western cape€¦ · web viewa personal letter should contain news and build on relationships....

SUBJECT ADVISOR TRAINING - 2009

TYPES OF TEXTS CANDIDATES WILL BE REQUIRED TO WRITE

2009

ENGLISH HL / FAL

Learning Outcome 3:Writing & Presenting

1. PERSONAL LETTER TO A FAMILY MEMBER 121 Oakbridge Lane Somerset West 7130 5 June 2009

Dear Aunty Betty and Uncle Tom

I have heard that . . . In your last letter, you mentioned that . . .

Tell them interesting family news. Do not pass on gossip. Express an interest in their lives. Your tone should be considerate and respectful. Use an open, polite and sincere register.

I really look forward to hearing from you.

Your loving nephew Daniel

TIPS:

A personal letter should contain news and build on relationships.

Try to avoid slang and insincerity.

The receiver of this letter should be delighted to receive your letter.

The date is written out IN FULL.

The number of the house comes before the street, road, house/flat name.

Uncle and Aunt have capitals as this is what you call them.

You should have an opening bridging paragraph, linking you to them and their affairs in some way.

You should have a closing paragraph giving an opinion, an opener for a reply or a query.

The address and the salutation do not have any punctuation at the end of the lines.

2. PERSONAL LETTER TO AN ACQUAINTANCE

Acknowledgement: Western Cape Education Department

14 Range Street Durban 4001 2 January 2009

Dear Jonathan

I really enjoyed receiving your letter and learning about …

Do not use slang at all. Avoid being over-chatty / under-enthusiastic. Avoid clichés and endless questions. Write maturely about things of interest. Avoid being silly or trying to be too clever. Register: Friendly, polite, sincere.

I look forward to hearing what you think of my idea. Please give my love to Gillian.

Your affectionate god-daughter Sally

TIPS:

‘Street’ is written out in full! (The same applies to ‘Road’ / ‘Avenue’)

The date is written out in full.

As you do not know this person well. (S)he will gain an impression of you by the style and format of your letter.

Start your letter by referring to a previous letter or somehow establishing a relationship.

As Gillian is where John is, you can ask him to ‘give’ her your love. If Gillian is in another place, then you can ask John to ‘send’ her your love.

End your letter, inviting a reply.

3. WRITING A LETTER OF SYMPATHY


Oasis HouseSeaview LaneKleinmond719517 August 2009

Dear Patricia

I was so sorry to hear about John’s accident and am sure that you are feeling the loss very much. Please accept my heartfelt condolences.

Mention briefly how you met John.Mention a few sincere, happy anecdotes about him.Give his wife/daughter/… some memorable moments to savour and to make her smile.Perhaps include a quotation of comfort.

Please extend my sympathy to your parents as well as your children. Do not hesitate to let me know if there is anything I can do to help you through this trying time.

Yours sincerelyJane

TIPS:

A house name is not in inverted commas.

Refer to the cause of the

death tactfully and extend your condolences immediately.

End the letter offering some extra sympathy or an offer of help.

5. LETTER OF COMPLAINT TO A FIRM

Luthuli Cottage


Mokgaotsi Road Delft 7102 11 January 2009

The Manager The Complaints Department Gellington’s Shoes P. O. Box 1479 CAPE TOWN 8000

Dear Sir

COMPLAINT ABOUT A PAIR OF SHOES

I bought a pair of shoes from the LUX Shoe Shop, in St George’s Mall on 27 December 2007. After wearing them once, the heel broke off and I was left looking foolish on a dance floor.

Give all the necessary, relevant details. Explain the inconvenience, nuisance-value, embarrassment etc. Ask for improved service, ratification etc. Show that you will not accept shoddy workmanship, poor products or service. Explain clearly that it was not irresponsibility on your behalf that caused the heel to break. Register: Reasonable but firm.

I should be grateful if you would attend to this matter as soon as possible and let me know what you advise me to do. At the least, I expect a refund.

Yours faithfully ………………..

(Ms) K. P. Garies

TIPS: 1.

You must write to position person (The Manager/ The Liaison Officer / The Personnel Officer / The Accountant / The Supervisor, etc.) so that you can even phone and ask to speak to a specific person. Otherwise, nobody will accept responsibility.

Give a subject line (in capitals or underlined), so that the reader immediately knows what the letter is about.

Give full details to make it easier for the company to trace your complaint and give all the important details.

