western bird bander 1971.pdfwestern bird bander, should be carefully budgeted. each member should...

WESTERN BIRD BANDER

ANNUAL MEETING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TECHNIQUE FOR CAPTURING WHITE-THROATED SWIFTS by Charles T. CollinsPROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION .FALL BANDING IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION .EDITOR'S REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . .USING YOUR HEAD WHEN BANDING by Larry L. Hood

The Certificate of Survival emblazoned upon the front page of this issue is Vancouver's own appraisal of the40.2 inch snowfall greeting W.B.B.A. members when they arrived on 15 January. From this 90int on, things hadto get better, and they did indeed. The 71 people in attendance thank President Terry Wahl and his committeechairmen, Rudi Drent and Howard Wilson, for an excellent weekend program.

REPORT FROM THE BI RD BANDING LABORATORY

Chandler S. Robbins, Chief of the Section of Migratory Non-Game Bird Studies, presented this year's reportfrom Laurel. He discussed MTAB-15 and the "End of the Year Banding Report" form which would be sent tobanders by mid-February. The new pink report form will become a part of the bander's official file, and severalof the questions which must be answered are intriguing: Has the bander used unauthorized auxiliary markers?Does he have access to any bird-banding publications? Has he published any scientific or popular articles relatingto his banding activities during the preceeding year?

As pointed out in the MTAB, a decision has been made by the Bird Banding Laboratory to terminate thereporting of station returns, at least in their present form. Funds are not available to process this information, andreports have been accumulating at the B.B.L. since the late 1950's.

At long last, authorization has been granted to banders to salvage dead birds. Mr. Robbins emphasized thefact that these birds must be donated to an appropriate institution, and that detailed reports will have to be sub-mitted to the B.B.L.

WHITHER THE AMATEUR BANDER?

During the morning session, Mr. Robbins also moderated a thought-provoking open discussion on the futureof the non-professional bander. Some of the highlights were:

1. From the point of view of the Bird Banding Laboratory, emphasis should now be placed upon birdpopulations and what is happening to them, rather than on the individual bird. For example, studiesshould be planned in terms of the overall population of a species, banding a sufficient number, andin the age-sex ratio, that will adequately represent that population.

2. The processing of large numbers of small birds cannot be economically justified by the B.B.L. if noresults are anticipated. Random banding need not be entirely abandoned, however, if it furnishesclues as to what studies to undertake.

3. The professional and the non-professional bander can and should cooperate. The non-professionalneeds help from the professional in setting up studies and in analyzing data. On the other hand, theprofessional needs the data and techniques which the non-professional can provide.

4. Bird Observatories such as Point Reyes, Manomet, and Long Point incorporate the ideas discussed.They combine the talents of the professional and the non-professional, work with bird populationsand on specific projects, and usually obtain concrete results which are published.

5. Local discussion groups can be utilized to plan projects, solve problems, mobilize talent, and interpretB.B.L. directives. Such groups probably have a greater chance of surviving if they are informal andunburdened by organizational trimmings - - schedules, officers, by-laws, and programs.

Three publications of help to the amateur bander were distributed by Mr. Robbins at W.B.B.A.'s annualmeetings in 1970 and 1971. For those who were not able to obtain them, copies are available upon requestfrom the Migratory Non-Game Bird Studies, Migratory Bird Populations Station, Laurel, Maryland 20810:

The Second Brief Bibliography on Ageing and Sexing for Banders was issued in November 1969 to replacethe 1964 bibliography. Titles are arranged in taxonomic order by species.

Project Guide, second revision, December, 1970, points out a variety of studies that banders can and shouIdbe working on - - either individually or collectively - - and provides a bibliography which illustrates how data hasbeen analyzed from such studies. Some of the subject headings are: Age Ratio Study, Population Studies, Ageing

and Sexing, Parasite Collecting, Band Loss, Mortality, Wing Lengths, Weights. Nine pages are devoted to methodsfor statistically analyzing data.

Suggestions on Gathering and Summarizing Return Data has as its purpose the encouragement of banders to"plan their trapping and netting studies in such a way as to yield the largest amount of useable information onstation returns, and to outline some simple methods for summarizing results."

Results from banding waterbirds in Colorado and Utah. Ronald A. Ryder and Gary Robinson, ColoradoState University, Fort Collins, Colorado,

Failure of breeding in pelicans at Yellowstone National Park. Kenneth L. Diem, University of Wyoming,

Laramie, Wyoming. [See note under Briefly -_ Ed.]

Raptor banding in Saskatchewan. The prairie bluebird line. C. Stuart Houston, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.

Migration and dispersal of Ring-billed and California Gulls marked in Alberta. C. V. Weseloh, Universityof Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Migration patterns of the California Gull. Kenneth L. Diem, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming.

The UBC programme on population ecology of the Glaucous-winged Gull. John Ward and Rudi Drent,University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia.

Gull movements and numbers in the San Francisco Bay area. Howard L. Cogswell, California State College,Hayward, California.

Population ecology of the Herring Gull in New England. George Hunt, Harvard University, Cambridge,Massachusetts.

BUSINESS MEETING

The Executive Council recommended the adoption of changes to W.B.B.A.'s Constitution. These would addStudent, Sub-permittee, and Institutional membership classifications, and place the immediate Past President and theEditor on the Executive Council. (Notification and ballots appear in this issue.)

Both the Treasurer's and the Editor's reports pointed out the financial problems produced by the rapid risein printing costs over the past few years. (See Editor's report elsewhere in this issue.) There was a discussion ofmeans by which W.B.B.A.'s financial situation could be improved. It was agreed that President Terry Wahl shouldsend a letter to all members advising them of the situation and asking for their help. Expenses, especially forWestern Bird Bander, should be carefully budgeted. Each member should try to persuade a non-member to join.Ways in which to make Western Bird Bander more appealing - - such as with ageing-sexing supplements - - andtherefore more attractive to banders, should be explored.

Members voted to reaffirm their support for the proposed journal merger with the other North American birdbanding organizations (exclusive of Bird-Banding). Chandler S. Robbins remarked that the Bird Banding Laboratoryfavors a merger because all banders throughout the country would have access to information from each region. Healso stressed the fact that the B.B.L. does not, in any way, want control of the journal. The President was instruct-ed to approach the presidents of the other organizations, to sound out their opinions on the merger.

Enid Austin, Membership Chairman, announced that Mrs. Harold H. Bailey of Goshen, Virginia, had sent acheck for $200 to W.B.B.A. Mrs. Bailey's first husband, the late Eugene Law, was the founder and first Presidentof W.B.B.A.

The Nominating Committee (Ronald A. Ryder, Clait E. Braun, Howard L. Cogswell) presented a slate which re-tained the current officers. The slate was accepted.

FIELD TRIP

President Wahl's comment in the last issue of Western Bird Bander that "winter birding conditions in theNorthwest are considerably wetter and colder than in the Southwest" was a masterpiece of understatement. But,in spite of (or, perhaps, because of) the weather conditions, 92 species were seen on the Fraser River Delta, Reifel'sIsland Waterfowl Refuge, and at Point Roberts. Arctic Loon, Trumpeter Swan, European Widgeon, Barrow's Gold-eneye, Harlequin Duck, Golden and Bald Eagles, Glaucous Gull, Snowy and Long-eared Owls, Northwestern Crow,and Crested Myna were among those noted.

1) Under the direction of Program ChairmanWilson, President Wahl, and host Drent,

2) a good turn-out at the U.B.C.,3) with interesting speakers,4) and displays of art work,5) and models of traps,6) and a symposium on gulls and their markings,7) and topped off with a field trip providing

"Lifers" for all.

OTHER HIGHLIGHTS

An exhibit of bird paintings by Zelia Schultz of Seattle, Washington, and of model traps made by C. H.Channing of Clearlake, Washington, was held at the meeting hall on Saturday. Following the banquet on Saturdayevening, David Hancock of Victoria, British Columbia, presented two of his films which portrayed wildlife andwilderness along the coasts of British Columbia and southern California.

Alberta: R. Wayne Nelson, D. V. Weseloh.

Arizona: Eleanor Radke.

British Columbia: William Anderson, Robert Baker, James Biggar, Fran Calvert, Mr. & Mrs. R. Wayne Campbell, Kerry Clark,

Stanley Deveraux, Dr. Rudi Drent, AI Grass, Barry Harman, Bryan Henderson, Mr. & Mrs. W. H. Hesse,Russ Janes, Rick Jerema, John Kebbs, W. D. McLaren, W. A. Morris, J. S. Morrison, Ian Robertson, Mr. &Mrs. John Sarles, M. G. Shepard, Ed Sing, Kenneth Summers, John Ward, Brad Watts.

California: Enid Austin, Alan Craig, Dr. Howard Cogswell, Dr. Charles Collins, Alice Fries, Jack Guggolz, Dr. & Mrs.George Hunt, Mike Kemp, Dr. & Mrs. L. Richard Mewaldt, Grace Nixon, Jay Sheppard, Mr. & Mrs. J. G. Wells.

Colorado: Allegra Collister, Dr. & Mrs. Ronald Ryder.

Maryland: Chandler S. Robbins.

Northern Ireland: Peg Pollock.

Oregon: James Anderson, Jack Gray.

Philippines: Miko Luz.

Saskatchewan: Dr. & Mrs. C. Stuart Houston.

Washington: James Duemmel, Ian McGregor, Dennis Paulson, Meribeth Riffey, Zelia Schultz, Carole Sheridan, Edward Stiles,Mr. & Mrs. Terry Wahl, Dr. & Mrs. Howard Wilson, Nora Wood, Francis Woods, Jr.

Wyoming: Dr. Kenneth L. Diem.

Rufous Hummingbird. No. X2212. Banded as an immature by Don Bleitz at Ferndell in Griffith Park, Los An-geles County, California, on 21 July 1968. Recovered at Shady Cove, Oregon on 30 April 1970. The birdhit a window of a home while fighting with another male (reported by Otis Swisher).

Evening Grosbeak. No. 72-178373. Banded as an AHY male by Barbara McKnight at Cedar Crest, New Mexico,on 30 April 1969. Found dead at Lake Almanor, California, on 18 January 1970.

The White-throated Swift, Aeronautes saxatalis, is a widespread and easily identified species in many parts ofwestern North America. It is therefore somewhat surprising that relatively little is known about its breeding biology.This is unquestionably due to its hahit of nesting and roosting in nearly inaccessible crevices high on rocky cliffs orsteep canyon walls. These sites have been visited by few biologists and then only after extensive efforts often involv-ing sophisticated rock climbing techniques (Hanna, 1907, 1917; Bradbury, 1918). My own experience indicates thateven when the roosting or nesting crevice has been reached often little reward can be gained due to the narrowness ofthe opening through which these swifts dart at top speed; often it is a matter of only 2-3 inches in width! The recenttendency ot these swifts to adopt man-made structures, particularly the openings under Spanish tile roofs (Pitelka,1944; Yocom, 1966; DeSante and Perrone, 1968) bodes well for the possibility of establishing more accessible studycvlonies in the future. At present we must deal with them in the wild and it is therefore not surprising that little isknown about them and that very few have been banded; the records show a grand total of 25 to have been bandedthrough 1962 (Van Vel zen, 1965) and with no returns or recoveries.

During 1968 I began a program of study of this species in Southern California, principally at a colony on thePalos Verdes peninsula, in Los Angeles County. This colony was found in an abandoned quarry where it was utilizingseveral natural fissures for either nesting or roosting throughout the year. A single flock estimated at times at 125-150individuals was roosting in a single fissure about 25 feet above an accessible ledge well up on the side of the quarrywall. This situation held great promise for a banding study which would also enable me to obtain information onseasonal weight variations and the sequence of molts and plumages. The extremely crumbly nature of this cliff faceprecluded the use of any climbing techniques. Raising a mist net up in front of this fissure so as to catch birds asthey emerged from the roost seemed a particularly practical solution. To accomplish this the following device wasconstructed: a large "U"-shaped frame, 3 feet high and 4 feet wide, made of %-inch diameter iron rod and havingattached (welded) at the center of the base a 6-inch "handle" of 5/8-inch diameter metal pipe (Figure 1.). This de-vice served as a holder or frame for a miniature mist net, with the uprights serving as the "net poles". The net wasconstructed from the remains of an old standard mist net (1Y2-inchmesh) cut up for this purpose. The net had fourshelves and portions of the original shelf strings were reused for the new net. The handle of the frame could be in-serted into the terminal end of a series of interlocking net poles constructed of 4-foot lengths of aluminum tubing('Y4-inchoutside diameter, 5/8-inch inside diameter) and raised up by adding sections as needed until the frame and

"-

'/" '/

;(\ Y

'\ "- \;/ \

\ /<

~'

SPECIES HOW MARKED COLOR- - - - - - - - -Red-footed Booby back tags with orange,green, blue,

numerals pinkDark-rumped Petrel dye yellow (picric acid)

Great Blue Heron leg band and/or red, yellow, green,tape blue, white, black

dye yellow, green, blue, violetCanada Goose neckband red, yellow

Canada Goose paint yellow

Golden Eagle

Golden Eagle

red, orange, yellow,green, blue

white, blackdye on wing andtail

leg bandAshy Petrel, Brandt's andPelagic Cormorants,Common Murre, PigeonGUillemot, Cassin's Auklet

leg band abovetibio-tarsaljoint

patagial tag

orange, yellow, green,blue (Idaho, Montana,Utah, Wyoming)

green, blueGlaucous-winged, Western,Herring, California,

_ ~in~biJ..led_Gl!!ls_

Black-legged Kittiwake dye and/orleg streamer

red, orange, yellow,green, blue, white

red, yellow, green,blue, white, violet

redRed-winged Blackbird(bicolcr subspecies)

red, orange, yellow,_ ['"ee!" ':!..'ue-,-w!::ite_

red, yellow, green,blue, white, violet

red, orange, yellow,_ ~u~ w.!:!it~ __

Oceanic Institute, Makapuu Poi nt,Waimanalo, Hawaii 96795

Haleakala N.P., P.O. Box 456,Kuhului, Maui, Hawaii 96732

Michael Brandman, 11609 Ohio Avenue,Los Angeles, California 90025

Monte Vista NWRP.O. Box 511, Monte Vista, Colorado 81144

Richard M. Hopper, Colorado Div. Game, Fish& Parks, Game Research Center,

_ ~O,-B~ 5~7.yo.':t ~1I~s,~o~ra.s!o §0511_

Idaho Coop. WRU, University of Idaho,Moscow, Idaho 83843

David H. Ellis, 539 W. Front Street,Missoula, Montana 59801

Point Reyes Bird ObservatoryPalomarin Ranch, Mesa Rd.,Bolinas, California 94924

Idaho Coop. WRUAddress above

Dr. Howard L. Cogswell,California State College, Hayward, Calif. 94542

Div. of Wildlife Research, James C. Bartonek,Bur. Sport Fisheries & Wilcjlife,Fairbanks, Alaska 99701

J. David Ligon, Dept. of Biology,University of N.M., Albuquerque, N.M. 87106

J. David LigonAddress above

W. C. Royall, Jr., Unit of Ecology, Section of Birds,Denver WRC, Bldg. 16, Federal Center,Denver, Colorado 80225

Amadeo M. Rea, Dept. Biological Science,_ !:!ni~er~ty ~f 6ri~n~ T~csQ.n,i\ri~onil 8~72J _

J. David LigonAdd ress above

Dr. Robert D. Ohmart, Dept. of Zoology,_ 6ri~n<lSt~te ~n~er~ty-,- T~m~, ~riz~n~_8518~

SUMMARY OF KNOWN GULL COLOR-BANDING, TAGGING, AND/OR DYEING PROJECTSWHICH MAY BE RESPONSIBLE FOR SUCH BIRDS SEEN IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA.

Green or blue wing tags - some withblue, orange, green, or red strip atbottom; number-letter symbols.Prior to August, 1970 - red, blue,orange, or green back tags.- - - - - - - - - -

Glaucous-wingedWesternHerringCaliforniaRing-billed

Orange wing tag with one number plusa symbol.

Red wing tags - some with blue stripat bottom; number-letter symbols.Also color banding.

Red, green, or orange dye plus up to4 colored leg jesses (2 per leg) ofblack, blue, green, orange, and/or yellow,various combinations.

CaliforniaFranklin'sRing-billed

Dr. Howard L. CogswellDepartment of Biological SciencesCalifornia State CollegeHayward, California 94542

Dr. Kenneth L. DiemDepartment of Zoology & PhysiologyUniversity of WyomingBox 3166, University StationLaramie, Wyoming 82070- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Dr. R. Drent (and assistants)Department of ZoologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver 8, Canada

Mr. D. Vaughn WeselohDepartment of BiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary 44, Alberta, Canada

FALL MIGRATION STUDIES IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION(FORMERLY OPERATION RECOVERY)

LONGMONT, COLORADO (Allegra Collister): Banding at Lykin's Gulch continues to be sufficiently rewarding towarrant intensive effort during fall migration. Results at this site over a period of 12 years have on thewhole been gratifying.

During previous years, waves of migrants have been noted many times following regular passageof weatherfronts. Perceptible waves were almost completely lacking in the fall of 1970. On only 4 days were totalsof 50 or more birds captured, and birds-per-net-hour indicated one of the poorest seasons on record at thislocation. During 58 days, from 28 August through 29 October, nets were open for 885 net-hours, and 961birds were banded, or slightly better than one bird-per-net-hour.

The most abundant species were White-crowned Sparrow, Robin, and Wilson's Warbler. Rarities have beenbanded each year, and 1970 was no exception. (Status as given here follows "Status and Migration Data ofBirds of the Denver Area" by Harold Holt.) Ash-throated Flycatcher, 9 September, very rare migrant; Black-throated Blue Warbler, 28 September, very rare migrant; Black-throated Green Warbler, 6 October, accidental;Chestnut-sided Warbler, 28 September, very rare migrant; Northern Waterthrush (2), 28 August, and (1) 5September, rare migrant; White-throated Sparrow, 30 September, rare winter visitor.

Significant returns include Black-capped Chickadee, No. 116-14033, banded 31 August 1967, retu rned 29October 1970; Orange-crowned Warbler, No. 114-77835, banded 4 October 1967, returned 9 October 1970;Yellow-breasted Chat, No. 107-000007, banded 3 September 1967, returned 15 September 1970; SongSparrow, No. 56-13317, banded 3 October 1967, returned 3 October 1970.

AURORA, COLORADO (Mildred O. Snyder): During 20 days, from 5 September through 16 October, 4 nets wereoperated for 483 net-hours; and 84 birds were banded for an average of .17 birds-per-net-hour.

This was the first fall banding in our back yard. In 1960 this was the first house built on "prairie land"and all trees and shrubs are planted. We are no longer on the edge of town but almost in the center of theresidential area. We have no tall trees, the highest being Hopa Crabapples, 15 feet tall, but neighbors onboth sides have maples and Russian Olives.

