of ts

decoration

make it

difficult

to distinguish

between

the products

of

different

centers. Nonetheless, the sample at our disposal permits

some

preliminary conclusions.

Washington

University in

Saint

Louis,

USA.


4/21

98

S.I. ROTROFF

Production of

West

Slope

Sites where West Slope

pottery

has been found

fall

into three categories: great

production

centers,

minor centers, and consumers. Great centers are those where

many

vessels occur, with a

large

repertoire of

shapes

and motifs, and

where

there was

significant export. Outside of

Italy,

three have been investigated

Athens, Pergamon,

and

Knossos

only

one

of

them

located

east

of

the

Aegean.1 There

are

also

lesser

centers, places with

well-established

industries but a

smaller

decorative repertoire

and

little or no export.

In

the

East

these

include

Ephesos,

Rhodes, Sardis, and

Knidos, the

last two,

however, unpublished.

Close

to 200 examples of

WS have

been

published from

Ephesos.2

While Ephesian potters were prolific, they

were also

unimaginative, limiting their

decorative

repertoire

almost entirely

to

ivy

and olive

garlands

and

the spearhead

necklace.

The number

of

motifs

is similarly

limited

at Rhodes, where Vasso Patsiada has

published

about

90 pieces

of

local manufacture:3

ivy

and

olive,

with

checkerboard/rectangle

and

spearhead

necklace in small numbers. The

influence

of

Athens is present at the beginning, and

persists

to a limited

degree in

Rhodes,

but the later

products of

both

centers

were heavily influenced by Pergamene

WS.

Other

eastern

sites were largely consumers. Even when

much

WS

occurs, much

is imported, and a

local industry was minimal or lacking. Frances

Jones

published

only 36

fragments from Tarsus, including

both

local

and

imported

examples.4

From

Antioch

and

the

vicinity,

Frederick

Waag

published

only

42

pieces, at

least

13 of which

he considered imports.5 WS is described as abundant at

Ibn

Hani on the

Syrian coast,6

but little has been published.7 Dor has

produced the

largest amount

so far

published

from

Palestine (83 fragments), but all are

imported.8

Nearly

as

much has been published from Samaria,9 but the

status

of

the ware is

difficult

to gauge: Kenyon calls it comparatively rare,

while

Crowfoot claims it is

common.10

Here too there are many imports, but it is

unclear

whether

or not there was a local industry.

Much WS has been found at

Maresha,

in the south, but it

awaits

publication. The ware is decidedly

rare

elsewhere

in Palestine

and

inland Syria, despite the existence

of

many

thoroughly published

sites

with

Hellenistic

strata.

Tiny

amounts have been published from Ashdod, Dura

Europos, and Hama, and

at

Pella WS is said

to

be

rare.12

More

surprisingly,

little

has

been

published

from the rich

Hellenistic

sites

1. Athens:

H.A.

Thompson, 1934, Two Centuries of Hellenistic Pottery , H

esperia 3,

p.

438-47;

S.I.Rotroff,

1991, Attic

West Slope Vase

Painting , H

esperia

60, p. 59-102;

Rotroff

1997, p. 38-79.

Knossos: Callaghan 1978; idem 1981; idem, 1992, Archaic to Hellenistic Pottery , p. 89-136 in

L.H. Sackett et

ai, Knossos

from

Greek

City

to

Roman

Colony. Excavations

at the Unexplored

Mansion

II, BSA

Suppl.

21.

Pergamon:

Schfer

1968, p. 45-63; Behr 1988.

2.

Mitsopoulos-Leon 1991, p. 32-54;

Gassner

1997, p. 59-69.

3. Patsiada

1990.

4. Jones

1950, p.

159-63.

5.

Waag 1948, p. 12-13,

18,

fig. 3,

8.

6. Bounni et

al. 1978, p. 287.

7.

Bounni

et

al. 1976,

p.

275,

fig.

25; Bounni

et

al.

1978,

p. 287-88, fig.

34;

A.

Bounni

et

ai,

1981,

Rapport prliminaire

sur la quatrime

campagne de fouilles

(1978)

Ibn

Hani

(Syria), Syria 58,

p. 281, 286,

fig.

40, 41, 44.

8.

Rosenthal-Heginbottom 1995, p. 222-31.

9. Crowfoot et al. 1957, fig. 39, 43, 44, 45, 47;

Reisner et

al. 1924, p. 294-97, 306, fig. 173, 185,

pi.

73).

10. Crowfoot et al.

1957,

p. 225,

under no.l;

p. 244.

1

1. Dothan

and

Friedman

1967, fig.

6:

4,

7: 4; Dothan

1971, fig.

8: 17,

20,

14:

9,

24: 12; D.H. Cox,

1949,

The

Greek

and Roman

Pottery,

The Excavations at

Dura-Europos.

Final Report IV, 1,

2,

New

Haven

1949,

p.

4, 6, 13,

nos 14,

29-36,

76,

pi.

1,

2, 4;

Christensen

and

Johansen 1971, p. 24, nos 95-98,

fig. 10,

11.

12.

A.

McNicoll, R.H.

Smith,

and

B.

Hennessy, 1982,

An

Interim

Report on

the Joint

University

of

Sydney

and

the

College

of

Wooster

Excavations

at

Pella

1979-1981,

Pella

in

Jordan I,

Canberra,

p.

73,

75).


5/21

WEST SLOPE IN THE

EAST

9 9

in southwest

Asia

Minor.13 As for Alexandria, ts expected brilliant

pottery

industry has failed to

materialize.

Virtually

all the WS

published

from the

city

is imported. Painted

ceramics

are rare in

excavations there, and the

quality

of local products of this

genre mediocre.

In sum,

then,

the manufacture

of

WS was rare in the

eastern

Mediterranean.

The same

may be true

of

the

Black

Sea

region.