I ‘should’ ... if you ‘would’ ... ORI ‘would’… if you ‘could’…

ONLY women sign their letter (Mrs) or (Ms) – men just sign J.P. Fox – NO Mr. The reason for this is not to discriminate, but to make it easier for the person who is responding to address the person correctly.

7. LETTER TO ASK FOR A DONATION


Maydonkaai 4057 1 July 2009

The Manager Special Store Pty Ltd Merrivale Road Merweville 6940

Dear Mr Mpho

REQUEST FOR DONATION

Maydon Secondary School is holding a Music Festival to

celebrate the opening of their new school building in September

this year. We know that this is an important occasion and that we

shall have many important guests at the event, including the new

Director of Education.

We are approaching you for a donation because we know you have

always been involved in the affairs of the education in this area.

Please know that we really appreciate all the efforts you have made

on our behalf over the years.

We would really be grateful if you could assist us with some

percussion instruments or let us know where we can acquire them.

We also desperately need some material to use for making

attractive costumes for the dancers and singers.

We look forward to hearing from you. Please let us know

whether you will be able to assist us.

Yours faithfully ………………..

Bongani Mgijama (Chairman: Fund-raising Committee)

TIPS:

There should be NO errors in this letter! So, edit!

‘Pty’ and ‘Ltd’ do not have a full-stop after them!

Road is written out in full, as is the date.

The register should be polite, tactful and rhetorical.

Explain what the occasion is,who will be there,why there is an occasion,how you will be celebrating,where and when you will be holding the event.

Explain why you are approaching this prospective donor.

State exactly what it is you require and give the recipient of this letter a chance to get the donation or products elsewhere, if at all possible.

11. LETTER TO THE PRESS


2119 Zwelitsha Street Zweletemba 6852 29 December 2009

The Editor The People’s Voice Box 222 Tshwane 0001

Sir

RIGHT, YOU ARE WRONG!

‘Unfulfilled’ (Durban Times, 23 December 2007), has made a valid point that life is difficult, disappointing and stressful. However, I believe there is a flip-side to this kind of attitude.

State the issue immediately and clearly. Criticise another writer’s points, logically and calmly. You may criticise, but be constructive. Give your point of view rationally. Let your letter be of value. Let it make a difference. Clearly explain your reason / purpose for writing. Be rational, calm and relevant to win the arguments. Use relevant examples to support your viewpoint. End with a challenge / question / memorable statement. Your language and register should be acceptable. Check the format. Life happens moment to moment, but is fleeting. Surely we should all make a special effort to ensure that the time we have on earth is well-spent, serving others, keeping our equilibrium and contributing to peace on earth. Despite the attitude of ‘Unfulfilled’, I still admire her for expressing her views. It is the direction she has chosen which I find disappointing.

Yours faithfully Hopeful C. L. High

TIPS:

You send the letter to the editor, but not for him/her to react, advise, correct or promote particularly.

Therefore, you use only ‘Sir’ as you are not writing to the editor, but to the public.

Your subject line should get to the heart of the matter. It should be crisp and striking.

Briefly repeat what someone else has expressed and then offer your viewpoint.

You can use a pseudonym, (nom-de-plume) at the end if you do not wish to have your name used BUT must still supply your name. You should have the courage of your convictions to provide your name to your views!

Make sure that your words make a difference. Satire, used well, works wonders.

12.1 WRITING AN OBITUARY


A.

GARDINERJulia

(neé Withers)

Passed away on 23 December 2007 after a long illness, bravely borne. Service at St Anne’s Church, Harfield Road, Parow at 12:30.

Donations in lieu of flowers to the SPCA, P. O. Box 22, Cape Town, 8000.

Will always be fondly remembered by her mother, sisters and brothers-in-law.

B.

VLOKNicholas

Remembering all the happiness you gave to me Made it so much harder to set you free But your pain was great and you suffered so God knew best and whispered, “It’s time to go.” You opened your eyes. They were oh so blue, Looked at us and then we knew It was time to let go – time for you to be released As God took you home to be at Peace.

Always in our hearts. James, Daphne, Paul and Donovan.

C.

+ABRAHAMS

JAMES(Groot Jimmie)

Dearly beloved father and grandfather passed away peacefully at his home on 20 December 2007. A true gentleman in every sense. Service on Friday morning at St Paul, Woodstock at 11:30. Will be remembered and sorely missed by Melinda, Richard and Anne and your grandchildren, Dawn, Arthur and your namesake, Klein Jimmie.