Since I could be here to tend nets all day, I did leave them up; therefore, the birds-per-net-hour was verylow. Some days I caught only one or two birds. The best days were 5 September with 10 birds (Wilson'sWarblers, Western Tanagers, and Chipping Sparrows); and 27 September with 9 birds (all Chipping Sparrows).On 21 September, I banded a Black-throated Gray Warbler. There are only a few fall records of this speciesfor Colorado, so this has to be my "rarity" for this year. I had five species of warblers and seven WesternTanagers, which seemed a good number in comparison with what I actually saw going through the yard.

FRANKTOWN, COLORADO (Mildred O. Snyder): In 5 days, from 10 September through 17 October, 6 nets wereoperated for 188 net-hours; and 152 birds were banded for an average of .81 birds-per-net-hour.

This was the fifth year of banding at this location. Again, snows came to hinder my getting into the area,but not the four consecutive weekends of it as in 1969. But the cold and snow during the middle part ofthe period seemed to have driven many birds out of the area; then it got very warm and other birds did notseem to come and take their place.

I did not band one Pine Siskin this year, although they seemed in normal numbers elsewhere. Red Crossbillswere also missing, but they are erratic. I added two new species for the five years of fall banding here:Western Wood Pewee and Brewer's Sparrow. My best day was 6 October with 1.04 birds-per-net-hour; therewere 9 Audubon's Warblers (the most I have banded in one day here), 6 Mountain Chickadees, and 13 OregonJuncos.

CEDAR CREST, NEW MEXICO (Barbara McKnight): Fall banding here was poor indeed. Never at any time did Iencounter the large numbers of birds I've come to expect at some point in the southward migration. Days

went by without my expending any effort because there was nothing to justify it. Nets put up in the usualgood spots went empty. It is possible that the Sandia Mountains were wet enough in enough places to pre-clude large collections here at Cedar Crest. At least one species - - Audubon's Warbler - - was late in showingup at this elevation. This species does breed in the Sandia Mountains, at about 8-9,000 feet and spends timeat Cedar Crest in the fall. I did not have the usual numbers, and they were a week or more late in arriving.

DISTRIBUTION: Approximately 270 copies of the January, July, and October issues were mailed. This numberincluded six exchanges, five complimentary copies, and ten copies for the Membership Chairman.

The April, or Annual Report, issue was mailed to approximately 350 people. The extra copies were sentto non-members who replied to the Annual Report questionnaire. These non-members were chiefly nationalwildlife refuge personnel.

Annual ReportMajor Articles

Annual MeetingReturns and Recoveries

Color-marking AuthorizationsBook Reviews

Point Reyes Bird ObservatoryTechniques

14 pages9

222/3 "

Additionally, there were numerous miscellaneous reports, such as color-banding projects, Operation Transect,etc. No reprints or paid advertising were included in the 1970 volume.

COST: The 1970 volume was the largest we have published since assuming responsibility in 1966. The total costwas $1120 for printing and $65.70 for postage.

1967 $12.00 per page1968 13.50 "1969 16.00 "1970 17.50 "

The cost per page varies with the content; for example, the Annual Report issue, which contains numerouscharts, cost $18.80 per p<..gein 1970.

VALUE/USEFULNESS OF WESTERN BIRD BANDER: Reviews or mention of our articles have appeared in TheAuk, Australian Bird Bander, and The Ring.

A reprint of Donald Mott's article on ageing House Finches will appear in another banding publicationduring 1971. (There is, incidentally, a standing agreement among the editors of E.B.B.A., !.B.B.A., andW.B.B.A. that any articles may be reprinted so long as a credit line is used.)

The Editor of the "Handbook of North American Birds" requested copies of our reports on Russian/Americanwaterfowl recoveries.

Our attention has been called to a number of specific instances in which the Annual Report has been ofvalue.

WE WOULD WELCOME ARTICLES FOR THE 1971 WESTERN BIRD BANDER. THOSE DEALING WITH

TECHNIQUES OR WITH AGEING AND SEXING CRITERIA ARE ESPECIALLY NEEDED.

Most of us have been admonished at one time or another to "use our heads" when trying to solve a problemor get a job done. This is also good advice when banding, particularly if you are attempting to band a speciesthat is difficult to capture. However, I doubt that many banders have "used their heads" more effectively thanMr. G. G. Merrick, Jr., Route 3, Box 460, Bend, Oregon 97701.

I recently wrote Mr. Merrick concerning the age and sex data he had submitted for two birds - - a CaliforniaGull (Lams mli/imlir-us) and a Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus). Mr. Merrick's explanation of how hehad determined the age and sex of these two birds was acceptable, but his capture technique was so exceptionalI felt it should be shared with other banders.

Mr. Merrick wrote that the California Gull was "caught while stunned after striking me on the head withenough force to knock me down and give me a nasty scalp wound". This bird was captured in a nesting colonyand was defending its young when it "encountered" Mr. Merrick.

The capture of the blackbird was described as follows - - "at a small tule lined pond this Red-wing had beenobserved in 1969 as well as 1970. When [I was] wading his corner of the pond, the Red-wing continually attack-ed, landing on my head and pecking on it. I have worked around thousands of blackbirds and never had one actlike this before. Every visit during 1969 and 1970 to his end of the pond had the same result. Reaching up andgrabbing at it for two years, I finally caught it in my hand and banded it on June 27, 1970."

Dr. James H. Armitage, Director Elementary School Ed., O.S.U., Corvallis, Oregon 97331Howard Bailey, 2125 Eaton Avenue, San Carlos, California 94070Marjorie J. Churchill, 7138 Sandy Mountain Rd., Clearwater Hills, Scottsdale, Arizona 85252William Clark, 1642 North Andros Place, Tucson, Arizona 85705Reed W. Ferris, 941 South 13th East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84105Rudolph Fischer, 2846 Peyton Road, LaVerne, California 91750R. E. Gehlert, 12155 - 96th, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaGeorge L. Hunt, Jr., P. & E. Biology, U.C.I., Irvine, California 92664Merlin L. Killpack, 1726 24th Street, Ogden, Utah 84401Tony Norwood, 1077 Fassler Avenue, Pacifica, California 94044Helen M. Pratt, 337 Jean Street, Mill Valley, California 94941Maribeth Riffey, P.O. Box 99, Bellingham, Washington 98225Valen Tanner, 22211 Prospect Street, Hayward, California 94541Wayne C. Weber, 239 East 22nd Street, North Vancouver, B.C., CanadaBradford K. Williams, 4865 Hidalgo Avenue, San Diego, California 92117

Alice E. Fries, 28890 Lilac Road, Space 128, Valley Center, California 92082Mildred O. Snyder, 161 Del Mar Circle, Aurora, Colorado 80010

The Cooper Ornithological Society will hold its annual meeting at San Diego State College, San Diego,California, on 6-9 April 1971. A luncheon get-together for W.B.B.A. members is being scheduled as a part ofthe program for either Wednesday or Thursday noon.

Kenneth L. Diem has informed us that he has a limited supply of his pamphlet, "Banding Studies of WaterBirds on the Molly Islands, Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming." A copy can be obtained from Dr. Diem by writing tohim at the Department of Zoology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82070. His paper given at theAnnual Meeting, "Failure of breeding in pelicans at Yellowstone National Park", was a sequel to this study.

We note with regret the resignations of Lillian K. Henningsen and Henry Childs, who are no longer banding.Mrs. Henningsen is a past president of W.B.B.A. Mr. Childs was a charter member of N.E.B.B.A. when it wasNew England Bird Banding Association, and has been active in banding since the early 1920's.

Your attention is called to two items in the July 1970 issue of Bird-Banding. The first, a note by Max C.Thompson, Department of Biology, Southwestern College, Winfield, Kansas, is entitled, "Band wear on RuddyTurnstones". On this species and on other shorebirds, it was found that aluminum bands were in most instancesillegible after one year. Mr. Thompson concludes: "I disagree with Jehl's statement [Bird-Banding 40:47, 1969]that persons studying the Stilt Sandpiper or any other shorebird should use anodized bands. Anodizing wears offrapidly and the bands would then corrode. The above evidence and that provided by Jehl shows that the use ofstandard aluminum bands on shorebirds is pointless and should be discontinued in favor of Incoloy or some otheralloy equally as good."

"Additional notes on the flycatchers of eastern North America" by Allen R. Phillips and Wesley E. Lanyonincludes treatment of five western species of fmpidonax and adds Wied's Crested Flycatcher to the keys given in"Identification of the flycatchers of eastern North America, with special emphasis on the genus ffllpidollax"(Phillips, Howe, and Lanyon, Bird-Banding 37: 53-171, 1966).

In cooperation with Point Reyes Bird Observatory, University Extension of the University of California atBerkeley will present Birds Along the Pacific Continental Edge as part of its Natural Environment Studies program.Classeswill be held 26 to 28 February at the University of California Extension Center, 55 Laguna Street,San Francisco, followed by field observations at Limantour Estuary and Bolinas Bay.

Among the topics are: Birds of coastal estuaries - John Smail, Acting Director-Biologist, Point Reyes BirdObservatory, and San Francisco gulls and garbage dumps - Howard Cogswell, Professor of Biological Sciences,California State College at Hayward.

If you have not already done so, PLEASE return your Annual Report form immediately. All records fromthe Western Region are important in analyzing the year's banding; but the work of compiling the final report willbegin in early March, and forms received after that time cannot be included.

"Check-list of the Birds of New Mexico" by J. P. Hubbard has recently been published by the New MexicoOrnithological Society. Described as "an authoritative up-to-date statement of the avifauna of New Mexico", this108-page booklet is available for $2.50 as Publication No.3 of the New Mexico Ornithological Society, P.O. Box277, Cedar Crest, New Mexico 87008.

l££9Seuoz!J'I:f'>jaaJ:Jal\e:J

91717x08 '0 "d

U30NVO OUIO NU3~S3~

The Western Bird Bander is published four times a year by the Western Bird-Banding Association.Applications for membership should be sent to the Business Manager. Membership classifications are:Active Member, $4.50 per year; Associate Member, $4.50 per year; Sustaining Member, $9.00 per year;Life Member, $100.00.

President Terence R. Wahl, 3041 Eldridge, Bellingham, Washington 98225

First Vice President Mrs. Allegra Collister, 706 Hover Road, Longmont, Colorado 80501

Second Vice President Dr. Charles T. Collins, Department of Biology, California State College,

Long Beach, California 90801

Secretary............................................... Mrs. Shirley Wells, 30443 La Vista Verde Drive, San Pedro, California 90732

Business Manager Ellis R. Jones, P.O. Box 217, Cave Creek, Arizona 85331

Editor Mrs. Eleanor L. Radke, P.O. Box 446, Cave Creek, Arizona 85331

WESTERN BIRD BANDER

FROM THE PRESIDENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15NETTING SUCCESS IN RELATION TO TIME OF DAY AND SUNNY VS. OVERCAST

SKIES by Bob Stewart . . . . . . . . 16ANNUAL REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18SUMMARY REPORT OF INDIVIDUAL BANDERS . . . . . . . . . . .. 26COMMENTARY ON THE ANNUAL REPORT by Daniel M. and Barbara C. McKnight 29MANOMET BIRD OBSERVATORY 30MEXICAN BANDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 32

At the risk of a charge of extravagance, I'd like to use a small amount of our precious journal space to thankW.B.B .A. members for your help and support this year. In response to our requests for financial help, many extracontributions, many new Sustaining Memberships, and several Life Memberships have come in. We feel this indi-cates the value that members place on the Western Bird Bander.

We'll continue to try to improve your journal and justify the obvious concern you have shown for the W.B.B.A.We're also continuing our efforts toward helping to merge the North American banding publications and then tobring the banders the most comprehensive information possible.

"0Q)

<.CC1l

Ol

Table 2. Per cent of birds captured before 13: 00during fall migration.

1968 1969

Western Flycatcher 78.0 76.0

Hermit Thrush 88.0 87.4

Swainson's Thrush 90.0 92.7

Golden-crowned Kinglet 62.5 -t

Ruby-crowned Kinglet 79.0 78.0 ~mWarbling Vireo 81.5 82.0 (/)

--lm

Orange-crowned Warbler 84.0 79.0 :0Z

Townsend's Warbler 74.0 73.4 ~:0

Wilson's Warbler 85.0 88.0 0OJ

White-crowned Sparrow * 67.0 60.0 »zGolden-crowned Sparrow 74.0 73.0

0m:0

Fox Sparrow 79.0 80.0

Total 78.6 77.0

t Only six birds captured

Table 1. Number of birds captured during 36 days in fall 1969when nets were run from 06:00 to 20:00 hours.

No. before No. after % before13:00 13:00 13:00

Hermit Thrush 17 0 100

Swainson's Thrush 32 0 100

Ruby-crowned Kinglet 9 2 82

Warbling Vireo 46 8 85

Orange-crowned Warbler 7 3 70

Townsend's Warbler 21 95

Wilson's Warbler 43 9 83

White-crowned Sparrow* 33 4 43

Golden-crowned Sparrow 20 6 77

Fox Sparrow 18 95

Total 216 34 86.4

* (pugetensis)

Figure 1. Birds captured per hour of nets run.

Hour 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11 :00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00»Overcast 2.7 4.0 7.3 3.8 4.0 4.7 3.0 2.1 2.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 1.3 2.0 "0:l.

Sunny 13.4 7.8 6.6 4.0 9.6 5.0 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.0 6.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 4.0 .~co-..J~

At Point Reyes Bird Observatory where nets have traditionally been run during all daylight hours, muchdiscussion of the efficiency of such an effort has been made. Ten of the most abundantly captured migrantspecies were counted on 36 days during the fall of 1969 when nets were run from dawn to dusk (Table 1).This small sample was run to compare with all days during the fall migrations of 1968 and 1969 (15 Augustto 15 November) because there were some days during these years when nets were not up until one or twohours after dawn and other days when they were closed before dusk. The per cent of birds for each speciescaptured before 13:00 in the small sample did not differ significantly from the entire 1968-1969 period (Table 2).Thus, confidence was established for using all days during the fall migration periods during 1968-1969.

A striking fact was the similarity for each species in per cent captured before 13:00 during both years(Table 2). However, there were differences among species. For example, only 8.2% of Swainson's Thrushesand 12.4% of Hermit Thrushes were caught in the afternoon, but 38.6% of White-crowned Sparrows (pugetensis)were caught at that time. Of a total of 1,981 captures during the two seasons, 1,535 (77.5%) were taken be-fore 13:00.

Analysis of data from 14 to 30 June 1969 reveals a difference in morning peaks on sunny versus over-cast days (Figure 1). On nine overcast days (high fog and no wind), the morning peak was from 08:00 to08:59. On seven sunny days (with no wind), the highest capture rate was during the hour immediately afterdawn (06:00 to 06:59). There is evidence that birds have a circadian periodicity in relation to locomotoractivity. Could light intensity delay this circadian activity and account for the later peak capture on overcastdays? Or is the difference between peaks related to the abundant evidence that air temperature and feedingintensity of birds are inversely related? As expected, the hourly temperatures at PRBO are lower on sunnydays than on overcast days (Table 3). Could the lower temperature during the night before sunny days be astimulus for increased feeding activity and thus result in the peak capture in mist nets at that time? Onefactor which cannot be ruled out on overcast days is the possibility that early morning fog caused droplets toform on the nets and made them more visible to birds. This may account, at least partially, for the latermorning peak on overcast days.

Table 3. Hourly temperature on sunny and overcast daysfrom 14 to 30 June 1969.

Time 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00

Overcast 49.0 49.0 50.0 51.4 53.3 55.0 57.3

Sunny 44.5 44.8 48.9 52.9 56.3 59.5 62.4

Point Reyes Bird Observatory, Mesa Road, Bolinas, California 94924

We have received another memorial letter for the late Carl Richardson, this one from hisgood friend and fellow bander of 45 years standing, Johnson A. Neff of Englewood, Colorado.They first met when cooperating on a project to determine the effect of woodpeckers on Oregonfruit crops. Together, they discovered the first known nesting colony of Tricolored Blackbirdsin Oregon, and Mr. Richardson began his long and valuable study of this species.

Yukon Mexico LargestB. C. Washington Montana Nevada Colorado Arizona Individual

SPECIES Alaska Alberta Oregon Idaho California Utah Wyoming New Mexico TOTAL Total By Whom

Eared Grebe 1 1 1 MoosWestern Grebe 1 1 1 RobinsonPied-billed Grebe 1 1 1 Bloom & AronLeach's Petrel 18 18 16 PRBOAshy Petrel 212 212 212 PRBO

White Pelican 200 101 154 455 200 Tule Lake NWRBrown Pelican 2 813 815 813 KeithDouble-crested Cormorant 100 2 102 100 Tule Lake NWRBrandt's Cormorant 108 153 261 153 PRBOPelagic Cormorant 23 92 8 123 92 Campbell

Great Blue Heron 22 23 57 49 9 160 57 Tule Lake NWRGreen Heron 3 3 1 each San Miguel, Feltes, SheppardSnowy Egret 423 423 222 RobinsonBlack-crowned Night Heron 1 392 393 273 RobinsonWhite-faced Ibis 292 18 310 200 A. Smith - DWRC

Whistling Swan 9 348 5 362 348 BarryTrumpeter Swan 6 56 62 56 Red Rock Lakes NWRCanada Goose 657 472 853 834 3,234 1,880 2,662 95 10,687 1,802 California F & GBlack Brant 643 96 739 643 Clarence Rhode NWRWhite-fronted Goose 168 54 1 223 168 Barry

Snow Goose 521 58 579 521 Tule Lake NWRMallard 5 4,358 4,225 1,380 586 10,188 1,000 21,742 4,616 Colorado F & GMexican Duck 19 19 19 Bosque del Apache NWRBlack Duck 1 1 1 Charles M. Russell NWRGadwall 13 39 2 148 202 142 Monta Vista NWR

Pintail 2 4 1,115 200 3,709 3,267 1,259 172 9,728 1,726 Utah Div. F & GGreen-winged Teal 1 68 14 1,030 166 331 1,610 1,002 Salton Sea NWRBlue-winged Teal 672 3 675 636 Bowdoin NWRCinnamon Teal 228 70 298 83 Salton Sea NWRBI.-winged &/or Cinn. Teal 92 60 1 288 441 217 Monta Vista NWR

American Widgeon 171 1,083 24 25 260 1,563 1,070 Salton Sea NWRShoveler 9 3 50 1 2 65 50 Tule Lake NWRWood Duck 57 38 95 40 Oregon State GameRedhead 28 1 448 352 3 832 218 Monta Vista NWRRing-necked Duck 2 1 3 6 3 Monta Vista NWR

Canvasback 456 296 752 437 California F & GCanvasback X Redhead 1 1 1 Nevada F & GGreater Scaup 4 1 300 1 306 297 California F & GLesserScaup 108 283 93 17 501 143 California F & GCommon Goldeneye 7 7 7 Oakland Parks Dept.