Among

eight

shapes

published

in a

recent

overview

of

the

Hellenistic

assemblage

of

the

Bulgarian

coast,

only two

bear painted decoration, although imported WS is well represented

there.15

Distribution of

Key

Shapes

Numerous difficulties attend the attribution

of WS to

specific centers

of

manufacture. In older

publications, those

few

scholars who

attempted to identify fabrics had little to go on. They

were

keenly

aware

of

the characteristics

of

the local wares

and

readily

recognized

items that diverged from that pattern,

but they were hard

put to

assign

an

origin

to

them.

Anything with good

black

gloss tended to be

called

Attic ;

this

identification

must

be

regarded

with

great

circumspection

t is

only rarely

correct.

To

minimize these

difficulties, I

concentrate here on a

limited group of

shapes,

distinctive

enough in profile

and

decoration to be

recognizable

even in mediocre illustrations. Each

of

them, also, is clearly associated

with

a specific tradition:

that of

Athens,

of

Pergamon, or

of

a third,

as yet

unlocated center.

Attic and

Pergamene

West Slope

The Attic West

Slope amphora (fig. 1: /),

created

around 275, is

characterized

by a low ring

foot,

a

cylindrical neck clearly

offset

from the body,

and

rope handles,

usually

with applied satyr masks at the

base.

The rim

is at first gently out-turned, later

drooping

and, finally, in the

2nd

half

of

the

2nd

century,

delicately molded, but never strongly emphasized.

A

related but

quite

distinct version

of

the

shape was

produced at Pergamon (fig. 1: 2).' It

sits on

a high, spreading

foot

with a complex profile,

and

ts lower

body

is fluted,

a

treatment never

encountered

on

the

Attic

vessel. The handles

are straps

instead

of

ropes,

with rotelles rather

than

masks at the base.

The

rim is broadly spreading, with

an

angular offset,

balancing

the

heavy

foot

below. Both

shapes

carry West

Slope

decoration

on

neck and shoulder, but Attic

amphoras of the late 3rd

century

and

later always have

a

checkerboard/rectangle

frieze

on

the shoulder, a

pattern

never so used by Pergamene potters.

Behr

dated

the

introduction of

the Pergamene

amphora in

the late

2nd

century,

solely

on the basis

of

comparison

with the Attic amphora that it presumably

imitates.

But

ceramic

forms

generally traveled

quickly

in the

Hellenistic period,

and

it

is hard

to

accept a

lag of over

a century and a half between the

establishment

of

the shape in Athens

and

ts adoption at Pergamon. John Hayes has

already

pushed the

date

back

to

the mid-2nd century on the

basis of

the

context of an

amphora

of

Pergamene

type at

Paphos.18 1 would

push

it

back

even further. Fragments of

a Pergamene-style amphora were

found

in the

top

of

the

Middle

Hellenistic

Unit

at

Tarsus, firmly dated before ca. 175,

19 another fragment has turned up

13. None from Priene,

tiny

amounts

from Kyme

(J. Bouzek ed., Anatolian Collection of Charles

University,

Kyme I, Prague 1974, p.

78-80,

pi. 8, 17), Labraunda

(Hellstrm

1965, p. 16-17), Miletos (istMitt

23I2A,

1973-1974,

p.

112-13, nos 151-54, pi. 33, 34, IstMitt 25, 1975,

p.

40, pi.

14, IstMitt

35,

1985, p. 56-57, nos 32, 45, fig. 32, 45), and Didyma (Tuchelt 1971, p. 71-72, nos 128-31, fig. 15,

pi.

10, IstMitt

30, 1980,

p. 130,

nos 38, 39, pi.

53).

14. Ballet 1998; Morel 1995.

1

5.

A. Bozkova, 1997,

A

Pontic

Pottery

Group

of

the Hellenistic

Age (A

Survey Based on Examples

from

the

Bulgarian

Black Sea

Coast) ,

Archaeologia Bulgarica 1:

2,

p. 8-17; Bouzek

1990

p. 54-56.

16.

Rotroff

1997, p. 120-24, fig. 24-33, pi. 39-45.

17. Schfer

1968,

p.

50,

pi. 17-20; Behr

1988,

p. 170-71.

18. Hayes

1991,

p.

6,

108, no. 1.

19. Jones 1950, p. 219, no.

117.


6/21

1

00 S.I. ROTROFF

on

Tinos in a context

of ca.

230-180,20

and

Cypriot derivatives

of

the shape come from Paphian

contexts

of

the 3rd and early 2nd

centuries.

These instances

demonstrate that

the shape was well established by

the

early

2nd century. Less conclusive

are

fragments

of

what

appear to

be

two

amphoras,

one with

a fluted

lower body and

hence

derivative from the

Pergamene

type, from the

bottom level of

the Middle

Hellenistic

Unit

at

Tarsus,22

dated

to

the

1

st half

of

the

3rd

century.

If

the

date

and

the

identification

of

the

fragments are correct, the Pergamene amphora was in

production before

the middle

of

the 3rd century, no

more than a generation after the invention of the

shape

in Athens.

West Slope kantharoi

provide

a

second set

of d istinctive

shapes.

The Athenian

angular

kantharos,23 a

creation of

the

early

3rd century,

has a

carinated profile

with a scraped groove at

the

point of greatest

diameter, a straight or

only

slightly outcurving rim,

and

an ivy leaf or mask thumbrest at the handle arch

(fig.

1:

3). With this may be contrasted

the

bauchige Becher of Pergamon, which

also appears in the 3rd

century (fig. 1:

4),24

with ts S-shaped profile, more strongly out-turned rim, and rotelles rather than

masks or ivy leaves at the handle arch.25

A third distinctive form emerges from the

Pergamene

repertoire, a

hemispherical

krater with heavy

lug handle and broad, projecting and

down-curved

rim, the upper

surface of

which is

decorated

(fig. 1:

5).26 The

form was also

manufactured

in

Athens,27 but only

in black gloss,

and it

was

never

exported.