Peace Funeral ParlourJohnson Street

Maitland021 245 7890

TIPS:

A. Surname first in bold.

Then the name and if you want to mention the maiden name, then you can add this: (neé Withers)

Details of the service, reason for the death and instructions re flowers is given.

Brothers-in-law – note spelling.

Euphemism used: passed away.

B. Some obituaries add a

personal note in the form of a loving poem. This can be a bit sentimental and does not impart much necessary information.

C. A funeral parlour has

organised the funeral service and so they advertise as well.

A nickname for the deceased is added (how he was commonly known).

Details of the service, reason for the death and name of funeral parlour is given.


12.2 EULOGY at a Memorial Service

DEATH OF A SALESMAN

At the age of 85, Mr William (Billy) Buckland, was still at his shop selling toys. He retired two years ago, and died yesterday after a short illness.

He began his life in business as an assistant in Brookes Toys as a messenger boy. His eldest son, John (60), told that in between making tea and delivering post, he sold toys. The manager was so impressed that he was promoted within two weeks to salesman, and a year later to floor manager.

“He loved children and he loved toys,” said Marion, his wife of 55 years. “I think he never really grew up!” she quipped. This was how he was perceived as a child – someone with a good sense of humour and a mischievous spirit, always smiling and helpful.

At the age of thirty he bought the shop he had started at as a messenger and built it into the thriving business it now is. This sense of dedication and diligence was a shining example to all those around him.

Generations of children will miss his cheerfulness and understanding. He had a magical ability to match the right toy to the right child. His own children looked after him well as he taught them how to look after a parent, looking after his own parents until they died in his home.

Marion, our warmest wishes go with you. We know that Bill is at peace now and that you will be supported by your wonderful family: three sons and their wives and six grandchildren!

TIPS:

Essential information of an obituary:

1. Name and identification (address, occupation and affiliations) of the deceased

2. Age3. Day and time of death4. Place of death5. Cause of death6. Duration of illness7. Names of immediate

survivor.8. Effect of the person’s

death (The Complete Reporter)

Included should be incidents and anecdotes about the deceased, and personal memories of family and friends. The reader must be able to form a clear mental picture of the deceased.

Avoid sentimentality and euphemism. ‘Dying’ is acceptable.

The only time pupils are likely to write an obituary or eulogy is for a school publication. It is likely to deal with the death of someone closely tied to the school, e.g. a learner, an educator, an involved parent, etc.

Offer some comfort to the family that are present.


14. MEMORANDUM

Mohima Jewellers

........................................................................................................

MEMORANDUM DATE: 19 November 2008........................................................................................................

FROM: Peggy Blain TO: Mr Mark Glurphy DEPT: Accounts Department REFERENCE: XY 368 / 2008.........................................................................................................

IMPORTANT!

Please complete staff party form by end of day. Numbers for catering MUST be handed in today.

Indicate number of guests attending, PLEASE.

How is the entertainment going? Report to me by tomorrow morning!

TIPS:

A memorandum ensures that:

1. Good communicative techniques are in place in that business (many companies complain about poor communication in their business);

2. Messages can be sent immediately to a particular person(s).

3. Details of the communiqué can be checked later in the case of a misunderstanding.

Today, the telephone, fax, e-mail is used extensively, but the memorandum still has a role to play.

An abbreviated form of writing can be used.

A reference code is used for future reference.

Although the memorandum is really used for brief, businesslike messages, they can also be used for personal means.

Memos should not be overused creating a bureaucratic snarl-up and a waste of time.


16. THE USE OF A DIARY

MARCH 2008Tuesday 28 March 2008The last week of the term! My class have done well, especially as they were nervous, timid, anxious newcomers at the beginning of the term. Slowly they have gained confidence as they reached out by taking part in cultural activities, stretching their imaginations, their skills and facing their fears bravely. I am SO proud of their achievements: The class who collected the most recycled products, winner of the junior braaing competition and Hlanti, winning the Junior Toastmasters’ Competition was the cherry on top!

However, even the quieter learners have done well and become calm within themselves, accepting their weaknesses and working on their strengths. I have really enjoyed this class this term.

We moved into a new school this year and I can honestly say that pride in oneself, as few rules as possible, a dignified uniform, a unified staff and a stern, but fair principal are essential qualities for success. Learners are adults-to-be and basically all good. That is how I see them. Wednesday 29 March 2008I woke this morning with a terrible headache and did not get much sympathy from my class (feel like taking back all the compliments I gave them yesterday!) However, by the third period, I was feeling fine. I suppose it is the end-of-the-year tiredness setting in.