Barrow's Goldeneye 1 1 1 Nevada F & GBufflehead 2 7 10 19 10 Nevada F & GSpectacled Eider 4 4 4 Clarence Rhode NWRSurf Scoter 1 1 1 PRBORuddy Duck 3 54 1 58 44 Utah Div. F & G



Turkey Vulture 1 1 1 G. J. MurphyWhite-tailed Kite 85 85 84 StendellGoshawk 7 2 1 10 7 Alaska F & GSharp-shinned Hawk 5 3 36 1 6 4 55 24 PRBOCooper's Hawk 5 24 3 32 18 Swearingen

Red-tailed Hawk 12 30 8 40 10 14 114 30 Bloom & AronHarlan's Hawk 1 1 1 RyderRed-shouldered Hawk 13 13 10 Bloom & AronBroad-winged Hawk 2 2 2 E. T. JonesSwainson's Hawk 4 1 76 2 83 55 W. C. Anderson

Rough-legged Hawk 3 3 6 3 each Alaska F & G, HudsonFerruginous Hawk 11 2 7 10 6 36 11 E. T. JonesGolden Eagle 14 14 1 12 26 67 15 RyderBald Eagle 2 2 1 each Hawes, Umatilla NWRMarsh Hawk 5 2 4 1 12 5 J. O. Anderson

Osprey 5 5 10 5 each Johnson, J.O. AndersonPrairie Falcon 9 1 2 5 48 65 48 RyderPeregrine Falcon 1 1 2 1 each Swearingen, DrawzPigeon Hawk 2 2 4 2 each E.T. Jones, C. ChanningSparrow Hawk 12 49 16 267 3 73 5 425 137 Bloom & Aron

Blue Grouse 17 17 11 Thorne Ecological Found.Spruce Grouse 2 2 2 RobertWillow Ptarmigan 1 1 1 FosterWhite-tailed Ptarmigan 210 210 210 BraunSageGrouse 337 337 337 Utah Div. F & G

(Masked) Bobwhite 142 142 142 TomlinsonScaled Quail 2 2 2 StablerCalifornia Quail 60 178 252 490 252 Utah Div. F & GGambel's Quail 6 25 31 18 RussellRing-necked Pheasant 1 55 56 55 Utah Div. F & G

Chuckar 12 12 12 Utah Div. F & GSandhill Crane 5 10 15 10 Malheur NWRVirginia Rail 2 2 2 SheppardSora Rail 3 3 3 RobertCommon Gallinule 8 8 8 Staebler

American Coot 15 220 74 309 169 WeinrichBlack Oystercatcher 14 1 1 16 14 CampbellSemipalmated Plover 9 1 10 8 WangSnowy Plover 5 5 3 PRBOKilldeer 2 14 3 9 9 37 9 Swisher

Mountain Plover 23 23 20 RyderBlack-bellied Plover 2 2 1 each California F & G, PRBOCommon Snipe 27 3 1 31 22 RobertLong-billed Curlew 1 2 3 1 each Cal. F & G,Sheppard,UmatiliaWhimbrel 1 1 1 Sheppard

Spotted Sandpiper 5 1 2 8 5 SheridanWillet 16 16 15 California F & GGreater Yellowlegs 12 3 15 12 CampbellLesser Yellowlegs 58 58 29 each Campbell, W.J. AndersonSharp-tailed Sandpiper 1 1 1 Campbell

Yukon Mexico LargestB.C. Washington Montana Nevada Colorado Arizona Individual


Pectoral Sandpiper 28 13 41 28 NortonBaird's Sandpiper 54 54 54 NortonLeast Sandpiper 50 253 47 350 108 California F & GDunlin 86 5 102 193 86 NortonShort-billed Dowitcher 21 21 19 PRBO

Long-billed Dowitcher 43 43 33 CampbellDowitcher (sp.) 7 7 14 7 each California F & G, CampbellStilt Sandpiper 2 2 2 W. J. AndersonSemipalmated Sandpiper 131 3 134 131 NortonWestern Sandpiper 35 99 1,638 1,772 1,166 PRBO

Bar-tailed Godwit 8 8 7 Clarence Rhode NWRAmerican Avocet 1 1 113 6 121 113 A. Smith - DWRCWilson's Phalarope 1 1 2 1 each Sheppard, MerrickNorthern Phalarope 1 27 28 25 BleitzGlaucous-winged Gull 385 4,000 5,100 4 9,489 4,500 Wahl

Western Gull 1,390 1,390 1,321 PRBOHerring Gull 16 16 15 CogswellCalifornia Gull 176 720 1,221 197 219 2,533 719 MerrickRing-billed Gull 462 41 165 106 774 462 WeselohFranklin's Gull 99 4,001 4,100 4,001 Moos

Least Tern 121 121 121 MasseyElegant Tern 42 42 42 DeBordCaspian Tern 10 10 10 DeBordCommon Murre 3 3 3 PRBOPigeon Guillemot 26 180 206 180 PRBO

Cassin'sAuklet 2,671 2,671 2,671 PRBOTufted Puffin 1 1 1 PRBOBand-tailed Pigeon 1,799 402 3,292 788 6,281 3,292 Colorado F & GWhite-winged Dove 1 2,518 2,519 2,493 Arizona F & GMourning Dove 588 1,837 2,673 3,498 3,050 5,527 17,173 2,553 Arizona F & G

Spotted Dove 7 7 3 each Wells, FeltGround Dove 3 ~ I~ 19 15 ~ S-H. (?l.(s:se/lInca Dove 42 42 27 RussellYellow-billed Cuckoo 1 1 1 PRBORoadrunner 1 4 5 4 Russell

Barn Owl 28 4 16 4 5 57 28 CampbellScreech Owl 5 20 2 27 14 StaeblerFlammulated Owl 2 2 2 McKnightGreat Horned Owl 24 9 7 6 53 99 39 W. C. AndersonSnowy Owl 1 1 1 E. T. Jones

Hawk-Owl 16 16 15 E. T. JonesPygmy Owl 3 1 1 5 1 each 5 bandersElf Owl 1 1 2 1 each Atwood, RussellBurrowing Owl 1 20 1 1 64 87 64 McKnightGreat Gray Owl 6 1 7 5 E. T. Jones

Long-eared Owl 2 22 2 26 15 J. O. AndersonShort-eared Owl 3 5 4 12 5 C. ChanningSaw-whet Owl 1 4 11 16 11 PRBOWhip-poor-will 1 1 1 McKnightPoor-will 11 2 13 7 PRBO



Common Nighthawk 2 2 1 5 2 CampbellLesser Nighthawk 2 2 2 PRBOVaux's Swift 1 1 1 PRBOWhite-throated Swift 4 4 3 CollinsBlack-chinned Hummingbird 20 1 21 16 Bleitz

Costa's Hummingbird 13 3 16 13 WellsAnna's Hummingbird 110 5 115 43 BleitzAnna's X Costa's Humm. 1 1 1 WellsBroad-tailed Hummingbird 1 3 4 3 CollisterRufous Hummingbird 123 2 125 106 PRBO

Allen's Hummingbird 76 76 53 PRBOBelted Kingfisher 1 1 2 1 each Masterson, PRBOYellow-shafted Flicker 1 5 1 7 3 E. T. JonesRed-shafted Flicker 8 1 58 4 22 10 103 22 MewaldtHybrid Flicker 1 1 3 4 9 3 Collister

Gilded Flicker 3 3 2 RussellGila Woodpecker 29 29 11 CorchranRed-headed Woodpecker 1 1 1 CollisterAcorn Woodpecker 1 9 4 14 5 StaeblerYellow-bellied Sapsucker 3 3 1 35 23 2 67 25 PRBO

Williamson's Sapsucker 3 3 3 RingeringHairy Woodpecker 4 9 2 1 16 8 PRBODowny Woodpecker 1 1 25 8 1 36 23 PRBOLadder-backed Woodpecker 5 5 10 2 each Atwood, McKnightNuttall's Woodpecker 20 20 10 PRBO

White-headed Woodpecker 12 11 23 9 each PRBO, RingeringEastern Kingbird 1 1 3 2 7 3 MoosTropical Kingbird 1 1 1 PRBOWestern Kingbird 2 9 2 13 9 RyderGreat Crested Flycatcher 1 1 1 PRBO

Weid's Crested Flycatcher 4 4 4 RussellAsh-throated Flycatcher 10 95 1 2 108 58 PRBOEastern Phoebe 3 3 3 RobertBlack Phoebe 2 40 3 45 12 PRBOSay's Phoebe 3 5 3 16 27 16 Ryder

Yellow-bellied Flycatcher 2 2 1 each E. T. Jones, RobertTraill's Flycatcher 5 8 1 118 6 1 139 48 PRBOLeast Flycatcher 23 6 29 22 E. T. JonesHammond's Flycatcher 1 1 11 69 2 84 39 PRBODusky Flycatcher 17 2 65 6 90 35 PRBO

Gray Flycatcher 28 1 1 30 24 PRBOWestern Flycatcher 1 879 7 6 893 501 PRBOEmpidonax (sp.) 31 1 4 7 2 45 31 SwisherWestern Wood Pewee 8 3 271 21 2 305 185 PRBOOlive-sided Flycatcher 43 43 37 PRBO

Vermilion Flycatcher 3 3 2 HarrisonHorned Lark 2 166 88 7 263 87 RyderViolet-green Swallow 11 88 40 139 63 San MiguelTree Swallow 1 56 4 41 30 5 137 56 E. T. JonesBank Swallow 120 10 49 179 106 Stout



Rough-winged Swallow 26 1 27 10 San MiguelBarn Swallow 8 50 3 38 18 117 41 MerrickCliff Swallow 1 29 1,595 2 59 1,686 1,578 SpeichPurple Martin 7 7 7 FinleyGray Jay 9 3 12 4 28 10 Swisher

Blue Jay 5 33 38 18 NeffSteller's Jay 37 94 199 8 338 72 CollisterScrub Jay 21 127 1 7 18 174 39 ErpinoMexican Jay 15 15 13 YensenGREEN JAY' 1 1 1 Harrison

Black-billed Magpie 3 43 4 10 60 42 MerrickYellow-billed Magpie 6 6 3 PRBOCommon Raven 5 8 15 28 14 Bloom & AronWhite-necked Raven 17 4 21 17 W. C. AndersonCommon Crow 3 5 12 2 22 12 Woronecki - DWRC

Northwestern Crow 18 18 18 CampbellPinon Jay 35~ 1 45 401 355 MerrickClark's Nutcracker 15 24 31 70 31 McKnightBlack-capped Chickadee 75 16 34 14 2 9 68 8 226 75 PeytonMountain Chickadee 169 724 1 52 8 954 578 Dahlston

Boreal Chickadee 4 2 6 4 PeytonChestnut-backed Chickadee 4 122 2 128 102 PRBOPlain Ti.tmolJse 11 117 2 130 55 StaeblerBridled Titmouse 1 1 1 McKnightVerdin 37 29 66 32 Robert

Common Bushtit 39 265 22 326 163 PRBOWhite-breasted Nuthatch 7 5 20 18 7 57 10 LindnerRed-breasted Nuthatch 1 10 54 14 6 85 23 PRBOPygmy Nuthatch 5 61 19 9 94 60 FeltBrown Creeper 3 3 37 3 46 27 PRBO

Wrentit 2 131 133 105 PRBODipper 2 2 4 2 each Brockner, SwisherHouse Wren 8 12 12 86 34 8 160 21 PRBOWinter Wren 2 1 15 18 10 PRBOBewick's Wren 216 296 11 523 195 Kroodsma

Cactus Wren 11 73 84 42 RussellLong-billed Marsh Wren 88 3 10 1 102 88 VernerCanon Wren 2 2 2 StaeblerRock Wren 9 9 5 PRBOMockingbird 184 8 71 263 56 Russell

Catbird 9 1 27 37 27 CollisterBrown Thrasher 5 5 9 19 9 CollisterBendire's Thrasher 21 21 12 RussellCurve-billed Thrasher 149 149 50 RussellCalifornia Thrasher 14 14 4 each San Miguel, Mewaldt

Crissal Thrasher 2 3 5 3 RussellSageThrasher 1 1 2 3 7 1 each 7 bandersRobin 13 16 139 52 289 291 12 812 215 CollisterRufous-backed Robin 1 1 1 CollisterVaried Thrush" 3 23 26 21 PRBO



Hermit Thrush 1 11 28 1,146 10 23 1,219 542 MewaldtSwainson's Thrush 3 16 2 14 809 26 6 876 409 PRBOGray-cheeked Thrush 3 3 2 RobertVeery 6 6 6 CollisterWestern Bluebird 16 32 10 5 63 11 Felt

Mountain Bluebird 5 224 6 2 237 136 MartinTownsend's Solitaire 4 2 1 1 8 4 RingeringBlue-gray Gnatcatcher 2 30 1 33 9 PRBOBlack-tailed Gnatcatcher 5 6 11 4 CollisterGolden-crowned Kinglet 1 9 81 1 92 78 PRBO

Ruby-crowned Kinglet 4 19 2 515 4 36 580 276 PRBOWater Pipit 1 29 2 32 27 StaeblerSprague's Pipit 1 1 1 E. T. JonesCedar Waxwing 9 14 1 162 5 9 210 139 StonerPhainopepla 5 57 62 36 Russell

Northern Shrike 23 4 27 19 WahlLoggerhead Shrike 13 1 49 39 8 110 39 RyderStarling 16 1,219 13 1,076 70 1,157 4 3,555 1,181 Larson - DWRCCrested Myna 3 3 3 CampbellHutton's Vireo 1 82 2 85 49 PRBO

Bell's Vireo 3 3 6 2 San MiguelSolitary Vireo 2 1 1 76 7 5 92 40 PRBORed-eyed Vireo 5 7 1 2 15 4 each E. T. Jones, BurkPhiladelphia Vireo 1 1 1 E. T. JonesWarbling Vireo 2 4 607 6 28 6 653 347 PRBO

Black-and-white Warbler 2 1 3 2 E. T. JonesProthonotary Warbler 1 1 1 San MiguelTennesseeWarbler 147 5 3 155 115 E. T. JonesOrange-crowned Warbler 8 73 39 3 1,177 53 26 1,379 592 PRBONashville Warbler 3 244 2 249 100 PRBO

Virginia's Warbler 2 1 72 11 86 55 LindnerLucy's Warbler 4 4 2 each Anthony, RussellYellow Warbler 19 57 11 10 570 5 47 10 719 283 PRBOMagnolia Warbler 1 3 1 5 3 PRBOCape May Warbler 1 1 1 Robert

Black-throated Blue Warbler 2 2 4 2 CollisterMyrtle Warbler 6 52 3 79 2 142 58 PRBOAudubon's Warbler 104 116 953 19 55 1,247 397 PRBOBlack-throated Gray Warbler 15 55 1 71 24 PRBOTownsend's Warbler 6 1 168 1 176 106 PRBO

Black-throated Green Warbler 1 1 1 CollisterHermit Warbler 16 6 42 64 16 RingeringChestnut-sided Warbler 1 1 1 CollisterBay-breasted Warbler 1 1 1 PRBOBlackpoll Warbler 1 20 2 2 25 11 Robert

Palm Warbler 84 1 85 83 RobertOvenbird 6 5 3 14 4 PRBONorthern Waterthrush 10 2 3 7 22 9 WestConnecticut Warbler 2 2 2 E. T. JonesMourning Warbler 2 2 2 E. T. Jones



MacGillivray's Warbler 7 39 268 37 20 371 150 PRBoYellowthroat 4 4 5 103 17 2 135 39 PRBoYellow-breasted Chat 9 72 34 25 140 34 CollisterHooded Warbler 1 1 1 CollisterWilson's Warbler 1 15 9 6 2,219 191 34 2,475 988 PRBo

Red-faced Warbler 1 1 1 McKnightAmerican Redstart 18 10 9 5 42 18 E. T. JonesPainted Redstart 1 1 1 McKnightHouse Sparrow 47 21 1,145 29 10 1,252 686 RobertsBobolink 1 1 1 PRBo

Western Meadowlark 2 1 23 52 78 43 RyderYellow-headed Blackbird 55 75 116 320 58 52 676 225 Royall - DWRCRed-winged Blackbird 11 389 1,367 238 221 2,050 24 4,300 3,508 Royall- DWRCTricolored Blackbird 15 8,636 8,651 8,631 Woronecki - DWRCOrchard Oriole 7 7 7 Collister

Hooded Oriole 20 9 29 8 TainterScott's Oriole 1 1 2 1 each Tainter, StaeblerBaltimore Oriole 16 2 18 16 E. T. JonesBullock's Oriole 1 6 148 3 11 12 181 89 PRBoRusty Blackbird 2 2 2 Robert

Brewer's Blackbird 793 15 230 120 4 1,162 677 oriansCommon Grackle 2 45 47 27 NeffBoat-tailed Grackle 2 1 3 2 BirindelliBrown-headed Cowbird 52 2,569 33 13 2,667 1,391 Woronecki - DWRCBronzed Cowb'ird 1 1 1 Radke

Western Tanager 33 280 8 37 27 385 107 PRBoScarlet Tanager 1 1 1 RobertSummer Tanager 1 1 1 San MiguelCardinal 74 74 26 CorchranPyrrhuloxia 30 30 10 each Harrison, Russell

Rose-breasted Grosbeak 4 5 1 10 5 PRBoBlack-headed Grosbeak 27 2 275 14 95 66 479 121 PRBoBlue Grosbeak 13 1 8 22 10 PRBoIndigo Bunting 4 4 4 PRBoLazuli Bunting 36 2 210 21 36 305 113 PRBo

IndigoXLazuli Bunting 1 1 1 CollisterPainted Bunting 1 1 1 RussellEvening Grosbeak 1 85 12 258 14 370 193 RyderPurple Finch 19 76 351 446 236 PRBoCassin's Finch 82 2 15 88 187 50 Ringering

House Finch 3 1,189 100 2,244 63 1,200 569 5,368 560 NeffGray-crowned Rosy Finch 1 1 1 Brown - Crater LakeCommon Redpoll 11 11 11 WestPine Siskin 5 15 51 941 1 18 63 1,094 543 FeltesAmerican Goldfinch 5 40 3 446 1 21 1 517 189 PRBo

Lesser Goldfi nch 118 446 40 58 662 160 San MiguelLawrence's Goldfinch 36 17 53 12 San MiguelRed Crossbill 5 11 1 1 1 19 4 MerrickWhite-winged Crossbill 2 2 2 WestGreen-tailed Towhee 29 31 31 143 234 102 Russell



Rufous-sided Towhee 124 298 5 52 28 507 151 PRBOBrown Towhee 3 275 43 321 64 MewaldtAbert's Towhee 11 25 36 14 CollisterLark Bunting 1 177 273 451 183 TainterSavannah Sparrow 270 8 3 204 14 499 262 Campbell

Grasshopper Sparrow 5 4 9 5 PRBOVesper Sparrow 4 7 3 1 15 3 each Staebler, Collister, Weitz,Lark Sparrow 3 290 5 2 300 249 MewaldtRufous-winged Sparrow 56 56 56 OhmartRufous-crowned Sparrow 23 23 10 Mewaldt

Cassin'sSparrow 30 30 29 OhmartBlack-throated Sparrow 2 9 44 55 18 TainterSageSparrow 195 1 196 194 StaeblerWhite-winged Junco 22 22 17 WhitneySlate-colored Junco 76 49 4 1 1 1 25 1 158 70 Peyton

Oregon Junco 10 948 42 1,979 170 483 487 4,119 699 PRBOGray-headed Junco 4 316 300 620 136 SniderMexican Junco 77 77 77 MooreHybrid Junco 6 6 6 FerrisJunco (sp.) 2 8 10 7 Whitney

Tree Sparrow 1 25 26 13 CollisterChipping Sparrow 7 249 51 293 1 134 28 763 192 RingeringClay-colored Sparrow 5 7 7 19 7 PRBOBrewer's Sparrow 415 10 21 80 526 415 MerrickBlack-chinned Sparrow 1 5 6 2 each San Miguel, Atwood

Harris' Sparrow 1 1 1 3 6 2 CollisterWhite-crowned Sparrow 76 8 400 4 4,448 282 1,231 6,449 919 PRBOGolden-crowned Sparrow 245 2,378 2,623 1,029 MewaldtWhite-throated Sparrow 8 1 13 3 25 9 PRBOFox Sparrow 31 2 191 5 533 2 764 258 PRBO

Lincoln's Sparrow 127 20 2 237 82 136 604 133 RobertSwamp Sparrow 93 93 93 RobertSong Sparrow 4 122 13 504 3 4 50 700 348 PRBOMcCown's Longspur 30 30 19 RyderChestnut-collared Longspur 3 3 3 CollisterLapland Longspur 1 6 1 8 6 Campbell

374 Species, 5 Hybrids 2,443 8,133 24,319 15,788 71,690 13,081 33,295 15,535 184,284

LargestIndividual

SPECIES TOTAL Total By Whom

Sooty Storm Petrel 38 38 Hawaiian Islands NWRRed-tailed Tropicbird 290 290 RobbinsHawaiian Duck 42 42 Hawaii F & GFairy Tern 14 14 RobbinsApapane 10 10 BankoAmakihi 3 3 Banko

Total 397

SUMMARY REPORT OF INDIVIDUAL BANDERS (1970)(198 Responding Banders)

(25 Sub-Permittees)

Abeles, Ernest R.Alaska Dept. of Fish & GameAnderson, JamesO.Anderson, William C.Anderson, W. J.