Behr

places

the

Pergamene

krater

in

the

2nd

and

1st

centuries,

but

fragments

from

a

mid-3rd-

century

context

on

Chios provide

evidence

for an earlier

date.

The distribution patterns

of

published instances are

summarized

in

fig.

5 and 6. Attic kantharoi were

rarely exported; the

only example

outside

of Greece

is a

single

fragment at

Labraunda. Even

in Greece,

Attic kantharoi are

rare

and

occur

mostly at nearby sites (Corinth, Isthmia, Aigina), though the

shape

spawned derivatives in local

industries throughout

Greece.

The Attic

amphora fared better on the export

market, with examples at Corinth,

on

Delos, Euboia, Aigina, and

Tinos,

and even as

far

afield as

Carthage.

Only

occasionally

did it reach the East or the Black Sea

region.

Only isolated examples of

the

Pergamene

shapes

appear in Greece:

amphoras

at Corinth and

on

Tinos, kraters at

Athens,

on

Thasos

and

the Cycladic

islands. The

Pergamene kantharos is almost

completely

absent,

though

imitations

in Eastern Macedonia, Samothrace,

and

Knossos show

that it

was

imported

to those regions.

All

three

Pergamene shapes,

however,

are richly

represented

along

the

west

coast

of

Asia Minor

and

the

adjacent

islands;

examples

occur also on Cyprus,

at Tarsus and Antioch, and

at

several

sites in Palestine, as well as at

Alexandria. The common occurrence

of Pergamene pottery along

the

shores of

the Black Sea

has

frequently

been

noted.

A

Third

Center:

the Ivy Platter Group

The

location

of

a third center remains a mystery, although several scholars have

drawn

attention

to

ts

products.29

It

produced

a suite of

shapes linked by

distinctive

decoration. The most commonly

found

is

a heavy plate or platter (D. 21-39.5 cm.) with convex or straight outer

wall

and grooved knob rim

20 .

Etienne

and

Braun 1986,

p.

215,

Ca

8.

21 . Hayes 1991, p.

101,

no. 31; p.

104,

no.

10;

p.

113,

no.

2.

22 . Jones 1950, p. 219, no. 115, 116, fig. 125.

23 .

Rotroff

1997, p. 100-102, fig. 14-16, pi. 17-21.

24 . Schfer

1968,

p. 49-50, pi. 14-16; Behr

1988,

p. 113-25.

25 .

It

sometimes has an angular

profile (as

Behr 1988, nos

1-6),

but rotelles

confirm Pergamene

identity. The

distinction

between forms can be problematic in derivative industries,

as

at Knossos, where a local

kantharos inspired by the

curved

Pergamene form develops

into

something like the angular Attic form

(Callaghan 1981, p. 40-44, fig.

5, pi.

2).

26 .

Schfer

1968,

p. 48-49,

pi.

13, 14;

Behr 1988,

p. 155-59.

27 . Rotroff 1997, p. 137-39, fig. 42, 43, pi. 56,

57.

28 .

Anderson

1954, p.

154,

nos 252-253.

29 .

Patsiada

1990,

p.

108,

121; Hayes 1991,

p.

6-7;

Rosenthal-Heginbottom 1995,

p.

225-28.


7/21

WEST SLOPE

IN

THE EAST 1 0

1

(Hayes's

Type \,fig.

2,

4: 1).

Around

the outer part

of

the floor

runs

a large-scale laurel wreath

or,

more

commonly,

a bold ivy garland in white or

yellowish

white,

with

long,

multiple,

undulating

stems,

sometimes marked

off

from the center

of

the floor by one or

two

painted lines. Thus far the plates closely

follow

the form

and decoration (though not

the

style) of

early Hellenistic

Attic

plates,

which could

have

served as models.

But,

unlike

the

Attic

plates,

they

often

have a stamped

rosette

at the

center of

the

floor,

surrounded

by radiating palmettes

(sometimes

alternating

with

painted

petals) and rouletting.

Gloss

may be restricted to the inside

and

upper exterior.

Several

scholars

have

linked these to a series

of

plates with a

concave

profile and a

grooved,

overhanging

rim (Hayes's

Type 2, fig. 3, 4: 2): They

are larger

(D. 30-41.6 cm.) but have thinner

walls,

and swags

tied

with bows often replace the

garlands.

The ivy or laurel garland is found again

on

a

third shape, a simplified column

krater

(fig. 4: 3, 4). A

small

jug, also decorated

with

the

distinctive ivy,

completes

the

repertoire

(fig.

4: 5).

' Contexts

for

Type

1

plates at Paphos

and Dor

place the beginning

of

production at least

as

early

as

the 3rd quarter

of

the 3rd century. Fragments also turn

up

in 2nd-

century

contexts,

though they may be residual.

Plates of

Type 1 occur in

significant concentrations

at coastal sites from

Tarsus

in the north, along

the

coast of Palestine and

into

Egypt, to Alexandria in

the south,

and

on Cyprus (fig.

7). They are

also

occasionally

found

at

inland

sites

in

Palestine,

notably

at

Samaria

and

Maresha.

Only

rarely did

the

shape

penetrate

beyond

this area: one example at Tel

Halaf and a few

at

Ephesos and

Rhodes. Plates of

Type

2

are less numerous

and limited

to a

smaller geographic

radius: no further west than Cyprus,

and

chiefly

at

coastal sites from Tarsus

to

Ashdod.

The

more

limited

range

may indicate

a different

production

center

or chronological range.

Their distribution shows clearly that these

vessels

were manufactured somewhere in the East.

The

high quality

of

the

gloss and

the standard

decorative

repertoire suggest a thoroughly

Hellenized

center,

but

the combination

of

stamping

and

paint is an innovation that indicates a certain distance from the parent

tradition.