Still have the reports to do and the cumulative cards to fill in. Then I need to find time to reflect on where things went well and things went badly and to think about what I hope to achieve next term. I want to make sure that Charleen is not so shy and to help Jamie with his handwriting. He really is Spiderman! I must remember why I wanted to teach in the first place! Thursday 30 March 2008The class was actually impossible today. Perhaps because I still have work to do and they have finished. Perhaps teaching tolerance, patience and consideration is not a bad idea. Compassion seems a good topic to choose! (I do know that I shall be very different tomorrow when I have also finished all my tasks and can socialise and become human again!) Why should work interfere with one’s human qualities? Perspective is the thing. Stand back, observe, look away from yourself - and breathe!

I look forward to my holiday: NO work, no stress, no worries. Hope I can help Dad with Mom a bit. He has been suffering quite a bit and needs the help, I’m sure.

TIPS:

Note the spelling of ‘d i a r y ‘ - not ‘dairy’, where you buy your milk!

You must always give the date.

You always write in the 1st

person.

A diary entry can have a few paragraphs.

You should mention . . .

some personal thoughts (to get your thoughts and

feelings out on paper - this is a healthy therapy!)

some idea of what is happening in your world at this moment (of great interest to future generations - especially your family members).


18.1 COVERING LETTER FOR A JOB APPLICATION

4 Primrose Street Lwandle 7140 11 September 2009

The Manager Peoples’ Project P. O. Box 236 Katlehong 1431 Dear Sir

APPLICATION FOR THE POSITION OF EDUCATIONAL LIAISON OFFICER

I am applying for the position of Educational Liaison Officer as advertised in the Gauteng Gazette on 12 August 2008.

In support of my application, I include my CV and the names of two referees.

I am interested in this position as I have an educational background and feel that I can contribute to alleviating the present problem in Katlehong. I can bring compassion, knowledge and insight to the project.

I would really appreciate being granted an interview. You can contact me on 021 845 9992 or 083 8642 3589.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully ……………….

Lungiswo Sandile

TIPS:

Note the difference between:I am applying for the Secretary X AND

I am applying for the position of Secretary. √

This is a short letter – you merely want to be granted an interview so that you can persuade the company to hire YOU, without being too forceful.

There should definitely be NO errors in THIS letter!

Give details of where you saw the advertisement. This helps the company to gauge the success of their advertising.


18.2 CURRICULUM VITAE (CV) FOR A JOB OFFER

TIPS:

Curriculum vitae means history of the life of.

Supply as much relevant information as you can.

This CV needs to be compact, clear and correct.

Use good spacing and clear headings for easy reading.

Show any leadership qualities if you can and show team or individual skills clearly.

Try to make your CV different from the many others that are received, e.g. the last line.

Your CV should be tailored to suit the job description.


CURRICULUM VITAE OF LUNGISWO SANDILE

PERSONAL DETAILS

NAME Lungiswo Xa Sandile

ADDRESS 4 Primrose Street Lwandle 7140

CONTACT DETAILS Tel.: 27 21 845 9992 E-Mail: [email protected]

Cell: 083 8642 3589

DATE OF BIRTH 2 March 1975 in Pietermaritzburg

ID NUMBER 750302 5074 086

MARITAL STATUS Single

NATIONALITY South African

EDUCATIONAL DETAILS

SECONDARY EDUCATION 2001 - 2005Zanene Secondary School

Highest qualification: Matriculation Certificate

Subjects: English 1st Addional Language Afrikaans 1st Additional Language

Zulu Home Lanuage Mathematics HG Economics SG Biology HG

Sport: 1st Cricket Team

Student Councillor Grade 12Cultural: Winner: Senior Toastmasters’ Course

TERTIARY EDUCATION 2006 - 2007 Durban Technikon Highest qualification: Advanced Diploma in Project Management &

Public Administration

Other courses: Mediation and Arbitration Course Knowledge of Microsoft Office 2003

REFERENCES

Ken Solmes Gillyard & Associates26 Mountview Road Tel.: 021 851 4314Kinsburgh 4126

Alwyn McCarthy CC Partner19A Belford Avenue Tel.: 021 461 1552Nothdene 4064 Cell: 083 447 0889

PERSONAL MISSION STATEMENT

Diligence. Accuracy. Honesty. Loyalty.