Anthony, Larry W.Arbovirus Field Station

(Don Roberts)Arbovirus Field Station

(Dr. Albert Beck)

Arizona Coop. WRUArizona Game and Fish DepartmentAtwood, JonBanko, WinstonBarry, T. W.

Bear River RefugeBeaver,Donald L.Beidleman, Dr. Richard G.Benedict, Dr. R. D.Benton Lake NWR

Birindelli, DianeBitter Lake NWRBleitz, DonBosquedel Apache NWRBowdoin NWR

Braun, Dr. Clait E.Brockner, SylviaBroyles, L. L.Bureau of Sport Fisheriesand WildlifeBurk, Kathryn

California Fish and GameCamasNWRCamenzino, Frank J.Campbell, R. WayneCapulin Mountain National Monument

Carrier, W. D.Channing, C. HowardChanning, Dr. Edward C.Charles M. Russell NWRClarence Rhode NWR

Cogswell, Dr. Howard L.Collier, GeraldCollins, Dr. CharlesT.

(Bloom, Peter; Arcn, James)(Massey,Barbara)

(Johnson, Wayne)Collister, Allegra

(Whitney, M.A. & G.M.)Colorado Department of Fish and GameColumbia NWR

Corchran, Charles E.Coughran, GingerDahlsten, D. L.Davis, Dr. John

(Verbeek, A. M.)

(Tvrdik, G. M.)DeBord, Larry W.Deer Flat NWRDenver Wildlife ResearchCenter

(DeGrazio & Besser)

(Keith, James0.)(Larson, Ken H.)(Pillmore, Richard E.)(Royall, Willis C.)(Smith, Allen)

(Woronecki, Paul)DeSante, D. F.

De Wolfe, Dr. BarbaraDrawz, Clifford A.

5440 Blanco Ave., Woodland Hills, California 91364 6Subport Building, Juneau, Alaska 99801 3Rt. 1, Box 632, Beaverton, Oregon 97005 10Otero Jr. College, La Junta, Colorado 81050 63896 West 24th Avenue, Vancouver, B.C. 7

Pueblo Heights Mobile Park #30, Globe, Arizona 85501 7

P.O. Box 1564, Bakersfield, California 93302 2

35-C Nimshew Stage,Chico, California 95926 13

University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 1Rm. 109, 1688 West Adams, Phoenix, Arizona 85007 3Box 11523, UCSB,Santa Barbara, California 93107 32Bureau of Sport Fisheriesand Wildlife,Box 35, Hawaii Nat'l Park, Hawaii 96718 214322 Ravine Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 3

Box 459, Brigham City, Utah 84302 42636 BenvenueAvenue, Berkeley, California 94704 7Department of Biology, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80903 52835 Willamette, Eugene,Oregon 97405 3Box 2624, Great Falls, Montana 59401 1

1308 Ocean Park Blvd., #2, Santa Monica, California 90405 16Box 7, Roswell, New Mexico 88201 65334 Hollywood Blvd., Hollywood, California 90027 18Box 278, San Antonio, New Mexico 87832 3Box 4, Malta, Montana 59538 5

P.O. Box 567, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 2Box 140, Evergreen,Colorado 80439 21Box 334, Brigham City, Utah 84302 1Building 16, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225 22738 West CasasDrive, Tucson, Arizona 85704 55

1416 Ninth Street, Sacramento, California 95814 23Refuge Manager,Hamer, Idaho 83425 2Box 233, Moose, Wyoming 83012 3301-621 Gilbert Road, Richmond, B.C., Canada 44Capulin, New Mexico 88414 1

813 Williams Place,Ojai, California 93023 2Box 206, Clear Lake, Washington 98235 82621 EI Camino, Turlock, California 95381 1Box 110, Lewistown, Montana 59457 3Dr. E. S. Lensing, Mgr., Box 346, Bethel, Alaska 99559 9

1548 East Avenue, Hayward, California 94541 40Department of Zoology, San Diego State College,San Diego, California 92115 8Department of Biology, California State at Long Beach, Long Beach,Calif. 90801 12

121

21331111

1

706 Hover Road, Longmont, Colorado 80501Box 257, Lyons, Colorado 80501Box 567, Fort Collins, Colorado 80501P.O. Drawer B, Othello, Washington 99344

8080 E. Wrightstown Road, Tucson, Arizona 85715747 Stafford Place,San Diego, California 921071050 San Pablo, Albany, California 94706Hastings Reservation, Carmel Valley, California 93924

42321 Thornton Avenue, Hemet, California 92343Rt. 1, Box 335, Nampa, Idaho 83651Building 16, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225Venezuela

Baja CaliforniaWashington, Oregon

Arizona, NevadaUtah

CaliforniaDepartment of Biological Sciences,Stanford University, California 94305Costa Rica1361 Holiday Hill Road, Goleta, California 930176605 S.E. 93rd Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97266

441

1,579

1705,664

33313

612

363573718

546

3472,083

167509

1,348

216137

810

948

6,5451,049

144,992

2

242

3591,128

815

634357

49232121

132,434

17411,571

615

50986959372012

65276

19,283100

8132,158

914,396

313

10,91250863

24233

Elems, Stan W.Eley, Thomas J.Ellis, David H.Elmore, Marjorie M.Erickson, Dr. Mary M.

Erpino, Dr. Michael J.Felt, Arthur C.Feltes, Charles H.Ferris, Reed W.Fischer, Rudolph

Finlay, J. C.Fisler, G. F.Fish Springs NWRFlavin, John W.Foster, William L.

Frost, Herbert H.Gehlert, R. E.Gillespie, MabelGimby, R. A.Gerstenberg, Ron H.

Harper, Thomas J.Harrison, William I.Havasu Lake NWRHawaii Division of Fish and GameHawaiian Islands NWR

Hawes,William D.Hawthorne, Vernon M.Hein, Dr. DaleHough, Mr. & Mrs. John N.Huber, Lawerence N.

Hudson, Dr. George E.Hurlbert, Elgin B.Hutton Lake NWRJohnson, Donald R.Jones, Edgar T.

Jones, Ellis R.Jones, Loring M.Kaminsky, MurielKebbe, Chester E.Killpack, Merlin L.

Kinsey, Eric C.Klasson, Barbara JoKootenai NWRKroodsma, Donald E.Lacy, Charles H.

Lindner, MaryLinsdale, Maryann R.Lyon, Dr. L. JackMcKnight, BarbaraMcNary NWR

Malheur NWRManning, D. C.Martin, SidMasterson, NormanMedicine Lake NWR

ADDRESS Species

Box 4021, Kearny Station, Modesto, California 95352 9Quarters 2903-E MCB, Quantico, Virginia 22134 8539 West Front, Missoula, Montana 59801 21728 Hudson Drive, San Jose, California 95124 53505 Foothill Road, Santa Barbara, California 93105 3

Department of Biology, Chico State College, Chico, California 95926 25837 South Newlin Avenue, Whittier, California 90601 31437 Myrtle Avenue, Modesto, California 95350 31941 South 13th East Street, Salt Lake City, Utah 84105 82846 Peyton Road, LaVerne, California 91750 1

Site 9, Route 7, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 3Dept. of Biology, San Fernando Valley State College, Northridge, Calif. 91324 2Dugway, Utah 84022 1c/o General Delivery, Englewood, Colorado 80110 4Box 598, Nome, Alaska 99762 8

Department of Zoology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84601 212155 96th Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 4Box 575, Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts02557 8Rm. 2205, Federal Building, 125 South State Street, Salt Lake City, Utah 84111 1Reedley College, Reedley, California 93654 14

Box 16000, Fed. Station, Las Vegas, Nevada 89101 1Box 866, Nogales, Arizona 85621 28Box A, Needles, California 92363 2530 South Hotel Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 1Box 157, Kailua, Hawaii 96734 1

459 Federal Office Building, Seattle, Washington 98104 1Box 938, University of California, Truckee, California 95734 3Dept. of Fish & Wildlife, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80521 11515 Mariposa Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80302 116832 E. 38th Street, Tucson, Arizona 85710 12

Dept. of Zoology, Box 75, Rt. 1, Pullman, Washington 99163 12Box 123, Pacific Grove, California 93950 8Walden, Colorado 80480 21132 East E Street, Moscow, Idaho 83843 26115 141st Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 66

Box 217, CaveCreek, Arizona 85331 101546 Borah Avenue, Moscow, Idaho 83843 111213 Robertson Way, Sacramento, California 95818 65414 N.E. Emerson Street, Portland, Oregon 97218 151726 24th Street, Ogden, Utah 84401 26

17 Southwood Avenue, Ross,California 94957 7Box 70 K,Ponderosa Way, Whitmore, California 96096 12Star Rt. 1, Bonners Ferry, Idaho 83805 11403 Alta Vista Drive, Corvalis, Oregon 97330 6218 10526 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 4

Rt. 1, Box 10, Hesperus,Colorado 81326657 Kirkwood Avenue, Salinas, California 93901Box 120, Missoula, Montana 59801Box 10, Cedar Crest, New -Mexico 87005Box 19, Burbank, Washington 99323

Box 113, Burns, Oregon 977206860 Greenfield Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 841211110 Wilder Avenue, Helena, Montana 59601Rt. 2, Box 77, LaGrande, Oregon 97850Medicine Lake, Montana 59247

Merrick, George G. Rt. 3, Box 320, Bend, Oregon 97701Mewaldt, Dr. L. Richard(j)VIOl1dl';''1Y 4150 Golf Drive, San Jose, California 95127Minidoka NWR I.4b SI111 :Jo.J~ Rt. 4, Minidoka Dam, Rupert, Idaho 83350Montana Coop. WRU ' )University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59801Montana Fish & Game Shtfe CJtI~~e.Game Management Division, Helena, Montana 59601

Monte Vista NWRMoos, Louis M.Morton, Martin L.Mozejko, Dr. AlbertMurphy, Gordon J.

(Payne, D. E.)Murphy, Dr. Joseph R.·National Bison RangeNeff, Johnson A.Nevada Fish & Game Commission

New Mexico State UniversityOakland Park DepartmentOkamoto, Walter S.Orbesen, Thomas L.Oregon State Game Commission

Box 511, Monte Vista, Colorado 81144712 South 13th Avenue, Bozeman, Montana 59715Occidental College, Los Angeles, California 900413332 17th Place, Forest Grove, Oregon 971164530 Donald Street, Eugene, Oregon 97405

Rt. 7, Box 159A, Eugene, Oregon 97405Department of ZOQlogy, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84601RangeManager, Moise, Montana 598243965 South Bannock Street, Englewood, Colorado 80110Box 10678, Reno, Nevada 89510

David E. Babb, Box 1, University Park, New Mexico 88001Room 224, City Hall, Oakland, California 94612951 South 8th, #1, Salt Lake City, Utah 84105Rt. 1, Box 66, Aztec, New Mexico 87410Box 3503, 1634 S.W. Alder Street, Portland, Oregon 97201

No.

111229

213

98294

1,598196

1

14108

1923968

741173

985152

54238

172

16418492

8250

1347

576

21814578

173195

216538

232493

55392

1314

1,455

95225

1491

33

2,6614,327

665118

1,839

5,6494,751

44519212

26912

266682

2,931

1,95621144

4022,818

Orians, Dr. Gordon H.Peterson, DonaldPeterson, Liven A., Jr.Peyton, Leonard J.

(Peyton, Sidney)

Point Reyes Bird ObservatoryRadke, EleanorRavalli NWRRea, Amadeo M.Red Rock Lakes NWR

Ringering, Orley D.Robbins, Chandler S.Roberts, Don R.Robert, HenryRobinson, G. W.

Rodgers, Dr. Thomas L.Rogers,Thomas H.Ross,Eunic<e L.Ruby Lake NWRRussell, Dr. Stephen M.

(Moore, Nelson)(Ohmart, Dr. Robert)(Smith, E. Linwood)(Yensen, Eric)

Ryder, Dr. Ronald A.

Sacramento NWRSan Luis NWRSan Miguel, Michael

(Atwood, Jon)Scheible, Richard J.

Schultz, Zelia M.Sheppard, Jay M.Sheridan, Carol A.Skay, C. M.Smith, H. C.

Snider, Patricia R.Snyder, Mildred O.Speich, StevenStabler, Dr. Robert M.Staebler, Dr. Arthur E.

Stendell, Rey C.Stevenson, Thelma V.Stillwater WMAStoner, Emerson A.Stout, Dr. Harold B.

Swearingen, W. L., Jr.Swisher, Otis D.

(Powers, Leon)Tainter, Fern R.Tanner, Valen T.

Thorne Ecological FoundationTravis, Mr. & Mrs. James R.Trost, C. H.Tule Lake NWRTurnbull NWR

Umatilla NWRUniversity of California, Santa BarbaraUtah Division of Fish & GameVerner, Dr. JaredWahl, Terence R.

Wang, ArthurWard, Michael E.Washington Department of GameWeinrich, Alva E.Weitzel, Floyd E.

Wells, ShirleyWeseloh, D. VaughnWest, Dr. George C.

(Norton, David)Weston, Dr. Henry G.

White, Jennifer M.Wight, Howard M.Willapa NWRWilliam L. Finley NWRWinkler, Dr. Howard A.

67712

85825235

17,83486

1,0431

61

943304

1,574898681

34113

4351,517

77852313

1,898

3920

2,810964

6

54250

7031,047

17

255442

1,60841

1,346

9412

1011,080

143

321,334

6455035

102509

444,812

317

447

5,77294

4,785

48185

1,658793179

1,973737124299

7

7785040

305110

Dept. of Zoology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105 11705 EvergreenStreet, Burbank, California 91505 42015 Sunrise Rim Road, Boise, Idaho 83705 3Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Box 550, College, Alaska 99735 141498 Old Telegraph Road, Fillmore, California 93015 8

Palomarin Ranch, Mesa Road, Bolinas, California 94924Box 446, CaveCreek, Arizona 85331Box 547, Stevensville, Montana 59870Center for Man & Environment, Prescott College, Prescott, Arizona 86301Lima, Montana 59739

820 East Berkeley, Gladstone, Oregon 970277900 Brooklyn Bridge Road, Laurel, Maryland 20810Box 1546, Bakersfield, California 93302c/o Marianne Shepard, Box 141, Glen Ellen, California 95442Cooperative Wildlife ResearchUnit, Fort Collins, Colorado 80321

942 Hazel Street, Chico, California 95926E. 10820 Maxwell, Spokane, Washington 99206230 South Boulevard, Gunnison, Colorado 81230Refuge Manager, Ruby Valley, Nevada89833Dept. of Biological Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721

Wildlife Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521

Rt. 1, Box 311, Willows, California 95988Box 2176, Los Banos, California 93635610 Greenbank Avenue, Duarte, California 91010511 Santa Maria, Arcadia, California 910062352 Sacramento Street, Berkeley, California 94702

3560 South Brandon Street, Seattle, Washington 981184002 Howard Avenue #9, Los Alamitos, California 907209620 Barnes Lane, Tacoma, Washington 984441355 Belford, Reno, Nevada895028613 157th Street, Edmonton 52, Alberta, Canada

4432-A Alabama Street, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544161 Del Mar Circle, Aurora, Colorado 80010Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz. 85721Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Colorado 8090332580 Lodge Road, Tollhouse, California 93667

Museum Vert. Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California 947201601 N. College, Space98, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521Eason Building, Box 592, Fallon, Nevada89406285 East L Street, Benicia, California 94510Box 517, Brewster, Washington 98812

663 Augustine Lane, Lafayette, California 945491002 South Oakdale, Medford, Oregon 97501

P.O. Box 1122, San Luis Obispo, California 9340122211 Prospect Street, Hayward, California 94541

1229 University Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80302417 Estante Way, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544Department of Biology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83201Rt. 1, Box 74, Tulelake, California 96134Rt. 3, Box 107, Cheney, Washington 99004

Box 239, Umatilla, Oregon 97882 3Department of Biological Sciences,Santa Barbara, California 93106 21596 West North Temple, Salt Lake City, Utah 84116 13Department of Biology, CWSC,Ellensburg, Washington 98926 23041 Eldridge, Bellingham, Washington 98225 34

Box 2916, Carmel, California 93921 52335 Ironwood Avenue, Morro Bay, California 93442 28Mt. Vernon District Office, 1100 E. College Way, Mt. Vernon, Wash.98273 12Room 4008, 650 Capitol Mall, Sacramento, California 95814 11Lane Community College, Eugene, Oregon 97405 14

30443 La Vista Verde, San Pedro, California 90732 74Department of Biology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada 3University of Alaska, College, Alaska 99701 17

4Department of Biological Sciences,San JoseState College, San Jose, Calif. 95114 1

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Berkeley, California 94720 9Dept. of Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 1Ilwaco, Washington 98624 1Rt. 2, Box 208, Corvallis, Oregon 97330 3Box 1549, Durango, Colorado 81301 9

Wirtz, William O.Wisner, H. P.Wright, Michael E.Wyoming Game & Fish Commission

Department of Zoology, Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711Biology Department, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403Box 285, Chico, California 95926Box 567, Torrington, Wyoming 82240

461829

2,983

Report received too late to include in annual report:

Graham, Hatch U.S. Forest Service, 144 N. Mountain View, San Bernardino, California 92408

Also, 39 banders reported no birds banded during 1970.