Rosenthal-Heginbottom refers them simply

to an eastern

workshop, while Hayes opts

for

the

southeast Aegean, Patsiada for the southeast Mediterranean. The

concentration

in Palestine is

remarkable,

especially

since WS is otherwise rare there. Yet even at Levantine sites where they occur in

considerable

numbers,

scholars responsible

for

their

publication

insist

they

are

not

of

local

manufacture;

the coast from

Dor to

Ashdod,

then,

must be eliminated. Jean-Paul Morel

proposed Alexandria as

a

source,

based on the fabric

and

the large

numbers of

plates

of

Type

1

that he

examined

there/6 Given

Alexandrian

taste for imported

ceramics,

numbers alone

cannot be

decisive, and

the

fabrics of

examples

that I have examined do not

conform

to the

silt

or

marl

clays

of

Egypt.

Given the pattern

of

distribution, I

would

suggest

instead

somewhere along the

south

coast of

Asia Minor

or the coasts

of

Lebanon

and Syria.

30 . E.g.

Rotroff 1997,

p. 326, no. 829,

fig. 56,

pi. 69.

31 . Waag

1948,

p. 11; Hayes

1991,

p. 7; Rosenthal-Heginbottom

1995,

p. 228.

32 .

Hayes

1991,

p. 109, no. 6.

33 .

Hayes

1991, p. 103, no. 3

(deposit

, before

ca. 200);

Guz-Zilberstein 1995, p. 335-37, fig. 6.65 : 1

(locus

4566, 300-225),

p. 328-29,

fig. 6.55: 6,

p.

333-35, fig. 6.62: 1

(loci

4353 and 4535,

2nd half

of 3rd century).

34 . Guz-Zilberstein 1995, p. 314, 331-33, fig. 6.40: 1, 6.60:

2

(Dor, loci 481, 488, 4520); Sellers

et al.

1968,

p.

75, fig.

24:

18

(Beth

Zur,

Stratum II, 175-165;

see

p.

29

for

date).

35 . Rosenthal-Heginbottom

1995,

p. 227; Hayes

1991,

p. 7; Patsiada

1990,

p.

142.

36 .

Morel

1995,

p. 372.

37. See

also,

in

this

volume,

Ballet

p.

85 sq.


8/21

1

02 S.I. ROTROFF

CONCLUSION

The

published

record indicates that WS

was

rare

in the

East and

many

places were

heavily dependent

on

imports. Attica exported sparingly, mostly to mainland Greece and the

Cyclades.

Pergamon's markets

were larger, expanding

up and down

the west coast

of

Asia Minor,

along

the

shores of

the Black Sea,

and

occasionally

as far

afield

as

Cyprus, Syria,

Palestine,

and

Alexandria.

In

the

southern

Levant, however,

products of

the Ivy Platter group

were

dominant.

All

three groups

are well

represented

at Rhodes and

Alexandria, both

major commercial centers.

There are differences, though, for at

Rhodes

Attic

products

are liberally represented

perhaps close

to

15% of

the

objects published

by

Patsiada, not

so

much

less

than

the

25%

attributed

to

Pergamon. This

may reflect the

trade

partnership that brought large numbers of Rhodian

wine

amphoras

to

Athens. At

Alexandria, however,

products of

Pergamon

and

the

Ivy

Platter group

hugely

outnumber

Attic

material.

The

situation is different again

on

Delos, where Attic WS is better represented than

Pergamene,

and

the

Ivy Platter group is absent.

The

Attic material not surprisingly

reflects

the close ties between Athens

and

her free

port, but there may

also

be

a chrono logical

conclusion to be drawn.

Most well-published

Delian

deposits date to the late 2nd

and

early 1st century,

and

it is likely that the Ivy Platter Group

does

not

continue

that

late.

Something

similar

may

be

the

case

for

Pergamene

WS.

A

substantial

collection

of

Pergamene

appliqu

ware

at Delos witnesses that the island

did

deal in

Pergamene

pottery. The absence

of

WS

may indicate that the style

had

been

largely

abandoned by the late

2nd

century

and

may

thus

be used

as another

slender

prop in the construction

of

ts chronology.

Large gaps remain

in

our

knowledge,

due to

lack

of

excavation or

of

publication

of

fine wares,

especially from sites

along the south coast of

Asia

Minor.

This report can, however,

stand as a

benchmark

of

our knowledge

of

WS in the East

at

the turn

of

the millennium.

DOCUMENTATION

PERGAMENE

AND

DERIVATIVE

Asia Minor

and Coastal Islands

Amphora

Troad: Kossatz 1985, p. 183,

no.

5,

fig.

22;

Tekkk-Bicken

1996, p. 28, A 20,

fig. 4

Sardis: Rotroff and Oliver forthcoming, nos 158-66, 169-73

Didyma:

Tuchelt

1973-1974, p. 152, nos 33-35,

pi.

52

Lesbos: C.

Williams

and

M. Toli,

1990,

Hellenistic Pottery

from

Three Periods in Mytilene

on the

Island

of

Lesbos , in '

,

22nd

Ephoreia,

Athens, p. 98-109, p.

104, pi. 61

Samos: Isler

and

Kalpaxis 1987, p. 188, nos 298, 299,

pi.

58

Rhodes: Patsiada

1990, p. 184-87, nos 145-63,

fig. 25, pi. 71-73

Derivative

Sardis: Rotroff

and

Oliver forthcoming, nos 167, 618

Rhodes: Patsiada

1990, p. 187-90,

nos

164-72,

fig. 26, 27, pi. 74,

75

Lemnos: M. Massa,

1992,

La ceramica ellenistica con decorazione a relievo

della

Bottega di

Ef

stia,

Rome, p.

206, no. 599, pi. 122

Kantharos

Troad:

Tekkk-Bicken 1996, p. 27, A 15,

fig.

4;

perhaps

G. Hbner, 1984, Besik-Tepe

1982

Hellenistische Keramik und Kleinfunde ,

AA

(Jdl 99), p. 180, fig. 6

Sardis: Rotroff and Oliver forthcoming, nos 105-109

Didyma: Tuchelt

1973-1974, p. 153,

no.

36,

fig.

7,

pi. 52

Lesbos: ArchDelt

42

' 1987 (1992),

p.

481,

pi. 289

Samos:

Isler and

Kalpaxis

1978,

p.

1

15-16,

nos

266-76,

pi.

57


9/21

WEST

SLOPE IN

THE EAST

1 0

3

Rhodes: Patsiada 1990, p. 168,

no.

84,

fig.

16,

pi. 61

Derivative

Troad: Kossatz 1985, p. 186,

no.

14,

fig.

23

Ephesos: Mitsopoulos-Leon

1991,

p. 35-36,

45-46,

18-29,

pi. 25-28

Krater

Troad: H.

Schmidt,

1902,

Heinrich Schliemanns Sammlung

trojanischer

Altertmer,

Berlin,

p.

195,

nos 3973-3976; Kossatz

1985,

p. 183,

no.

4, fig. 22, p. 192,

no.

31, fig. 25; Tekkk-Bicken

1996,

p.

27-28, A

18,

A

19,

fig. 5

Didyma:

Tuchelt

1971,

p.

71-72,

nos 129-31,

pi. 10

Lesbos: H.-G. Buchholz, 1975,

Methymna,

Mainz, p.

107,

E 89, E 90,

pi.

20,

22

Samos: R. Tlle-Kastenbein,

1974,

Das Kastro Tigani,

Samos XIV,

Bonn, p. 154-55, fig. 246 H, 249

A, B,

250

A, B

Chios:

Anderson

1954,

p. 154, nos

252, 253, pi.

11

Rhodes: Patsiada 1990, p. 174-78, nos 108-22,

fig.

20, 21,

pi.

65-67

Derivative

Ephesos: Mitsopoulos-Leon 1991, p.

39-40,

51, 104, 105,

pi. 49,

50;

Gassner

1997,

p.

60-61,

nos

162-64,

pi.

10

Rhodes: Patsiada

1990,

p. 178, nos 123, 124, pi. 67

Cilicia, Syria,

Palestine

Amphora

Tarsus:

Jones 1950, p. 219,

no.

117,

fig.

125

Antioch: Waag

1948,

p. 28, fig. 8:

13

Dor:

perhaps

Rosenthal-Heginbottom

1995, p. 230,

nos

78-80,

fig. 5.12

Samaria:

perhaps Crowfoot

et al.

1957, p. 241, nos

1 1-13, fig. 45

Derivative

Tarsus: Jones

1950,

p.

219,

nos 115, 116, 118, 119, fig. 125

Antioch: Waag

1948,

p. 28, fig. 8:

14

Dor: Guz-Zilberstein

1995,

p. 309, fig. 6.32: 6

Gezer: Macalister

191

1-1912 II, p. 223,

III,

pi.

184:

3

Kantharos

Dor: Rosenthal-Heginbottom

1995,

p.

223,

no. 9, fig. 5.8

Caesarea Maritima: D. W. Roller, 1980,

Hellenistic

Pottery from Caesarea Maritima. A

Preliminary

Study , BASOR

238, p. 36, no. 1

Krater

Tarsus:

perhaps

Jones 1950,

p.

160, pi. 125

H

Dor:

Rosenthal-Heginbottom

1995, p. 228, nos 57, 58, fig. 5.11

Samaria: Crowfoot et al.

1957, p.

233, no. 7, fig. 43,

p.

244, nos 9,

10,

fig. 47

Cyprus

Amphora

Paphos:

Hayes 1991,

p. 6, 108,

no.

1, fig. 4,

pi. 2

Merion

(?):

A. Jacquemin

and J.-J. Maffre, 1986, Nouveaux vases

grecs de

la collection

Zenon Pirides

Larnaca (Chypre) , BCH 110, p. 201-204,

no.

15,

fig. 30-33

Derivative

Paphos:

Hayes

1991,

p. 101, no. 31,

pi.

41;

p. 104, no. 10,

fig.

12; p. 113, no. 2,

fig.

3;

p.

46,

150,

no.

12, fig. 52,

pi. 6

O. Vessberg and A.

Westholm, 1956, The

Hellenistic and

Roman

Periods in Cyprus, SCE IV,

3,

Stockholm, p. 66, fig. 29:

5

Krater

Paphos: Hayes 1991,

p. 115, no. 29, fig. 4; p. 154-55, no. 66, fig. 4


10/21

1

04 S.I. ROTROFF

Africa

Amphora

Alexandria:

Adriani 1940, p. 113,

pi.

46: 2; J.-Y.

Empereur, 1997,

Alexandrie

(Egypte) ,

BCH 121,

p.

842,

fig.

14

Kantharos

Alexandria: Pagenstecher 1913,

p.

28,

nos

6,

8,

10,

fig.

34,

158

Berenike: P. M. Kenrick, 1985,

The

Fine

Pottery ,

in Excavations at

Sidi

Khrebish, Benghazi

[Berenice]

III,

1, Libya Antiqua Suppl. 5, Tripoli,

p.

80, 107, fig. 14

Krater

Alexandria: Pagenstecher

1913, p.

30, no. 24, fig. 34

Black Sea

Amphora

Histria:

Alexandrescu 1966,

p.

191, 194,

XXVI 5,

XXXVII 6,

pi.

93, 95, 96

Olbia:

G.

Loeschcke, 1891, Erwerbungsberichte der

deutschen

Universittssammlungen.

Bonn ,

AA

{Jdl

6), col. 19, no.

2;

Otchet

1900, p. 6-7,

fig.

5; Belin de Ballu 1972,

pl.