Names in parentheses indicate Sub-permittees.

The annual total of birds banded in 1970 in the W.B.B.A. area was 184,681, down about 5,000 from the 1969total of 189,987. The downward trend from 1968 continues with a 2.7% decrease of total birds banded from 1969.The 226 active banders reporting in 1969 had banded an average of 895 birds each; in 1970 the average for 213 activebanders reporting was 867. A difference in average number of species banded (13.6 in 1969, 14.8 in 1970) is notsignificant.

Active banders recording less than 100 individuals banded represented 38.5% of the total of active banders re-porting, in both 1969 and 1970. In 1970, 39 banders reported no birds banded.

Allegra Collister 133Michael San Miguel.......... 91Stephen M. Russell 83(Includes 4 sub-permittees)

Numbers High: R. Wayne Campbell 4,992Terence Wahl................ 4,785Louis Moos 4,751

Point Reyes Bird Observatory banded 17,834 birds in 1970, representing a total of 165 species. Operations suchas this, which maintain a continuing effort, make a substantial contribution to the knowledge of.a local area, as wellas serving as a training ground.

MallardMourning DoveCanada GoosePintailGlaucous-winged GullTricolored BlackbirdWhite-crowned SparrowBand-tailed PigeonHouse Finch

21,74217,17310,6879,7289,4898,6516,4496,2815,368

As in past years, ducks and geeseaccounted for 27.8% of all birds banded in W.B.B.A. territory in 1970. Doves andpigeons, representing 12.6% of birds banded, have replaced Starlings and blackbirds (9.6%) in the rank order of 1969.

Decreasing totals of birds banded in the W.B.B.A. territory in recent years (excluding the Pacific Project) maywell be partially the result of increased emphasis on "project" versus "shotgun" banding. Still, the banding of"casuals" encountered in the course of a project can generate some of those rare data points that represent our con-crete knowledge of the movements of birds. For example, refer to the July 1970 issue of Western Bird Bander,page 45, and note the recoveries of Martin's Red-shafted Flicker or Stoner's Robin. There is much to be learned,particularly in the inland regions of W.B.B.A. territory, by population and distribution type banding studies.

TABLE 1: BANDING SUMMARY, 1960 - 1970

1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970

Number of active reports 170 185 207 200 218 227 212 192 193 226 213Species banded 376 353 361 368 387 384 402 409 415 406 380Birds banded 135.077 129,490 164,962 199,584 503,833 637,539 823,594 364,732 223,968 218,974 184,681Average speciesper bander 16.1 15.3 14.8 15.2 16.2 16.3 15.5 15.9 15.7 13.6 14.8Average birds per bander 793 699 792 998 2,311 2,808 3,940 1,901 1,160 895 867Reports of lessthan 100 birds 71 80 78 75 67 70 81 71 64 87 82

ALASKA 12,982 19,062 9,823 12,637 14,050 9,152 15,654 4,742 4,015 1,189 2,443YUKON, B.C., ALBERTA 2,111 1,782 9,371 8,220 13,066 9,660 11,217 6,292 9,851 12,256 8,133WASHINGTON, OREGON 25,882 24,787 23,113 26,879 26,644 31,152 25,714 24,715 28,202 29,137 24,319IDAHO, MONTANA 14,113 17,369 17,772 16,400 23,359 23,894 30,800 18,391 19,133 17,770 15,788CALIFORNIA 44,240 35,088 46,201 53,040 49,798 51,710 62,466 48,168 66,327 76,121 71,690NEVADA,UTAH 4,635 7,831 11,667 13,752 23,128 17,736 19,589 19,137 13,260 12,595 13,081WYOMING, COLORADO 8,196 12,731 24,148 27,243 53,229 44,505 39,418 31,215 36,159 30,864 33,295ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO* 9,932 10,565 8,624 9,424 6,169 19,858 14,919 15,027 14,987 9,022 15,535*MEXICO* 83 2 12 21 39 123 456 32 *HAWAII, PACIFIC ISLANDS 12,904 275 14,241 31,977 294,419 429,833 603,807 201,663 31,580 29,988 397

* Combined in 1970

Box 10, Cedar Crest, New Mexico 87008

[At our request, Kathleen S. Anderson, Director of the first permanent bird observatory on the East Coast, sent thefollowing summary of the activities and facilities there. Ed.]

The Manomet Bird Observatory, located 40 miles southeast of Boston on a seacliff overlooking Cape Cod Bay,Massachusetts, began full-time operation in August, 1969. Begun as an Operation Recovery Station in the fall of1966, it became the first permanent observatory on the Atlantic Coast of North America.

Prime objectives of the Manomet Bird Observatory are:1) the accumulation of controlled banding data for populations and migrations of such species of

birds as seems best adapted to serve as indicators of environmental changes,2) individual research projects of staff members, qualified volunteers, and accredited visitors, and3) sponsoring or contributing to educational programs which promote the study of natural history

and environmental biology.

In the 18 months since MBO opened, more than 18,000 birds have been banded and fully processed, makinga total of over 22,500 birds of 143 speciessince 1966. There have been 50 recoveries, the most distant being aSemi-palmated Sandpiper recovered in the British West Indies off the coast of Venezuela. MBO, in turn, has recap-tured 12 birds banded in other places.

In addition to a continuous banding program, the Observatory is studying the migration of waterfowl andshorebirds along the coast and is initiating several studies of breeding passerines. A major effort this year will bethe transferral of all past and future banding records to a data-processing system.

Elementary, secondary, and college classesregularly schedule field trips to the Observatory and MBO volun-teers visit classrooms to talk about birds, usually with living examples. MBO staff lectures frequently and theObservatory has sponsored several public programs. Teacher workshops have been provided both at MBO and atschools. This spring, evening courses in Bird Biology and Bird Identification for Beginners will be offered at MBO.In 1970 alone, the educational programs reached more than 8,000 people.

The Manomet Bird Observatory is supported by a membership that has grown to 825 and by grants and do-nations from foundations and other organizations. Facilities, including 'an excellent library, laboratory, and livingquarters, are available to qualified researchers and volunteers upon prior arrangement with the Director. Thoseseeking more information about the program and membership in the Manomet Bird Observatory should write tothe Director, Manomet Bird Observatory, Manomet, Massachusetts 02345.

SPECIES HOW MARKED- - - - - - - -

Brown Pelican leg streamer

dyepatagial tag

Cackling Goose web tagpaint &/or dye

leg band

Canada Goose leg bandCanada Goose leg bandCanada Goose neckband

dye- - - - - - - - - - - -

Mallard nasaI saddIe

leg band &/or legstreamer &/orwing streamer

leg band

OspreyGlaucous-winged,

Western, Herring,California,Ring-billed, Mew,Bonaparte's Gulls

patagiaI tagdye

Heerman's GullScrub Jay

leg bandleg band

leg band

leg band

leg band

leg band

red (s.Calif.); orange,green, blue, white(Baja California)

yellow, green (s.Calif.)red, yellow, green (Baja

California)

red, orange, yellow,green, blue, white,black, pink, purple

red, orange, green, blue,white, pink

yellowblueorangeyellow

red, white, black

red, orange, yellow,green, blue, white,black, pink, violet

green, blue

yellow (Baja California)brown

yellow (Baja California)red, green, blue,

white, blackred, green, blue,

white, blackred, yellow, green,

whitered, green, blue,

white, blackred, green, blue,

white, black

Richard E. Pillmore, D.W.R.C.,Building 16, Federal Center,Denver, Colorado 80225

Dr. Calvin J. Lensink,Clarence Rhode N.W.R.,P.O. Box 346,Bethel, Alaska 99559

Richard E. Pillmore (address above)Willapa N.W.R., Ilwaco, Washington 98624Fred E. Wright, Nevada Dept. Fish & Game,

P.O. Box 10678, Reno, Nevada 89510

John E. Nagel, Utah Division Fish & Game,1596 W. North Temple,Salt Lake City, Utah 84116

Dr. Mary M. Erickson, Dept. Biological Sciences,University of California,Santa Barbara, California 93106

Wallace H. Noerenberg, Alaska Dept. Fish &Game, Subpart Bldg., Juneau, Alaska 99801

Richard E. Pillmore (atldress above)Dr. George L. Hunt, Jr.,

School of Biological Sciences,University of California,Irvine, California 92664

Richard E. Pillmore (addressabove)Reed W. Ferris, 941 S. 13th East Street,

Salt Lake City, Utah 84105Reed W. Ferris

(addressabove)Dr. Oakleigh Thorne II, Thorne Eco!. Found.,

1229 University Ave., Boulder, Colo. 80302Reed W. Ferris

(addressabove)Reed W. Ferris

(addressabove)

Also, Dr. Ralph J. Raitt (Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, N.M. 88001) is authorized to use red,yellow, green, blue, white, and/or black leg bands on the following: Scaled Quail, Roadrunner, Western Kingbird, Ash-throated Fly-catcher, Horned Lark, Verdin, Cactus Wren, Mockingbird, Crissal Thrasher, Black-tailed Gnatcatcher, Loggerhead Shrike, Scott's Oriole,Eastern Meadowlark, Western Meadowlark, Brown-headed Cowbird, Pyrrhuloxia, and Black-throated Sparrow.

FAUNA SILL-': 69A. S£ROAN#Z8MEXICO D.t:: 18450

These bands were placed on birds captured in Mexico as part of an active banding program undertaken inrecent years by the Mexican Government.

The band on the left was found on a Heermann's Gull (Larus heermanniJ, collected on 14 September 1966near Long Beach, California. The other band was sent to us by the Mexican Government when we requested asketch or a sample of their bands.

Another Heermann's Gull, found dead in Baja California on 21 August 1970, wore a band with the numbers 2226/68and bore the letters "Mex.D.F." and "B.C." (Baja California).

The Bird Banding Laboratory in Laurel, Maryland, is interested in any recaptures of birds wearing Mexicanbands. Persons finding such bands will receive an acknowledgment.

Daniel W. Anderson, B.S.F.W., P.O. Box C, Davis, California 95616William C. Anderson, Otero Junior College, La Junta, Colorado 81050Mrs. Joseph Burk, 2738 W. Casas Drive, Tucson, Arizona 85704Robert R. Copper, 1697 N. Madison, Pasadena, California 91104Charles E. Corchran, 8080 Wrightstown Road, Tucson, Arizona 85715S. C. Devereux, 5191 Robertson Road, R.R. 1, Delta, B.C., CanadaClifford A. Drawz, 6605 S.E. 93rd Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97266John W. Flavin, 170-A South Pratt Parkway, Longmont, Colorado 80501Maynard A. Fosberg, Route 4, Box 448, Moscow, Idaho 83843Hatch Graham, U.S. Forest Service, 144 N. Mountain View, San Bernadino, California 92408Nick G. and Shirley M. Johannesma, 2052 Hatch Road, Novato, California 94947Wayne D. Johnson, 247 Santa Ana, Long Beach, California 90815T. James Lewis, Box 321, Bolinas, California 94924Robin E. Lewis, 13484 Myren Drive, Saratoga, California 95070John S. Luther, 7481 Woodrow, Oakland, California 94611James M. Micuda, Route 1, Box 709, Dallas, Oregon 97338Robert A. Montgomery. 1208 S. Dundee Avenue, Dundee, Illinois 60118Albert Mozejko, 3332 17th Place, Forest Grove, Oregon 97116Leon Powers, 20 Elm Street, Medford, Oregon 97501Robert Rodrigues, 26122 Parkside, Hayward, California 94542Rey C. Stendell, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720

AMENDMENTSIn the January issue of Western Bird Bander, members were asked to vote on proposed revisions to W.B.B.A.'s

constitution. These amendments would add Student/Sub-permittee and Institutional Memberships, and would placethe Editor and the immediate past president on the Executive Council. The amendments were approved by 93 of94 responding members and therefore stand as presented.

PHOTOGRAPHSFor the second year in succession, we have forgotten to credit the Annual Meeting photographers for their

contributions to Western Bird Bander. May we now offer our sincere apologies and belated thanks to Grace Nixonfor the 1970 photographs and to R. Wayne Campbell for 1971.

SKULLINGThe March-April 1971 issue of EBBA News (publication of the Eastern Bird Banding Association) has an

article by R. P. Yunick, "A Word of Caution About Skull-Aging Aids." Dr. Yunick discusses Kodak's wetting agent,"Photo-Flo"; the alcohols; detergents and soap. His conclusion: "Despite its slower wetting ability, water appearsto be the soundest approach to wetting down a bird's plumage for purposes of skull aging. Alcohols present possiblerisks as irritants; ethylene glycol and various detergents and soaps present possible risks as persistent migratory wettingagents; and until data are at hand to refute the risk potentials, I do not recommend the use of these surfactants asskull-aging aids."

SEXING RAPTORSA method for sexing raptors during the breeding season is published as a General Note in The Auk 88:173-174,

1971. The authors, Frances Hamerstrom and John L. Skinner, describe a procedure for prolapsing the vent whichwas successful in sexing 8 out of 18 birds handled.

NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CHAPTERThe Northern California Chapter of W.B.B.A. officially disbanded on 20 March 1971. Its president, Robert M.

Stewart, informed us that records and minutes will be filed at Point Reyes Bird Observatory, and cash on hand willbe given to W.B.B.A.

ANNUAL REPORTAgain this year, Michael San Miguel has spent many tedious hours in compiling the Annual ,Report. We are

greatly indebted to him and to his two assistants, Shirley Wells and Jay Sheppard. Thanks, too, to the many banderswho responded promptly and carefully to the questionnaire and who made the Annual Report possible.

Although the Report is itemized by state, some banders may wish a further breakdown for some particularspecies. Mr. San Miguel will be happy to provide this information if you will write to him at 610 Greenbank, Duarte,California 91010.

PRESENTATION TO IAN McGREGGORAt the papers session of the recent Annual Meeting, the gull-banders of the Vancouver area presented Ian

McGreggor with a new zoom-lens telescope. Since 1966, Mr. McGreggor has made over 5,000 telescope readings ofgull bands.

l££98euoz!J\t '>jaaJJ al\eJ

91717x08 '0 'd

B30NVH OBIH NB3~S3~

The Western Bird Bander is published four times a year by the Western Bird-Banding Association.Applications for membership should be sent to the Business Manager. Membership classifications are:Active Member, $4.50 per year; Associate Member, $4.50 per year; Student and/or Sub-permittee, $3.50per year; Sustaining Member, $9.00 per year; Life Member, $100.00.








WESTERN BIRD BANDER

EARL BAYSINGER AND BIRD-BANDING by Terry Wahl . . . . . . . 35

A PROPOSED AGE-SEX MANUAL FOR WESTERN BIRDS by Amadeo M. Rea 36

ANALYSIS OF BODY WEIGHTS OF SPRING MIGRANTS INSOUTHERN CALIFORNIA by Charles T. Collins and Richard A. Bradley ..... 38

KEY TO AGE AND SEX DETERMINATION OF VERDINS by George T. Austinand Amadeo M. Rea . . . . . 41

BLACK-CAPPED VIREO IN ARIZONA 42

On 1 May, Earl Baysinger moved from the Bird Banding Laboratory to bigger (and better?) things. W.B.B.A.is sorry to see him leave, and yet of course we wish him well in his new job. We also thank Larry Hood for hiswork as Acting Director and wish George M. Jonkel well as incoming Director of the B.B.L.

Earl's co-operation with banders, his interest in helping us to further our programs, and giving to members ofthe banding associations a perspective of the whole scope of banding have been important. We have had an erawhen banding was recognized not as a "sport" or a "right" but an accepted responsibility assumed by qualifiedstudents.

This is not intended to sound like a eulogy. Indeed, we certainly still have Earl among us banders (hope-fully not among "the rest of us"). We have gained an enthusiastic bander in the ranks of the so-called non-pro-fessionals, who is dedicated to up-grading North American bird-banding.

It was Earl Baysinger who dropped a few bombshells and shook up a generation of banders (starting at aW.B.B.A. annual meeting). We hope his successor will also have the broad picture of banding and its place inornithology, - - not simply a tool for game-bird management but a technique relating to a vast field of ever-moreimportant zoological and environmental research.

It may be timely right now, with the change at the Bird Banding Laboratory, for banders to perform alittle introspection, personally and as regards their banding associations. We banders have to show a serious pur-pose. Trapping, netting, and banding operations may be "fun". Thank heavens for that. But the fun must beviewed as incidental to meaningful results. In this age of ever-tightening budgets, let's make sure our expendituresof bands and data-bank time are intended to count for something. How many of us are simply keeping a life-listof birds banded? If you're Point Reyes Bird Observatory, that's part of the incidental fun; but if that's all we'redoing with our back-yard banding, that's bad news!

Co-operative banding projects between amateurs and professionals could be really purposeful. The benefitsthat biologists could give by way of direction, suggestions, and review of small-scale projects could turn meaning-less efforts into worthwhile information. And drawing together skilled banders on large-scale study efforts, suchas the California transect migration studies now going on, is a way to make field work really useful.

Many professionals realize the need for co-operative efforts, but the banding associations, with their largeproportion of amateurs seem not yet really to have faced this need. And it is from within the associations that

the future direction of amateur banding will have to come, or we face the likelihood that amateur banding willgo "down the tube". We must up-grade our purposes, techniques, and results. We must have increased co-opera-tion among banders of all levels of skill and professionalism to bring about meaningful projects.

As banders, let's each make sure our individual place in the banding program is what it should be. Let'shave fun but keep in mind we're still living down the old "hobby image" of bird-banding that's bad for publicrelations and politically bad for banding's many legitimate uses. Let's also keep in mind that banding isn't anend in itself or a way of life - - it's an extremely useful study tool. (Do you set out to band and then try tojustify the activity, or do you decide to use banding to provide information that you have determined you need?)

The best use of banding will result when well-informed banders, thoroughly versed on the uses, techniques,literature, and cognizance of other bander's studies, are applying this knowledge to their own current research.And that's what the proposed publications merger is all about. As directed by our members, W.B.B.A. is workingon early negotiations of the publications merger. This will be an essential step in elevating our standards throughgetting information to and between banders. (We are introducing improvements on our own, right now, of course;see the Ageing and Sexing inserts starting with this issue of Western Bird Bander.) Individual banders can help getthe publications merger on the way by talking with officers of the various organizations, other banders, BandingLaboratory staff members, and anyone else with pertinent influence.