39: 3;

Parovich-

Peshikan 1974,

p. 124,

fig.

100:

1-3;

T.

L.

Samoilova, 1994,

Some

Forms

of

the

Hellenistic Relief

Pottery from

Olbia ,

Archeologia

(Kiev)

2, p. 89, 92, fig. 1: 1, 3: 1,

2

Chersonesos:

Materialy po arkheologii

Iugozopadnogo Kryma (Khersones,

Mangup), MIA 34,

Moscow

1953, p. 44,

fig. 12,

p.

60-61,

fig.

29, p. 116, fig.

7

a

Pantikapaion: Otchet 1909/10, p.

121, fig. 173;

Zeest and

Marchenko

1962, p. 56,

fig.

40: 2; Bouzek

1990,

p. 73, fig. 21: 1, 3, p. 159,

pl.

15:

1,

2

Phanagoreia: Schfer 1968, p. 50, 56,

fig.

3:

1;

Maksimova 1979, p. 112-14,

no.

1,

fig.

53,

pl.

5:

5

Tanais:

D.B.

Shelov,

1

96 1

,

Nekropol Tanaisa (Roskopki 1955-1958

G.G.),

MIA 98,

Moscow,

pl.

24: 1

S. Russia : CVA, Mainz

2

[Germany

43], pl.

36 [2093]: 5-6

Derivative

Histria:

Alexandrescu

1966, p. 191, XXVI 6,

pl.

93

Lower Dnieper: V. M.

Zubar and

A. I. Kubyshev, 1987,

The

Burial Complex

of

the

Turn of

the

Era

from

the

Lower Dnieper

Basin ,

SovArch

4,

p.

249,

fig.

1:

2

Kantharos

Mesembria: L. Ognenova, 1960, Les fouilles de Msambria ,

BCH

84, p.

229-30,

fig. 8

Tomis: M. Bucovala, 1967, Ncropole elenistice la

Tomis,

Constanta, p. 37,

no.

26 a

Histria:

Alexandrescu 1966,

p.

190, XXVI 4, pl. 93

Olbia: Knipovich 1949, p.

273,

fig. 1:

3,

4; Levi 1964, p.

248,

fig. 9: 3; Belin de

Ballu 1972,

p. 111,

pi.

42: 7;

Parovich-Peshikan

1974, p.

80, 84, fig. 77,

79: 1-3; Bouzek 1990, p.

55, fig. 14:

1, 3-6

Derivative

Olbia:

Bouzek

1990, p. 55,

fig. 14: 2

Pantikapaion:

Bouzek 1990,

p. 153,

pl.

9:

11

S. Russia: CVA Mainz

2

[Germany

43], pl.

38 [2095]:

3

Krater

Olbia:

Levi

1964, p.

247, fig. 8

Pantikapaion:

Zeest

and

Marchenko 1962, p. 56,

fig.

40: 5; Schfer 1968, p. 48,

fig.

2:

5

Mirmeki: .

Sztetyllo, 1976,

Mirmeki.

Wykopaliska Odcinka Polskiego

w r. 1957, Wykopaliska

Polsko-Radzieckie w Mirmeki III,

Warsaw,

p. 78-81,

fig.

72, perhaps

fig.

69, 73

Mainland Greece

Amphora

Corinth:

Schfer 1968, p. 50,

fig.

3:

4

Kantharos

Eion: M.

Nikolaidou-Patera,

1994,

, in '

,

Athens,

p.

1

10,

nos

23, 24,

pi.

53

,


11/21

WEST

SLOPE IN

THE EAST 105

Derivative

Serres: Poulios 1994, p. 116-17, 120,

pi.

66

,

, 69

Kavala: Poulios

1994, p.

1

19,

pi. 69

Krater

Athens:

Rotroff

1997,

p.

412,

no.

1679,

fig. 100, pi.

134

Aegean

Islands

Amphora

Tinos:

Etienne and Braun 1986, p.

215,

Ca 8,

pi. 97

Derivative

Tinos: Etienne and Braun

1986,

p. 219, D 7, pi. 100

Delos:

Bruneau

1970, p.

248, D

61,

pi.

43

Kantharos

Derivative

Samothrace: E. B. Dusenbery,

1998,

The Necropoleis. Catalogues of Objects

by

Categories,

Samothrace XI, Princeton, p. 793

Knossos:

Callaghan

1978,

p.

20,

no.

75,

pi.

6

Krater

Thasos:

L. Ghali-Kahil,

1960, La

cramique grecque

(Fouilles 1911-1956), tudes

thasiennes VII, Paris,

p. 136,

no.

43,

pi.

62

Tinos:

Etienne and Braun 1986, p. 215, Ca 6,

pi.

97, 116

Siphnos: J. K. Brock and G. M. Young, 1949, Excavations in Siphnos ,

BSA

44, p. 61, no. 1,

pi. 21

ATTIC

AND

DERIVATIVE

Asia Minor

and Coastal Islands

Amphora

Chios: Anderson 1954, p. 153-54, nos 248-51,

pi.

11

Rhodes: Patsiada

1990,

p. 182-83, nos 139-44, fig. 24,

pi.

70

Kantharos

Labraunda: Hellstrm 1965, p. 60, no. 75, pi. 8

Cilicia, Syria, Palestine

Amphora

Akko: M. Dothan,

1976,

Akko. Interim

Excavation

Report, First

Season, 1973/4 , BASOR

224,

p.

31,

fig.

32

Samaria:

Crowfoot

et al. 1957, p.

238, no.

1,

fig. 44

Pella:

A. W.

McNicoll, J. B.

Hennessy,

and R. H.

Smith,

1980,

The 1979 Season at

Pella

of

the

Decapolis ,

BASOR

240,

p. 72, fig.

12

Cyprus

Amphora

Derivative

Paphos: Hayes 1991, p. 8-9,

no.