For some time now, various members of W.B.B.A. have been working out age and sex determination charactersfor birds of the West. These have appeared at intervals in this journal and apparently have been useful to banders.It is my hope, through our combined efforts, to complete criteria for.!!J birds west of the 100· meridian (speciescovered in Peterson's "A Field Guide to Western Birds" published in 1961).

A format is supplied below. Banders who handle sufficient numbers of a species to acquire some expertise arerequested to work their data into this format. People with access to natural history museums should supplementtheir information with measurements and other data from study specimens. Accounts will be edited, printed byphoto-offset, and inserted looseleaf into issues of Western Bird Bander as an added bonus. Each sheet will bear adate and the compiler's name. We would hope to have several species inserts per issue.

As these sheets are used by banders, unclear, difficult, or erroneous portions can be improved and that particu-lar species sheet reissued. When most species have been covered and field-tested, I plan to edit these for the finalversion of the manual, acknowledging all contributors.

Line drawings are often helpful to show age, sex, or diagnostic species characters. More detailed treatment andphotographs may be put into longer articles appearing in Western Bird Bander proper, as we have done in the past.But everything necessary for quick reference should be on the inserts.

Age-sex characters have been worked out for most of the game birds of the United States. Criteria for thefollowing non-game species have appeared in earlier issues of Western Bird Bander: Red-shafted Flicker, theYellow-bellied Sapsucker complex, all U.S. kingbirds, Magpie, Common and Fish Crows, White-necked and CommonRavens, Verdins, Bushtits, House Finches, and species recognition of the Empidonax flycatchers.

It has come to my attention that the following species sheets are in preparation: Turkey Vulture, Goshawk,Sharp-shinned Hawk, Cooper's Hawk, Peregrine Falcon, Sparrow Hawk, Clapper Rail, Bonaparte's Gull, most owls,Yellow-shafted Flicker, Acorn Woodpecker, Pinon and Mexican Jays, Bendire's Thrasher, Orange-crowned Warbler!Yellow-breasted Chat, Red-winged Blackbird, Bullock's Oriole, Boat-tailed Grackle, Brown-headed Cowbird, SummerTanager, Cardinal, Pyrrhuloxia, Black-headed Grosbeak. That still leaves plenty of species to be covered!

The following format is intended to be suggestive rather :than exhaustive, to provide a catalyst for organization.Probably no species sheet will include all these points. However, these are criteria I have drawn up from conferenceswith Charles Collins, Eleanor Radke, and Jay Sheppard.

Common and Scientific Name. (Mayr and Short, 1970*, is recommended for generic and specific names, pendingappearance of the Sixth Edition of the A.O.U. Check-List.)

Specific Characters. Include key characters that will distinguish the species from any other (in any plumage) thatmight be confused with it. Wing formula, tail pattern, measurements, and diagnostic coloration are helpful. Specifyhow any measurements are made, and indicate sample size.

Age Characters. Usually, age must be determined before sex can be ascertained. Is skull pneumatization (erroneous-ly called "ossification") of value, and if so, for how long? Presence, color, and duration of rictal (oral) flanges.Color of soft parts: iris, tarsus, soles, bill (maxilla/mandible), mouth and tongue. Plumage color and pattern. Shapeof tips of primaries, rectrices, upper or under wing coverts, alula, and crissum. Differential wear and fading of these.Molt and retained feathers. Bursa of Fabricus.

Sex Characters. Plumage pattern and color. Measurements (wing, tail, bill length, tarsus). Weight. Soft parts colors.Incubation patch or cloacal protuberance (in one or both sexes?).

Subspecies. Include here only subspecies (races) recognizable in the field, without aid of comparative specimens.Subspecies may be determined by size (Brown-headed Cowbird, Bullock's Oriole, Summer Tanager), pattern (White-crowned Sparrow, sapsuckers), or color (Horned Lark, some jays, Solitary Vireo). Subspecies groups are often use-ful (Northern Flickers, Dark-eyed Juncos, Fox Sparrows, Song Sparrows, Hermit Thrushes). These groups weresometimes considered "species" (albeit artificial) in the past.

References. Include here only references that the serious bander is likely to have available, to which he can turn formore detailed treatment of the species, should your outline prove inadequate for some specimen in hand. It doeslittle good to cite Ridgway, for few banders are fortunate enough to have his scholarly series! But frequently, moredetailed analyses (than possible in the simplified key) can be found in The Auk, The Condor, The Wilson Bulletin,Western Bird Bdnde r, and Bird-Banding.

*Mayr, E. and L.L. Short, 1970. Species taxa of North American birds: a contribution to comparative systematics.Publ. Nuttall Ornith. Club 9: 1-127.

Under the leadership of the Point Reyes Bird Observatory, a program of intensive bird banding was con-ducted during the period of spring migration in 1970. This "Operation Transect" involved a total of eighteenmist-netting stations throughout California which were manned full time during the first ten days in May(Stewart, 1970). Collectively, these stations succeeded in banding 6,124 individuals representing 120 species.This summary involves the data from only one station, located at the Nature Conservancy Sanctuary in MorongoValley, San Bernardino County, California (34' 03' N; 116034' WI. This sanctuary is in a small canyon filledwith a dense growth of riparian woodland surrounded by very dry Sonoran desert conditions. The various mi-grants are attracted to the abundant food and water which acts as a sort of "bird magnet" in the desert. Atotal of 1,184 individual birds were banded in the 9 days from 2 May to 10 May 1970. Each day, the netswere operated from dawn to dusk, representing a total of 140 net-hours per day. The entire net surface areawas approximately 2,880 square feet.

Even with the large numbers of birds banded during this project, the return and recovery rates are so lowthat the actual band-derived information is likely to be insignificant or anecdotal at best. However, the addition-al data on age, sex, weight, wing length, fat stores, and molt which are collected at the time of banding can bea rich source of information useful in many areas of ornithological interest. Prior to the use of mist nets, suchdata on large samples of small passerine birds was only available from the catastrophic destruction of migrants atlighthouses, radio and television towers, and airport ceilometers (Tordoff and Mengel, 1956; Graber and Graber,1962; Johnston and Haines, 1957; Connell, Odum, and Kale, 1960).

In light of the paucity of such information on spring migrants, body weight data are of particular interest.Also, this parameter can be measured quite accurately and with little observer induced variation. Even thoughsome members of a single species may show considerable individual variation, large samples such as those involvedhere allow more detailed analysis and statistical treatment of differences between species or between age or sexcategories of the same species. Previous studies of weight variation of mist-netted birds include those byWoodford and Lovesy, 1958; Murray and Jehl, 1964; and Mueller and Berger, 1966.

METHODS

All birds were captured in standard nylon mist nets. A crew of two to several banders checked the nets onthe average of once every 45 minutes. More frequent checks were made in the cool of the early morning to re-lease captured hummingbirds and also during the hottest parts of the day to avoid undue stress on captured birds.With the exception of the hummingbirds, all birds were fitted with a Fish and Wildlife Service aluminum band,measured, and then released from the banding station located in the canyon. At the time of banding, all birdswere aged and sexed when possible and examined for signs of molt, amount of subcutaneous fat in the furcularregion, and weighed. Body weights were obtained by means of Pesola spring balances and estimated to the near-est tenth of a gram.

RESULTS AND STATISTICAL TREATMENT

The body weight data for 38 species handled in Morongo Valley are summarized in Table 1. For eachspecies or sex where more than four individuals were handled we present, in addition to the mean weight of thesample and range of weights, a value for twice the standard error of the mean. For large samples, the range ofvalues encompassed by the mean plus two standard errors and the mean minus two standard errors approximatesthe 95 percent confidence interval. If two samples have non-overlapping confidence intervals, they can be con-sidered to be statistically significantly different at the 0.05 level, even though the total range of values for thetwo samples may overlap greatly (Simpson, Roe, and Lewontin, 1960:353). This is true in the comparison ofthe weights of male and female Wilson's Warblers (Table 1.). The range of weights for both sexes is very similar(5.7 to 8.9 and 5.4 to 8.6 grams) but the approximated 95 percent confidence intervals (mean plus and minustwice the standard error of the mean) for males is 6.96 to 7.10 grams while for females it is 6.72 to 6.84 gramsand thus non-overlapping. The Student's Hest confirms that this difference is highly significant. In other caseswhere the confidence intervals overlap, or the sample sizes are small, the samples should be tested more rigorous-ly to determine if they are in fact significantly different. In this report all samples were tested by means ofStudent's Hest for differences significantly different at the 0.05 level. Such differences are indicated in Table 1.

(x ±2S_)x

Spotted Sandpiper 1Ladder-backed Woodpecker 1Nuttall's Woodpecker 1Ash-throated Flycatcher 2Hammond's Flycatcher 8Dusky Flycatcher 7Western Flycatcher 19Western Wood Pewee 15Verdin 1Common Bushtit 2Bewick's Wren 3Hermit Thrush 5Swainson's Thrush 143Ruby-crowned Kinglet 2Bell's Vireo 2Solitary Vireo 16Warbling Vireo 64Orange-crowned Warbler 32Nashville Warbler 15Yellow Warbler (Males) 54

(Females) 34Audubon's Warbler 6Black-throated Gray Warbler 2Townsend's Warbler (Males) 10

(Females) 6Hermit Warbler 3MacGillivray's Warbler (Males) 9

(Females) 4Yellowthroat 4Yellow-breasted Chat 14Wilson's Warbler (Males) 274

(Females) 241Hooded Oriole (Female) 1Western Tanager (SY Males) 7

(ASY Males) 16(AHY Females) 4

Summer Tanager (Females) 2Black-headed Grosbeak (Males) 6

(Females) 6Lazuli Bunting 8Pine Siskin 35Lesser Goldfinch (Males) 32

(Females) 20Lawrence's Goldfinch 8White-crowned Sparrow 2Lincoln's Sparrow 6

36.841.038.524.79.46 ± 0.54

10.10 ± 0.7610.03 ± 0.3912.83 ± 0.75

6.85.99.3

22.8 ± 1.5029.02 ± 0.495.98.8

14.44 ± 0.4311.95 ± 0.298.22 ± 0.288.02 ± 0.328.96 ± 0.218.41 ± 0.17

10.43 ± 0.557.99.13 ± 0.548.45 ± 0.358.3

10.33 ± 0.639.70 ± 0.509.5

25.21 ± 1.367.03 ± 0.066.78 ± 0.06

24.526.94 ± 0.8828.92 ± 1.5227.4533.042.47 ± 2.9940.38 ± 1.6413.78 ± 0.7012.95 ± 0.519.09 ± 0.239.21 ± 0.21

10.43 ± 0.4224.117.18 ± 1.10

(23.4 --25.9)( 8.9 --10.9)( 8.6 --11.1)( 8.1 --11.5)(12.4 --15.2)

( 5.7 -- 6.0)( 8.4 -- 9.0)(20.2 --24.1)(23.1 --39.2)( 5.8 -- 6.0)( 8.7 -- 8.9)(12.9 --15.9)( 9.2 --14.9)( 6.5 -- 9.5)( 6.8 -- 9.0)( 8.0 --10.7)] *( 7.5 -- 9.8)( 9.4 --11.1)( 7.9 -- 7.9)( 7.8 --10.2) ] *( 8.0 -- 9.0)( 7.6 -- 9.0)( 9.2 --11.8)( 9.2 --10.3)( 8.3 --10.8)(21.3 --29.0)( 5.7 -- 8.9)] *( 5.4 -- 8.6)

(24.7 --28.5)(24.0 --34.5)(26.0 --29.5)(32.0 --34.0)(35.0 --44.3)(38.5 --43.2)(12.0 --15.2)(10.5 --18.4)( 8.1 --10.9)( 8.2 --10.0)( 9.3 --11.2)(21.2 --27.0)(15.6 --18.8)

*Samples indicated by brackets] were determined to be significantly different at the 0.05 levelby means of Student's t-test.

The use of Student's t-test for the comparison of two sample means and the calculation of this statistic is ex-plained in most standard text books on statistics (for example, Simpson, Roe, and Lewontin, 1960: 172-178).

For several species the sample sizes were large enough to permit an analysis of day to day differences inweight as well as differences correlated with the time of the day. These differences will be considered in greaterdetail in a subsequent issue of Western Bird Bander.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are particularly indebted to the several people who gave so much of their time and energy to operatethis station during the banding period: Michael San Miguel, Jay M. Sheppard, Shirley Wells, Barbara W. Masseyand family, Russell Scalf, David Bradley, Abagail King, and Peppy Van Essen. Without their cooperation thisstudy would not have been possible. We are also grateful to the Nature Conservancy for permission to operatethis banding station in their Big Morongo Valley Sanctuary.

Connell, C.E., E.P. Odum and H. Kale. 1960. Fat-free weights of birds. The Auk, 77:1-9.Graber, R.R. and J.W. Graber. 1962. Weight characteristics of birds killed in nocturnal migration. The Wilson Bulletin, 74:74:88.Johnston, D.W. and T.P. Haines. 1957. Analysis of massbird mortality in October, 1954. The Auk, 74:447-458.Mueller, H.C., and D.O. Berger. 1966. Analyses of weight and fat variations in transient Swainson's Thrushes. Bird-Banding, 37: 83-112.

Murray, B.G., Jr. and J.R. Jehl, Jr. 1964. Weights of autumn migrants from coastal New Jersey. Bird-Banding, 35:253-263.Simpson, G.G., A. Roe and R.C. Lewontin. 1960. Quantitative Zoology. Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc. 44 pgs.

Stewart, R. 1970. Operation transect. Western Bird Bander, 45:40-41.Tordoff, H.B. and R.M. Mengel. 1956. Studies of birds killed in nocturnal migration. Univ. KansasPubl., Mus. Nat. Hist., 10:1-44.

Woodford, J. and F.T. Lovesy. 1958. Weights and measurements of wood warblers at Pelee Island. Bird-Banding, 29: 109-11O.

Scientific names of species mentioned in the text: Spotted Sandpiper (Actitus macularia); Ladder-backed Woodpecker

(Dendrocopos scalaris); Nuttall's Woodpecker (Dendrocopos nuttallii); Ash-throated Flycatcher (Myiarchus cinerascens); Hammond's

Flycatcher (Empidonax hammondii); Dusky Flycatcher (Empidonax oberholseri); Western Flycatcher (Empidonax difficilis); Western

Wood Pewee (Contopus sordidulus); Verdin (Auriparus flaviceps); Common Bushtit (Psaltriparus minimus); Bewick's Wren (Thryomanesbewickii); Hermit Thrush (Hylocichla guttata); Swainson's Thrush (Hylocichla ustulata); Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Regulus calendula);Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii); Solitary Vireo (Vireo solitarius); Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus); Orange-crowned Warbler (Vermivora celata);Nashville Warbler (Vermivora ruficapi/Ia); Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia); Audubon's Warbler (Dendroica auduboni); Black-

throated Gray Warbler (Dendroica nigrescens); Townsend's Warbler (Dendroica townsendi); Hermit Warbler (Dendroica occidentalis);MacGillivray's Warbler (Oporornis tolmiei); Yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas); Yellow-breasted Chat (Icteria virens); Wilson's Warbler

(Wi/sonia pusilla); Hooded Oriole (Icterus cucullatus); Western Tanager (Piranga ludoviciana); Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra); Black-

headed Grosbeak (Pheucticus melanocephalus); Lazuli Bunting (Passerina amoena) Pine Siskin (Spinus pinus); LesserGoldfinch (Spinuspsaltria); Lawrence's Goldfinch (Spinus lawrencei); White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys); Lincoln's Sparrow (Melospizalincolnii).

(Pesola scale used with

black polyethylene bag.)

During examination of about 130 Verdin (Auriparus flavicepsJ skins from Arizona, we have found reliablecharacters for distinguishing age and sex as follows:

1. Head mostly gray or mixed gray (old feathers)and yellow (new feathers)

3. All primaries and greater upper primary coverts ofuniform color.

3'. Several inner primaries and all greater upper primarycoverts retained (i.e., brownish, contrasting with grayouter primaries) .

4. Lesser primary coverts rich brown red (towardsChestnut in Palmer 1962*)

The above key will separate nearly all birds. The incomplete first prebasic molt (from two to five innerprimaries retained and all greater primary coverts) is the basis for separating first year immatures (HY or SY)from adults (AHY or ASY). The retained inner primaries are more worn and faded (browner) than the newer(grayer) distal primaries. Any yellow-headed bird with inner primaries older than any primary distal to them isa bird of the year (HY or SY). Retained primary coverts are rounded, tipped with light brown, and contrastwith the outer primaries.

Theoretically, SY birds are distinguishable until the complete second prebasic molt, although actually allprimaries may become too worn to distinguish old from new ones into the second summer.

In addition to the difference in color of lesser coverts, the proximal (inner) web of these feathers in malesis either entirely red or at least broadly tipped with red; in females the proximal web is gray or narrowly tippedwith red. The sample of juvenal (HY) birds of known sex is small and their sex characters are open torefinement.

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 and Center for Man andEnvironment, Prescott College, Prescott, Arizona 86301

A Black-capped Vireo, banded in Arizona by Charles E. Corchran, was a first record for the state. Mr. Corchranwrote the following details of the banding:

"The Black-capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla), an AHY male, band number 113-01006, was banded04-08-70 at Tanque Verde Guest Ranch, Route 8, Tucson, ·Arizona, at 9: 15 a.m. The Ranch islocated north of the Saguaro National Monument at the foothills of the Rincon Mountains. Co-ordinates for this location are 321-1108. This vireo had a wing measurement of 58mm., a totallength of 112mm., and weighed 8.7 grams. A good quantity of fat on abdomen and breast wasnoted. The typical small vireo bill, glossy black head, wrnte eye-ring with white patch extendingto upper mandible, plus dark olive-green back and two buffy wing bars, made identification noproblem.

"This bird was captured in a mist net, set in a small grove of mesquite, palo verde, and creosotebushes. A free-flowing bird bath was located near this desert growth and the vireo came first tothe water and from there flew into the net. After being banded, it returned twice to the waterwithin thirty minutes and then disappeared. I deeply regret I have no photograph of this beauti-ful small vireo."

(Signed) Charles E. CorchranBox 242Lake Hubert, Minnesota 56459

(We, too, regret the absence of a photograph. A photograph, in addition to a detailed description taken at thetime of capture, enhances the value of such records. The Black-capped Vireo nests as far west as Big BendNational Park in Texas and winters on the west coast of Mexico. Ed.)