9,

pi. 2

Africa

Amphora

Alexandria:

Pagenstecher 1913, p. 20, 186-87,

no.

1,

pi.

12

Carthage: J. Ferron and M.

Pinard,

1960-1961, Les fouilles de Byrsa

(suite) ,

CahByrsa 9, p. 142-43,

no.

395,

pi.

68


12/21

106

S.I. ROTROFF

Kantharos

Derivative

Alexandria: Adriani

1940, p.

80, fig. 38

Black

Sea

Amphora

Histria:

Alexandrescu

1966, p. 194,

XXXVII

8,

pi. 95, 96

Olbia: Knipovich

1949,

p.

279,

fig.

5: 6; Belin de

Ballu 1972,

p. 118,

pi.

39: 4; Parovich-Peshikan

1974, p. 124, fig.

100:

4,

5

Pantikapaion: Knipovich

1949,

p.

274,

278-79, fig. 2:

3,

5:

2

Derivative

Olbia: Knipovich

1949,

p. 279-80,

fig.

5: 4; perhaps CVA Kassel 2

[Germany

38],

pi.

86

[1886]: 1,

2

Taman: Maksimova 1979,

p. 114-15, no. 2, fig. 52, pi. 5: 6

S. Russia : CVA Mainz

2

[Germany 43],

pi. 36

[2093]: 6,

9

Mainland

Greece

and

Ionian Islands

Amphora

Corinth: Edwards

1975,

p.

44; C.

K. Williams

II, 1977,

Corinth 1976. Forum Southwest , Hesperia

46,

p. 68,

no.

3,

pi.

24; I. B. Romano, 1994,

A

Hellenistic Deposit from

Corinth.

Evidence for

Interim Period

Activity (146-44

B.C.) ,

Hesperia

63,

p. 71-72,

no. 26, pi. 17

Derivative

Corinth:

Edwards 1975, p. 44,

no. 187, pi.

6,

47

Lefkada:

ArchDelt

'

1992

(1997), p. 283,

pi.

83

Kantharos

Demetrias: V. Milojcic and D. Theocharis, 1976,

Demetrias

I, Beitrge zur ur- und frhgeschichtlichen

Archologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 12, Bonn, p. 105,

no.

72,

pi.

41

Isthmia:

Anderson-Slojanovic

1996,

p.

70,

no.

13,

pi.

16

Corinth:

Edwards 1975, p. 84,

n.

80

Derivative

Isthmia: Anderson-Stojanovic 1996, p. 70,

no.

12, fig.

6

Corinth: Edwards

1975, p. 83-86,

nos

458-514,

pi.

16,

53

Megara:

K. Braun,

1970, Der

Dipylon-Brunnen B].

Die

Funde ,

AM

85,

p.

167, pi.

79: 3;

ArchDelt

25 , 1970

(1972), p.

102, 120, pi. 78

,

85

Nemea:

S. G.

Miller, 1982,

Excavations at

Nemea,

1981 ,

Hesperia

51, p. 26,

pi.

1

1 a

Mycenae: W. W. Rudolph,

1978, Hellenistic Fine Ware

Pottery and Lamps

from above the House

with the Idols at Mycenae ,

BSA

73, p. 218-19, nos

30-32,

fig. 7,

pi.

29

Lokris: ArchDelt 27 B'2, 1972 (1977), p. 325,

pi. 279

Aiane: S. Drougou ed.,

1991,

Hellenistic Pottery from

Macedonia,

Thessaloniki, p. 144

Aegean Islands

Amphora

Eretria: P.

Ducrey, I. R.

Metzger,

and K.

Reber, 1993, Le quartier de la Maison aux m osaques, Eretria.

Fouilles

et

recherches VIII,

Lausanne, p. 109, no. 57, fig. 155

Delos:

Bruneau

1970, p.

251, D

74,

D

76, D 77,

D

81-D 83,

D

90,

D

91,

pi.

44; P. Zapheiropoulou

and P. Hatzidakis, 1994,

-

-

, in '

,

Athens,

p.

245,

pi. 200

Aigina:

Smetana-Scherrer

1982,

p. 74,

no.

553,

pi.

42

Tinos: Etienne and Braun

1986, p.

224, An 5, pi. 110


13/21

WEST

SLOPE IN THE EAST

]

0 7

Kantharos

Aigina: Smetana-Scherrer

1982,

p.

69,

71-73, nos 475, 476, 501, 509, 515, 529, 530, pi.

37, 39-41

Derivative

Eretria: I. R. Metzger,

1969,

Die hellenistische Keramik in

Eretria,

Eretria. Ausgrabungen und

Forschungen

II,

Bern,

p.

58,

no.

20,

pi.

17

Aigina: Smetana-Scherrer

1982,

p. 73, no. 538,

pi.

41

THE

IVY

PLATTER

GROUP

Asia Minor

and Coastal Islands

Plate Type 1

Ephesos: Mitsopoulos-Leon 1991, p. 51, 98, 99,

pi. 47

Rhodes: Patsiada

1990,

p. 142-44, nos

3-5,

fig. 1, 2,

pi.

50, 51

Krater

Rhodes: Patsiada

1990,

p. 181-82, nos 137, 138, fig. 23, pi. 70

Cilicia, Syria,

Palestine

Plate Type 1

Tarsus:

Jones 1950, p.

162, 220, no. 133, fig. 127, 127 B, 183

(form

F)

Antioch: Waag

1948,

p. 11, H7, H8,

pi.

1

Ibn

Hani:

Bounni

et al. 1976, p. 250, fig. 25:

3,

4

Tell

'Arqa:

J.-P. Thalmann,

1978, Tell 'Arqa

(Liban nord). Campagnes I-III (1972-1974) , Syria 55,

p.

58,

fig. 43:

23


1995, p. 225-27,

nos 27-49,

fig.