William Anderson, 1091 Eyremount Drive, West Vancouver, B.C., Canada

J. Richard Hilton, Box 293, Pacific Palisades, California 90272

Mary P. Lindner, Route 1, Box 10, Hesperus, Colorado 81326

Carroll B. Littlefield, Route 1, Friona, Texas 79035

Dorothy Luther, 4515 Marcy Lane, No. 239, Indianapolis, Indiana 46205

Office of Library Services, Accession Services Division, Acquisition Branch, Washington, D.C. 20240

Ashley J. Owen, 720 Galey Walk, Apt. 106, Goleta, California 93017

Thomas H. Rogers, E. 10820 Maxwell, Spokane, Washington 99206

Stanford University Library, Serials Division, Stanford, California 94305

Charles P. Stone, 12355 West Texas Drive, Lakewood, Colorado 80228

Michael E. Wright, P.O. Box 285, Chico, California 95926

Mrs. Frederic Luther of Indianapolis, Indiana, is making a study of repeats, returns, and recoveries ofPileated Woodpeckers. Anyone having such information is requested to send it to Mrs. Luther at 4515 MarcyLane, Indianapolis, Indiana 46205.

Brown Pelican. No. 519-68174. Banded by Denver Wildlife Research Center personnel in Baja California on30 June 1970. Recovered in Ajo, Arizona, on 12 October 1970.

Red-footed Booby. No. 757-85507. Banded by the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife on Manana Island,Oahu, Hawaii, in August 1969. Recovered on Mejit Island in the Marshall Islands in April 1970, a dis-tance of approximately 2,100 miles.

Ferruginous Hawk. No. 597-94488. Banded by John W. Flavin at White Butte, South Dakota, on 6 July 1967.Recovered at EI Salvador, Zacatecas, Mexico, on 24 April 1968.

Dunlin. No. 67-193801*. Banded by David W. Norton at Barrow, Alaska, on 19 June 1969. Recovered atStarodubsk, Dolinskii District, U.S.S.R. (47"27'N - 142°49'E) on 17 October 1969.

Dunlin. No. 72-191708*. Banded by David W. Norton at Barrow, Alaska, on 15 July 1968. Recovered atlazarev Cape, Nikolaev District, U.S.S.R. (52° 13'N - 141°28'E) on 28 October 1969.

California Gull. No. 605-14374. Banded by louis M. Moos at Ocean lake, Wyoming, on 11 June 1964. Re-covered at Calgary, Alberta, Canada, on 3 June 1970.

Great Horned Owl. No. 508-54745. Banded by John W. Flavin at Sanger, California, on 27 March 1965. Re-covered in Sanger, California on 25 March 1970.

Clark's Nutcracker. No. 623-33454. Trapped and banded by Genevieve Delong at Hallowell Park, RockyMountain N.P., Colorado, on 9 August 1962. Netted by Allegra Collister at Bear lake, R.M.N.P., Colorado,on 27 August 1970.

Starling. No. 723-31014. Banded by W.C. Royall, Jr., at Grimes, California on 26 November 1963. Recoveredat Chilliwack, B.C., Canada, on 4 March 1970.

Starling. No. 763-26165. Banded by W.C. Royall, Jr., at Pittsburg, California, on 27 October 1964. Recovered9 miles north of Conrad, Montana, on 5 March 1970.

laysan Albatross. No. 39-716433. Banded as a breeding bird on Midway Island on 7 December 1939 and wasprobably 7 years old at that time. The bird was therefore at least 38 years old when recaptured onMidway Island on 10 December 1970 by Vernon Kleen of Southern Illinois University. Reported byBureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Kailua, Hawaii.

Sparrow Hawk. No. 653-42761. Banded by Jay M. Sheppard as a U-F at Wilmington, California, on 19 Decem-ber 1965. Returned 6 December 1970. (No previous returns)

Dunlin. No. 74-153059*. Banded by David W. Norton at Barrow, Alaska, on 20 July 1969. Returned 4 June1970. This bird was an experimental chick, subjected to low temperatures as an embryo, survived treat-ment, and returned to breed in 1970. (0)

Poorwill. No. 72-178395. Banded by Barbara McKnight at Eagle Peak, Tularosa Mountains, Catron County,New Mexico, on 31 May 1969. Returned 24 May 1970. (0)

Yellow·bellied Sapsucker. No. 65-151927. Banded by Denver Wildlife Research Center personnel 8 miles northof Florissant, Colorado, on 3 June 1969. Returned on 9 August 1970. (0)

Orange-crowned Warbler. No. 114-77835. Banded by Allegra Collister at longmont, Colorado, on 4 October1967. Returned 9 October 1970. (0)

Yellow·breasted Chat. No. 107-000007. Banded by Allegra Collister at longmont, Colorado, on 3 September1967. Returned on 15 September 1970. (0)

White-crowned Sparrow. No. 31·178905. Banded by Emerson A. Stoner at Benecia, California, on 2 December1964. Returned on 15 December 1970. (?)

Golden-crowned Sparrow. No. 31-179464. Banded by Walton A. Smith at Gray lodge Wildlife Area nearGridley, California, on 21 December 1961. Returned 16 December 1970. (0)

Leach's & Fork-tailedPetrel, Black Oyster-catcher, Common Murre,Ancient Murrelet,Cassin's Auklet,Rhinoceros Auklet,Tufted Puffi n

Great Blue Heron

red, yellow, green,blue, white

radio transmitterwing tag

red, orange, green, bluewhite, black, purple

red, yellow, green, bluewhite, black

red, orange, yellow, green,blue, white, violet

yellow

leg band

leg band red, orange, yellow, green,blue, white, purple

red, yellow, green, white,black

leg bandleg streamer

red, silver (Wyoming)yellow, orange (Wyoming);

green, blue (Oregon)red, orange, yellow, greenred, orange, green, blue,

white, black, purple

dyeleg band

Lark Sparrow, leg bandOregon Junco,White-crowned Sparrow,Golden-crownedSparrow

Black-chinned Sparrow leg band

red, yellow, green, blue,white, black

McCown's & leg bandChestnut-sidedLongspurs

red, orange, yellow, green,blue, white, violet

red, orange, green, blue,white, black, purple

Willapa N.W.R.,Mr. G.A. Devan,Ilwaco, Washington 98624

Dr. Mary M. Erickson,Dept. BioI. Sc., Univ. of California,Santa Barbara, California 93106

Dale Witt, Montana Dept. Fish & Game,Box 482, Fairfield, Montana 59436

Dr. Stanley Harris, Humboldt St. College,Div. Nat. Res., Arcata, California 95521

Philip D. Creighton, Dept. of Zoology, C.S.U.,Fort Collins, Colorado 80521

Dr. L. Richard Mewaldt, Avian Bioi. Lab.,San Jose St. Coli., San Jose, Calif. 95114

J. David Ligon, Dept. Biology, U.N.M.,Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106

John W. Anderson, 2509 Sierra Blvd.,Sacramento, California 95825

Donald E. Kroodsma, 1403 Alta Vista Dr., N.W.,Corvallis, Oregon 97330

Donald E. Kroodsma (address above)

Bruce E. Deuel, Route 13, Box 605,Tucson, Arizona 85705

Shirley Wells, 30443 La Vista Verde,San Pedro, California 90732

Dr. Richard O. Hayes, Arboviral DiseaseSec.,USPHS, P.O. Box 551,Fort Collins, Colorado 80521

W;C. Royall, Jr., D.W.R.C.,Bldg. 16, Federal Center,Denver, Colorado 80225

Philip D. Creighton(addressabove)

Dr. L. Richard Mewaldt(address above)

J. David Ligon(address above)

Philip D. Creighton(address above)

The following changes should be made to the 1970 Annual Report as published in the April 1971 issue ofWestern Bird Bander:

(a) Those bandings credited to L. Richard Mewaldt were done by the personnel of the Avian Biology Lab-oratory, San Jose State College.

(b) The 16 Ground Doves reported as banded in Colorado-Wyoming were instead banded in Arizona. Thehigh individual total of 15 should have been credited to S.M. Russell.

George M. Jonkel, formerly in the land acquisition program of the Fish and Wildlife Service in South Dakota,will succeed Earl B. Baysinger as Director of the B.B.L. Mr. Jonkel's Master's Degree from the University of Montanawas awarded for Chukar studies. He has been a bander for several years, is a member of the A.O.U., and has beenactive in a raptor preservation association.

Over 200 Greater Sandhill Cranes (Crus canadensis)have been banded and color-marked during 1969 and 1970on their breeding grounds in Idaho, Montana, Utah, andWyoming.

A 1Y:," X 3" Herculite tag was placed on one leg,above the tibio-tarsal joint, while a larger 3" x 3" tag wasplaced on the other leg. The small tag may be a solid red,orange, yellow, green, blue, or white. The larger tag maybe a solid color or a bicolor combination of red/white,blue/white, blue/yellow, green/white, yellow/white,red/blue, or red/orange.

Please report size (large or small) and color of tag oneach leg, date, location, and number of cranes in the flock.Observations should be sent to (1) Idaho Cooperative Wild-life Research Unit, c/o Rod Drewien or Elwood Bizeau,University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83843; or (2) GraysLake National Wildlife Refuge, c/o Russell Hoffman,Refuge Manager, Soda Springs, Idaho 83276.

This season Point Reyes Bird Observatory started color-banding Western Gulls and Pelagic and Brandt'sCormorant chicks. Each year's chicks will be given a specific color. This year's chicks have yellow bands on theleft leg. In 1972, chicks will have blue bands; 1973, white; and 1974, green bands.

When these birds return to the Islands as adults they will then be birds of known age for the study of age-specific behavior and productivity. Hopefully these birds will also be sighted, and reported, away from the Islands.Those data will show the pattern and timing of dispersal away from the Islands relative to age.

We would appreciate receiving reports of sightings of these birds giving species, date, and place. In the pastwe have had band recoveries of Farallon birds all along the Pacific Coast from Seattle to San Diego, includingmany in the San Francisco Bay Area. Sightings of color-banded birds will help to fill the gaps in these data.

L££9Seuozp'v' '>taaJ~ al\~9vv xOS'O"d

U30NVO aUlD NH3~S~£

The Western Bird Bander is published fqur times a year by the Western Bird-Banding Association.Applications for membership should be sent to the Business Manager. Membership classifications are:Active Member, $4.50 per year; Associate Member, $4.50 per year; Sustaining Member, $9.00 per year;Life Member, $100.00.








WESTERN BIRD BANDER

FROM THE PRESIDENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 47

ANALYSIS OF BODY WEIGHTS OF SPRING MIGRANTS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA:PART II by Charles T. Collins and Richard A. Bradley . . . . . . . . . 48

APPLICATION OF AN ANALYSIS OF WING LENGTH IN SWAINSON'S THRUSHby Robert M. Stewart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

THE FIRST RETURN AND RECOVERY OF WHITE-THROATED SWIFTSby Charles T. Collins . . 54

RETURNS AND RECOVERIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

The officers of the Western Bird Banding Association have voted to accept the offer of Jim Anderson to host the1972 annual meeting at Sun River, near Bend, Oregon, on 10-11 June. The setting, season, and program possibilitieslook both pleasurable and exciting. Put the date on your calendar - - we'll have advance details in the next issueof Western Bird Bander. It's only October now, but that Eastern Oregon sunshine feels good already. (Well, atleast the weather should be better than during our '71 meeting!)

Another item of business is the enclosure with this issue of 1972 membership renewal notices. Your response earlythis year with renewals and further financial assistance was very gratifying and kept Western Bird Bander going outin quality fashion. We are solvent and figure to remain so with prompt membership renewals. Please attend tothis as soon as possible - - WBBA saves further expense if we don't have to write follow-up requests. You canassist your association, too, by promoting memberships for all banders, sub-permittees, and libraries. Thanks foryour help.

Fifteen Ospreys and five Great Blue Herons, fledged in the Coeur d'Alene and Pend Oreille watersheds ofIdaho during 1971, were banded and color-marked with yellow plastic jesses attached to the left leg. Personssighting birds so marked are requested to notify Donald R. Johnson, Department of Biology, University of Idaho,Moscow, Idaho 83843.

ANALYSIS OF BODY WEIGHTS OF SPRING MIGRANTS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA: PART II

Charles T. Collins and Richard A. Bradley

From 2 May to 10 May 1970 a program of intensive banding of spring migrants was conducted in MorongoValley, San Bernardino County, California. During this period a total of 1,184 birds was banded, weighed, andmeasured. A description of the site and methods as well as a summary of the body weight data collected duringthis period were presented in part one of this paper (Collins and Bradley, 1971). This portion of the paper pre-sents a more detailed statistical treatment of the weight data for the several species for which there were largeenough sample sizes. Particular attention is given to daily weight fluctuations as well as day to day differences.

Wilson's Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla).This warbler was the most abundant migrant trapped, making up 525 (44%) of the 1,184 total individuals

banded. It was shown earlier (Collins and Bradley, 1971: Table 1) that, although the total range of body weightsof the two sexes overlap, the mean weight of the males is significantly larger than that of the females, as indicatedby Student's t-test (see part one for explanation of statistical tests used).

These same data were then separated according to time of capture into four daily time periods for each sex.These were: period 1,06:00 to 09:00 (Pacific Daylight time); period 2, 09:00 to 12:00; period 3, 12:00 to 15:00;and period 4, 15:00 to 18:00. As sunrise and sunset were approximately 05:52 and 19:33 respectively, few if anybirds were caught prior to 06 :00 or after 18:00. As shown in Figure 1, both male and female Wilson's Warblerstended to be heavier in the late afternoon (period 4) than in the morning. The males especially showed a significantincrease in body weight from periods 1 and 2 to periods 3 and 4. In the females, where the increase during thistime was not as striking, the difference between period 1 and period 4 is also significant. There are two possibleexplanations. First of all, it could represent a difference between the weight of nocturnal migrants arriving at thestudy site early each day and other individuals, temporarily resident in the study area, largely captured later in theday. This hypothesis seems rather artificial, particularly since the small sample of Wilson's Warblers recaptured onsubsequent days shows a similar increase in weight during the day. A much more reasonable explanation is that thepopulation of Wilson's Warblers as a whole does fluctuate in mean body weight, losing weight during the night andgradually gaining it back during the day. It is important to remember that the actual change in weight is only amatter of a few tenths of a gram. When metabolic data become available, it would be interesting to compare thecalculated nightly weight loss with the expected rate of fat utilization during these hours. It should be noted, how-ever, that in a resident species, the Lesser Goldfinch (Spinus psaltria), no such daily increase in body weight wasfound.

The body weight data for both sexes of Wilson's Warbler were divided into daily samples to show the extentof day to day variation. The results of this analysis are shown in Table 2. The daily variations appear to be greatuntil one considers- the small sample sizes involved. It is possible that these daily variations could represent asampling error or a nonrandom distribution of birds with respect to the time of capture during the day. However,a comparison of the magnitude and direction of daily changes of the males with that for the females shows a strongsimilarity. Thus, it is more likely that the daily fluctuations are real and represent differences in food supply, weatherconditions, or other related factors. More study is necessary before the relative importance of these individual fac-tors can be determined.

Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia).A total of 91 Yellow Warblers was banded for which there is weight data for only 88. The data for this species

also show a significant difference between the sexes, with males being heavier than the females (Collins and Bradley1971: Table 1). When the data are separated by time periods as for Wilson's Warblers (Figure 1), there seems to bea slight increase from periods 1 and 2 to periods 3 and 4, but it is not statistically significant. The data were alsovery unevenly distributed with 58% of the birds being captured on only two of the nine days and only a few, ornone, on the remaining days. The available data on day to day variations in body weight in this species are present-ed in Table 2.

Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus).Of the 66 Warbling Vireos banded, 44 (67%) were captured on 4 May. This uneven distribution of the data

made analysis of daily fluctuations unrealistic. However, when the data are separated into the four daily time peri-

A 9 B 9

8 8

wi wiE 7 E 7Gl Gl

48 3486 67 346 6

10610139

5 5

2 3 4 2 3 4

time time

c 01111

10 10

wi wiE 9 E 9Gl Gl

138 8

2115 14

7 72 3 4 2 3 4lime time

E F15

40

3613

,.;viE E 32Gl

'"1128

1912

2820

24 8' 169

2 3 4 2 3 4lime time

Figure 1. Daily variations in body weight: A. Wilson's Warbler, males; B. Wilson's Warbler,females; C. Yellow Warbler, males; D. Yellow Warbler, females; E. Warbling Vireo; F. Swain-son's Thrush. The vertical line represents the sample range and the horizontal line the samplemean. The open square indicates two standard errors on either side of the mean. The sub-script indicates the number of individuals in each sample. For an explanation of the timeperiods, see the text.

2 May 3 May 4 May 5 May 6 May 7 May 8 May 9 May 10 May

Wilson's 7.16 ± 0.38a 7.25 ± 0.20 7.00 ± 0.12 6.99 ± 0.15 7.01 ± 0.14 6.83 ± 0.18 6.82 ± 0.19 7.37 ± 0.26 7.27 ± 0.32Warbler 6.3 - 7.9b 6.5 - 8.0 6.0 - 8.7 5.8 - 8.9 6.0 - 7.9 6.4 - 7.5 6.0 - 7.4 5.7 - 8.3 6.6 - 7.8(Males) 9c 18 82 63 36 19 18 21 9

Wilson's - 7.00 ± 0.18 6.71 ± 0.08 6.67 ± 0.12 6.83 ± 0.10 6.63 ± 0.23 6.69 ± 0.19 7.10 ± 0.28 6.93 ± 0.23Warbler - 6.8 - 7.6 6.1 - 7.1 5.4 - 7.7 6.2 - 7.7 5.5 - 7.1 5.8 - 7.8 6.2 - 8.6 6.0 - 7.9(Females) - 9 40 59 54 15 25 22 15

Yellow - - 9.25 ± 0.44 8.65 ± 0.31 8.76 ± 0.77 8.83 ± 0.33 8.87 ± 0.82 9.3 -

Warbler - - 8.1 - 10.5 7.5 - 10.6 7.7 - 9.7 8.5 - 9.0 8.1 - 9.5 8.9 - 9.7 -(Males) - - 10 22 5 3 3 2 -

Yellow - - 8.60 ± 0.35 8.41 ± 0.30 8.50 ± 0.64 8.10 ± 0.58 8.4 - 8.65 ± 0.45Warbler - - 8.0 - 9.2 7.7 - 9.8 7.9 - 9.4 8.0 - 9.0 - - 8.0 - 9.0(Females) - - 6 14 4 5 1 - 4

Swainson's 25.57 ± 1.96 - 29.64 ± 1.11 30.95 ± 0.83 28.49 ± 1.31 27.29 ± 1.52 28.55 ± 1.18 27.93 ± 1.23 27.88 ± 1.17Thrush 23.6 - 29.9 - 26.8 - 33.0 24.5 - 39.2 24.1 - 32.0 24.5 - 30.0 23.1 - 34.2 24.3 - 32.5 24.0 - 33.0

6 - 12 44 15 8 24 18 16

a. Mean weight in grams ± twice standard error of mean.b. Range of values in sample.c. Number of individuals in sample.

ods (Figure 1), the birds weighed during periods 3 and 4 were significantly heavier than those captured during peri-od 1. Again, as for the Wilson's Warblers, the data suggest that the birds gradually gain weight during the day.

Swainson's Thrush (Hylocichla ustulata).This species is the second most commonly caught migrant at the Morongo Valley station. A total of 143 in-

dividuals was weighed, but their daily numbers were much less consistant than those for Wilson's Warblers. Infact no individuals were banded on 3 May; while 44, or nearly one third of the Swainson's Thrushes in the totalsample, were netted on 5 May. Since we were unable to determine the sex externally, no comparison betweenmales and females could be made. Following the pattern of analysis of the Wilson's Warblers, the data were sepa-rated into four daily time catagories. As was also true of the migrant Yellow Warblers and resident Lesser Gold-finches, there was no significant change in body weight between thrushes captured in the morning and those cap-tured during the other parts of the day (Figure 1). The weight data was then grouped according to the day of cap-ture, but the sample sizes were so small on some days that no definite conclusions can be drawn (Table 2).

A large number of Swainson's Thrushes were recaptured from one to several times durmg the banding opera-tions. This made it possible for us to compare our results with those of Mueller and Berger (1966) based on fallmigrants in Wisconsin. These workers found that, "recaptured Swainson's Thrushes ... showed little change inweight on the day of banding, a decrease on the day after banding, and an increase on the second day after bandingwhich brought the birds back to approximately their weight at the time of banding." The results of the currentstudy are shown in Table 3. Although the sample sizes are too small for any statistical analysis, they do seem

TABLE 3. CHANGE IN BODY WEIGHT OF RECAPTURED SWAINSON'S THRUSHES

Original Same Day 1 Day 2 Days 3 Days 4 Days 5 DaysCapture Recapture Later Later Later Later Later

Mean 26.93 27.50 26.30 28.37 29.75 28.83 30.15Weight (gm.)

Sample 22 8 14 8 4 4 2Size

consistant with Mueller and Berger's findings. The difference between the weight at the time of the original captureand one day later is -0.63 grams; Mueller and Berger found a similar difference of -0.67 grams. This situation willbe considered in more detail in future studies when additional data are available.

SUMMARY

In this study, weight data are analyzed for four common spring migrants. The data for two of the speciesshowed a statistically significant increase in weight of birds capt.ured in the late afternoon as compared with thosecaptured in the early morning. In Wilson's Warblers this trend was shown to be greater in males than in females.Day to day differences were also noted and believed to be related to unidentified minor changes in environmentalconditions during the study period. Migrant Yellow Warblers and Swainson's Thrushes and resident Lesser Gold-finches did not show a significant change in weight during the day. Recapture data for Swainson's Thrushes in-dicated a temporary weight loss immediately after capture, followed by a recovery and subsequent weight gainsimilar to that noticed in a previous study of this species during fall migration.

Collins, C.T. and R.A. Bradley 1971. Analysis of body weights of spring migrants in Southern Californlb. Western Bird Bander,46: 38-40.

Mueller, H.C. and D.O. Berger 1966. Analyses of weight and fat variations in transient Swainson's Thrushes. Bird Banding 37: 83-112.

INTRODUCTION

The Swainson's Thrush (Hylocichla ustalata ustalata) breeds from southeastern Alaska through coastalBritish Columbia, western Washington, and western Oregon to southern and western California west of the Cascadesand Sierra Nevada (American Ornithologists' Union. 1957. Check-list of North American Birds.). During migrationthe sexes of H.u. ustalata cannot be readily distinguished. However, by comparing the mean wing lengths ofSwainson's Thrushes taken from museum skins and those taken in the field, I suggest that individuals caught inmist nets in California during the period 1-13 May 1970 were predominantly males.

METHODS

The wing chord (unflattened) of 100 male and 51 female Swainson's Thrushes, from the collection at theMuseum of Vertebrate Zoology of the University of California at Berkeley, was measured with dial calipers tothe nearest one-tenth of a millimeter. The results were then rounded to the nearest whole millimeter. Meanwing lengths were calculated for Swainson's Thrushes captured in northern and southern California during thespring 1970 Operation Transect.

RESULTS

As expected, there is a significant difference between the mean wing lengths of male and female Swainson'sThrushes (Fig. 1). In order to find out if there was any difference in mean wing length of males in variousparts of the breeding range, I calculated separately the mean for birds taken in June or July in Alaska, BritishColumbia, Oregon, and California. There was virtually no difference in mean wing lengths of males in thesebreeding areas (Table 1).

The mean wing lengths of all Swainson's Thrushes captured in mist nets at selected stations during the1970 spring transect are shown in Table 2. The mean wing length calculated from this field data was 95.9 mm,which is virtually the same as that calculated from museum skins (96.0 mm). This strongly suggests that theindividual Swainson's Thrushes captured in early May 1970 from the Mexican Border to Sacramento were pre-dominantly males.

In May of 1971, nets were run daily at the Wool Ranch in Milpitas. The mean wing length of Swainson'sThrushes from 1-11 May was 94.8 mm suggesting that, as in 1970, individuals caught during that time were pre-dominantly males (Table 3). From 22-31 May, the mean wing length was 92.4 mm, suggesting that most ofthese individuals were females.

Until a better method is found to distinguish the sexes of Swainson's Thrushes, the use of mean winglength suggests that males migrate before females in California during the spring.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to the following persons for data taken in the field: Jon Atwood, Leo Best, Gerry and DavidBlume, William Clow, Virginia Coughran, L10yda Cowley, David DeSante, David O'Keefe, Richard Scheible, TomTaylor, and Peter Ward. Special thanks to L. Richard Mewaldt and his students at the Wool Ranch who allowedme to use their wing length data taken in 1970 and 1971.

101

100

99

98

97(J)a:wI-

96w:E...J...J

:E 95z:J:I-

94C)zW...J

C) 93z3:

92

91

90

89

Figure 1. Wing Length of Swainson's Thrush.Horizontal line represents the mean; wideverticle bar represents the 95% confidencelimits of the sample.

Table 1. Mean Wing Length (mm)Male Swainson's Thrushes

Area Number Mean

Alaska 12 96.7British Columbia 21 95.8Oregon 20 96.1California 17 96.4

Table 2. Mean Wing Length (mm)of Swainson's ThrushesCaptu red 4-13 May 1970.

Southern California Number Mean

San Diego 35 95.6Duarte 24 97.2Brock Ranch 49 94.6- --

Total 108 95.5

Northern California

Wool Ranch (Milpitas) 92 95.9Sacramento 12 98.0Knight's Ferry 28 97.2S.F. Watershed 22 95.8- --

Total 154 96.3- --

Grand Total 262 95.9

Table 3. Mean Wing Length (mm)of Swainson's Thrushesat Wool Ranch in 1971.

Date Number Mean

May 1-11 49 94.8May 12-21 57 93.3May 22-31 91 92.4

THE FIRST RETURN AND RECOVERY OF WHITE-THROATED SWIFTS

Charles T. Collins

Even with the development of a new technique for capturing them (Collins, Western Bird Bander, 46 (1971):6-7), less than 100 individuals of the White-throated Swift (Aeronautes saxatalis) have been banded to date. In con-sidering this, it is perhaps not unexpected that the Bird Banding laboratory has listed no returns or recoveries forthis species. It was therefore with some surprise that I received a recovery notification from the Bird Banding labor-atory and a bit later was able to retrap a previously banded individual. The details are given below.

The swift that was recovered was one of four banded on 2 July 1969 at my main study area on the southwestside of the Palos Verdes Peninsula, los Angeles County, California. At that time it was undergoing molt of theprimaries and was classified as AHY-U. According to the recovery form this bird (#612-85938) was recovered inSan Pedro, los Angeles County, California (about 5 miles northeast of the site of banding) on 16 June 1970. Theencoded information on the form also indicated that the bird had been "caught by hand" and that the band hadbeen removed and the bird was presumably alive. It had been reported by a state or federal employee, and a SanPedro local address was given. Some careful sleuthing by Shirley Wells who lives in San Pedro clarified this a bit.The bird had been "found" in the backyard of a private residence in San Pedro and turned in to the local animalshelter (the address given on the recovery form) where the band was removed and the bird apparently released. Theband was sent to the Pasadenaoffice of the U.S.F. & W. Service, which forwarded it to the Bird Banding laboratory.We could obtain no further details as to how the bird was first obtained, whether it was sick or injured, and if sohow it was able to be released. Although the round-about circumstances of its recovery are impressive, the distancetraveled is not, being well within the presumed daily feeding range of birds from the study colony.

During the banding operations in the summer of 1969, several swifts were handled more than once, but in eachcase the time interval involved was only a few days to a few weeks. However, on 28 February 1971 in Painted Can-yon, a desert canyon a few miles northeast of the Salton Sea,1 trapped a single swift emerging from a roosting cleftin the rocky canyon wall. This bird (#612-85986), in worn plumage but showing no signs of molt, was one of threethat had been banded at the same locality on 8 March 1970. This bird weighed 30.5 grams when initially capturedin 1970 and 31.5 grams when recaptured in 1971. On both occasions it was captured in the morning when emergingfrom a nocturnal roosting site. On both occasions it was recorded as having two abnormal white feathers in theanterior part of the crown on the left side. Such albinistic feathers have been noticed in many other species ofswifts. The band, a specially trimmed down size 2, showed substantial signs of abrasion due to contact with therock surface of the roosting and nesting sites. The bands from swifts captured after periods of several years mayprove to be all but illegible due to such wear.

Further banding of these swifts will presumably result in additional return and recovery information and hope-fully they will contribute more significant information to the study of these fascinating birds.

An adult White-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta carolinensis) was trapped and banded at the feeding station ofInez Baker in longmont, Colorado, on 28 January 1962. More than nine years later, on 31 March 1971, thisbird (#63-68470) was found dead in longmont following a severe storm, approximately one mile from the placeof banding.

It appears that the bird was at least ten years old, quite possibly a record for this species, and certainly anunusual age for a small wild bird.

The White-breasted Nuthatch is resident in Colorado, nesting commonly in the mountains to 10,000' eleva-tion and less commonly on the plains (Bailey and Niedrach, Birds of Colorado, 1965). This may have been awintering individual that had made the short altitudinal migration from the mountains, or it may have nestedeach year in the longmont area.

Violet-green Swallow. No. 74-23793. Banded at Point Reyes Bird Observatory, California, on 24 June 1967.Returned on 15 July 1970. (No previous returns.)

Gray Jay. No. 813-42696. Banded by Richard McP. Brown at Crater Lake National Park, Oregon, on 22 Jan-uary 1968. Returned on 27 May 1970.

White-breasted Nuthatch. No. 105-175801. Banded by Sid Martin at Helena, Montana, on 13 June 1967.Found in bluebird box 14 June 1968, 7 eggs; 13 June 1969, 7 eggs; 12 June 1970, 6 eggs.

Mountain Bluebird. No. 31-134298. Banded by Jay M. Sheppard as AHY-F in Maricopa, California, on 8 Feb-ruary 1969. Returned 6 February 1970 and 6 February 1971.

Black-headed Grosbeak. No. 61-181078. Banded by Merlin L. Killpack at Ogden, Utah, on 11 March 1966. Re-turned on 12 JuIy 1970 (3).

Song Sparrow. No. 31-110148. Banded by George E. Hudson, 8 miles northwest of Pullman, Washington, on17 August 1962. Recaptured on 4 March 1970 (0).

White Pelican. No. 519-48786. Banded by George G. Merrick at Crump Lake, Oregon, on 21 June 1969. Re-covered at Tlapa, Guerrero, Mexico, on 16 October 1969.

Canada Goose. No. 528-79381. Banded 5 miles east of Alaganik, Alaska, on 24 July 1960. Recovered atBaskett Slough N.W.R., Dallas, Oregon, on 19 February 1970.

Canada Goose. No. 528-79594. Banded 5 miles east of Alaganik, Alaska, on 22 July 1960. Recovered atBaskett Slough N.W.R., Dallas, Oregon, on 17 January 1970.

Red-tailed Hawk. No. 667-95016. Banded by George G. Merrick at Bend, Oregon, on 11 May 1968. Recovered6 miles east of Bend on 30 April 1970.

Yellow-bellied Sapsucker. No. 107-105664. Banded at Point Reyes Bird Observatory, California, on 2 October1968. Recovered at Springfield, Oregon, on 3 June 1970.

Robin. No. 722-97374. Banded by Emerson Stoner at Beneda, California, on 18 January 1969. Recovered atMayne Island, B.C., on 29 July 1970.

Warbling Vireo. No. 117-18775. Banded at Point Reyes Bird Observatory, California, on 5 May 1969. Shot atMocorito, Sinaloa, Mexico, on 17 January 1970.

Yellow-headed Blackbird. No. 712-95523. Banded at Ruby Lake N.W.R., Nevada, on 27 April 1968. Recoveredat Picacho, Arizona, on 26 February 1970.

Common Grackle. No. 663-67868. Banded by Allegra Collister at Longmont, Colorado on 22 June 1963. Re-covered by Phil Branch at Longmont on 3 December 1970.

Brown-headed Cowbird. No. 662-58288. Banded by W.C. Royall, Jr., at Phoenix, Arizona, on 8 February 1966.Recovered at La Verkin, Utah, on 1 June 1970.

VERBAIL POLE TRAPS. For the harmless capture of hawks and owls. $7.00 each, postpaid. Extra bow witheach order of 3. Only 12 available; no longer manufactured.

FIBERGLAS PARABOLAS. 18" diameter. For use with tape recorders to record bird songs. Instructions in-cluded upon request. $25.00 each, postpaid. Colors include clear, green, gold, and gray; pleasegive two choices.

radio transmitterpaint and/or dye on

lower wing plumageleg band

red, yellow, green,black

green, white, black

Louis M. Moos,712 South 13th Avenue,Bozeman, Montana 59715

Dr. Stephen M. Russell, Dept. Bioi. Sc.,Univ. of Ariz., Tucson, Az. 85721

Dr. Andrew J. Berger, Dept. Zool., Univ. ofHawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822

Dr. Stephen M. Russell(address above)

Ariz. Coop. W.R.U., Univ. of Ariz.,Tucson, Arizona 85721

Dr. Howard L. Cogswell,1548 East Avenue,Hayward, California 94541

Sooty Tern &Brown Noddy

Long-eared &Short-eared Owls

Band-tailed Pigeon

red, yellow, orange,green

green, white, black

Chestnut-backedChickadee &Plain Titmouse

red, orange, green,white

red, yellow, green,blue, pink

Otis D. Swisher of Medford, Oregon, included with his Annual Report questionnaire the reports of the firstbandings of Black Phoebes (Sayornis nigricans), the first Blue-gray Gnatcatchers (Polisptila caerulea), the firstBlack-chinned Sparrow (Spizella atrogularis), and the first Harris' Sparrow (Zonotrichia querula) for Oregon.

Mr. Swisher commented: The Black Phoebes were one pair of two known pairs which nested on bridgesover the Applegate River, 15 miles west of Medford. These were the only known Oregon nesting sites in 1970.

The two Blue-gray Gnatcatchers, a male and a female, were banded on Roxy Ann Butte, three miles east ofMedford. They later paired with other birds to make a part of four known pairs which nested on, or at the baseof, this butte.

The female Black-chinned Sparrow, in breeding condition, was also banded at Roxy Ann Butte. She wasone of a pair that eventually fledged at least one young, - - 200 miles, or more, north of the usual breedingrange.

Although several Harris' Sparrows have been collected in the past, this bird (an immature) was the onlyknown Oregon banding. This species is seen at feeders in various parts of the state on rare occasions.

John W. Anderson, 2716 Northglen St., Sacramento, California 95833Howard Bailey, 2125 Eaton Ave., San Carlos, California 94070Richard Bradley, 2209 Via Pacheco, Palos Verdes Estates, California 90274Dr. Michael J. Erpino, Department of Biology, Chico State College, Chico, California 95926Donald R. Johnson, 1132 East "E" St., Moscow, Idaho 83843Robert M. McKenzie, Jr., Department of Biology, California State College, Long Beach, California 90801Brian J. Walton, 381Y2 Piney Way, Morro Bay, California 93442Arthur Wiseman, 2073 Harrison Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio 45214Jerry Wooding, Colorado Rocky Mountain School, Carbondale, Colorado 81623

PHOTODUPLICATE FILE

After we had published a note telling about the Rare Bird Photographic Files at Point Reyes Bird Observa-tory and at the University of Arizona, R. Wayne Campbell wrote to us pointing out that the Vertebrate Museumof the University of British Columbia a.lso maintains such a file. Mr. Campbell, who is Curator of the museum,wrote that their Photoduplicate File will handle 35 mm slides and prints not exceeding 4 x 6 inches.

Photos of rare British Columbia birds or other vertebrates should be sent to Mr. Campbell at the VertebrateMuseum, Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, B.C. They should be accompaniedby the following information: species (English and Latin names), date, exact locality, photographer, address, re-marks. Each contributor will receive an annual report of photographic records obtained. The file records will beavailable to anyone wishing to use them.

Donald Payne of Eugene, Oregon, sent us data on a band found (along with the foot, tarsus, and some ten-dons) at a lake near timberline on Middle Sister Mountain, Oregon. The Bird Banding Laboratory reported thatband no. 496-55888 was placed on a fledgling American Widgeon approximately seven miles west of Courval,Sasketchewan, on 6 August 1951. The band was recovered eighteen years later on 3 August 1969.

Two more dates remain on the 1971 schedule of banding trips to the Red Rock Banding Area near Tucson.Volunteers are welcome.

On 20 November, the group will depart from the old Biological Sciences Building on the University ofArizona campus at 5:00 A.M. Departure time on 11 December will be 5:30 A.M. Banding usually continuesinto early or mid-afternoon. For further information and to confirm trips, call E. Linwood Smith in Tucson on884-1026.

ARTHUR C. FELT

We have recently learned of the death of Arthur C. Felt of Whittier, California. Mr. Felt had been anactive member of W.B.B.A. since the mid-1950's, contributing notes to Western Bird Bander and presenting papersat annual meetings. He will be especially remembered for his enthusiasm and for his encouragement and help tothose learning about banding.

A recent issue of California Birds (Vol. 2, No.2, 1971) contains an article by F. Gary Stiles, "On theField Identification of California Hummingbirds." The article includes a table of bill, wing, tail, and weightmeasurements of adult California hummingbirds in fresh plumage.

California Birds is published by the California Field Ornithologists, P.O. Box 369, Del Mar, California 92014.

L££9Seuozp'v' '>\aaJJ al\eJ

9t't' xOS '0 'd

U3UNVO UUIO NU3~S3~

The Western Bird Bander is published four times a year by the Western Bird-Banding Association.Applications for membership should be sent to the Business Manager. Membership classifications are:Active Member, $4.50 per year; Associate Member, $4.50 per year; Student and/or Sub-permittee, $3.50per year; Sustaining Member, $9.00 per year; Life Member, $100.00.








western bird bander 1971.pdfwestern bird bander, should be carefully budgeted. each member should...

Documents