5.10

Tel

Keisan:

pers. obs., kindness

of

Jolanta Mtynarczyk

Pclla:

Hayes 1991,

p. 6, n.

15

Beth

Shan:

G.

M.

Fitzgerald, 1930,

The Pottery,

The Four

Canaanite Temples

of

Beth-Shan

II,

Publications

of

the Palestine Section

of

the

Museum of

the University

of

Pennsylvania II,

Philadelphia, p. 39,

pi.

50: 5

Samaria: Reisner et al.

1924, p. 295-97, .

7.

e, i,

fig.

173: 7,

pi. 73.k.7,

perhaps y.7.j,

k,

fig. 173: 1,

2

and others

under the rubric

.

7;

Crowfoot

et al.

1957,

p. 243-245, nos

1-5, fig.

47

Gezer: Macalister

191

1-191

1

II, p. 212, III,

pi. 166: 18

Beth Zur: Sellers et al.

1968, p.

75, fig.

24: 18,

pi.

37b:

14

Ashdod:

Dothan and Friedman 1967, p. 24, fig. 6: 4,

pi. 9

Tell

Zuweyid:

W.M.F.

Ptrie, 1937,

Anthedon, Sinai, London, pi.

27:

81, 32,

form

2E7

Plate Type

2

Tarsus:

Jones

1950, p.

122, nos

134-36,

fig.

127, 183 (form G)

Antioch:

Waag

1948,

p.

12,

no.

30,

fig.

3:

1-3, pi.

2

Ibn

Hani:

Bounni et al.

1978, p. 287,

fig.

34:

1

Hama: perhaps

Christensen and Johansen

1971,

p. 24, no. 97, fig.

10, 11


1995, p. 227-28, nos 53-56,

fig.

5.10,

5.11

Samaria: Crowfoot et al.

1957,

p.

244,

no. 7, fig. 47

Jerusalem: J.G. Duncan, 1925-1926, Fifth Quarterly Report

on

the

Excavation

of

the

Eastern

Hill of

Jerusalem , PEFQ, p. 21, pi.

7,

fig. 20

Ashdod: Dothan

1971, p.

45-46,

fig.

8: 20

Possibly related plates

Tarsus: Jones 1950, p. 221, nos 137-39, fig. 127, 127 C, 128 A-E (form

H)


1995, p.

227, nos

50-52,

fig. 5.10

Krater

Tarsus:

Jones

1950,

p.

221,

no. 141,

fig.

128,

184


14/21

108 S.I.

ROTROFF

Ibn

Hani: Bounni

et al.

1978,

p. 287, fig. 34:

11,

12

Dor: Rosenthal-Heginbottom 1995, p. 229, nos

65-67,

fig.

5.11

Samaria:

Reisner

et al.

1924, p.

295,

y.3.2.d, fig.

173: 17; Crowfoot et al

1957, p.

225, no.

1,

fig.

39,

p.

239,

nos 1-3,

fig.

45

Mesopotamia

Plate Type

1

Tel Halaf: B. Hrouda, 1962, Die Kleinfunde aus historischer Zeit, Tel Halaf

IV,

Berlin, p. 107,

no.

109,

pi.

81

Cyprus

Plate Type

1

Paphos: Hayes 1991, p. 103,

no.

3, fig. 3; Papuci Wtadyka 1995, p. 133, 150, nos 153,

207,

pi.

25,

32

Plate Type 2


no.

27, p. 120,

no.

1,

fig.

3,

pi.

3;

perhaps

Papuci Wladyka 1995,

p.

110, 120, nos

80,

118,

pi.

11,

19

Possibly

related plates


no. 28, fig. 2

Krater

Paphos: Hayes 1991, p.

10, nos

11-13,

fig. 3, pi. 2, 3

Soli:

A. Westholm,

1936,

The Temples

of

Soli,

Stockholm,

pi.

29

Jug

Paphos: Hayes 1991,

p. 109,

no.

6,

pi. 3

Africa

Plate Type 1

Alexandria:

E. Breccia,

1912,

La

Necropoli

di

Sciatbi,

Catalogue

gnral

des

antiquits

gyptiennes

(Muse d'Alexandrie),

Cairo,

p. 190,

no. 624, pi.

81:

280

(8

more listed); Pagenstecher 1913,

p. 29, no. 21,

fig. 34: 21;

Adriani

1940,

p. 113, pi.

46:

1; Morel

1995,

p. 372, pi.

67:

8


15/21

WEST

SLOPE IN

THE EAST 109

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Les

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The

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GASSNER

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Das

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The Typology of the

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J.W.

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The

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P. 1965, Pottery

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16/21

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G. .,

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ROTROFF S.I. 1997,

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R.W.,

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Moscow.


17/21

WEST SLOPE

IN

THE EAST

111

Fig. 1 - Attic (I, 3)

and

Pergamene

(2,

4, 5) Shapes.


18/21

12

S.I. ROTROFF

10

Fig.

2

-

Ivy

Platter

Group,

Plate

Type

1, from

Ephesos

(1, 10),

Rhodes

(2,

6),

Dor

(3,

4,

7-9),

eth

Shan

(5).


19/21

WEST SLOPE

IN

THE EAST 113

s

10

Fig. 3

-

Ivy

Platter

Group,

Plate

Type

2

and

related

shapes,

from

Dor

(1,

2),

Samaria

(3),

Paphos

(4,

5),

Antioch

(6), Tarsus (7-9), Ashdod (10).


20/21

114

S.I.

ROTROFF

0 1=

I

10

Fig.

4

- Ivy Platter

Group, from

Dor (1,

3),

Antioch (2), Paphos

(4,

5).


21/21

WEST SLOPE

IN

THE EAST

115

Pergamene

A

Derivative

A ti.

i

0

200 k

Attic

A Derivative

_,-.j..X ; -

^

#&

j

PV -r- -...

>

*-

c

;

( X

west slope in the east

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