20.1 AN AGENDA FOR A MEETING

Meeting of the Committee of The Museum of Man to be held on Monday, 30 October 2008 at 19:00 in the Boardroom

AGENDA

1. Welcome and apologies

2. Minutes of the last meeting

3. Matters arising from the last minutes:

3.1 Progress of new exhibition

3.2 Problem of staff leave 3.3 Visitors’ complaints 4. Treasurer: Report on finances

5. Sub-committee on Maintenance: Feed-back from contractors

6. Sub-committee on Publicity: Report-back

7. General

7.1

7.2

7.3

8. Meeting closes

9. Date for next meeting

10. Signed: MA Gadepho CR Palmer

M. A Gadepho C. R. Palmer Chairman Secretary

TIPS:

All the information for the meeting is listed so that members can find out extra information / do their homework / consider their options / get quotes BEFORE the meeting so that they arrive, informed.

Members can see whether they will be called on to make a report.

Once the meeting has been called to order, BEFORE the meeting starts, the Chairman asks if there is anything members would like to add to the agenda. These points will be written under ‘General’. After that, nobody can introduce new items for the agenda!

Sometimes the agenda has a date cut-off point and once it is filled, no further items can be added. Members will then have to wait for the next meeting to introduce new items. (That is why it sometimes takes a long time for things to move forward speedily!)

Date for next meeting is given. It is then up to members to diarise this date and not to be reminded of the date!

20.2 MINUTES OF A MEETING

Minutes of the Meeting of the Committee of The Museum of Man Acknowledgement: Western Cape Education Department

held on Monday, 30 October 2008 at 19:00 in the Boardroom

AGENDA

1. Welcome: The Chairman welcomed the members and congratulated Mr Carnegie on his promotion.

2. Apologies: Received from Ms Haigh.

3. Minutes of the last meeting were read and signed as correct.

4. Matters arising from the last minutes:

4.1 Progress of new exhibition: Mr Nolomipho expressed total satisfaction with the progress and indicated he had reports which could be scrutinised by the committee if required.

4.2 Problem of staff leave: Mr Jobo reported that this had been resolved satisfactorily.

4.3 Visitors’ complaints: Ms Mrabata had solved all problems,

but needed one more reply from a complainant and would report back at the next meeting. 5. Treasurer: Report on finances was read and accepted.

6. Sub-committee on Maintenance: Feed-back from contractors: Ms O’Keeffe said that the contractors had accepted the conditions and responsibilities and had signed to that effect.

7. Sub-committee on Publicity: Report-back: Mr Leonardi felt that more money needed to be allocated to the publicity drive as most media had not been covered. This was unanimously accepted by the committee. It was agreed that a further R3500 would be allocated for this purpose.

8. General

8.1 A staff party would be held on 28 November 2008. Details to be sent out later. Ms Singh to finalise details.

8.2 A letter of thanks would be sent to the Director of Boe’s Nursery for his excellent service.

8.3 Staff assessments: the end of next month

9. Meeting closed

10. Date for next meeting

11. Signed: MA Gadepho CR Palmer

M. A Gadepho C. R. Palmer Chairman SecretaryTIPS:

Minutes can be shortened. Only the important points need be recorded. All motions must be recorded. After all, these minutes constitute the history of the meetings and the

contribution made by each member.

As minutes record what WAS said at a meeting, they are written in the past tense.

The passive voice is preferred as it keeps the minutes objective, e.g. It was felt that ... / it was agreed that ...

21.1 WRITING AN INVESTIGATIVE REPORT


REPORT ON THE CONDITION OF THE CHARME HOME

1. FOR ATTENTION: The Board Chairman

2. TITLE Condition of the Charme Home

3. TERMS OF REFERENCE The Board of Trustees asked the compiler to investigate the look, the cleanliness and maintenance requirements of the Charme Home.

4. PROCEDURE:

4.1 Observation: The sub-committee visited the home and made notes.

4.2 Look, cleanliness Suggestions were drawn up for and maintenance improving the look, cleanliness requirements and maintenance requirements.

(Addendum A).

4.3 Consultation: Staff , regular visitors and residents were interviewed for their opinions.

4.4 Discussion and final A final discussion was held and final draft: draft drawn up to present to the Board of Trustees.5. FINDINGS

5.1 The front door was dirty and unattractive. 5.2 The front garden was untidy and unattractive. 5.3 The building was dirty inside and outside. 5.4 There were cracks in the walls. 5.5 Many pipes needed replacing.5.6 The building needed to be re-wired.

6. RECOMMENDATIONS

6.1 The front door to be replaced.6.2 The front garden to be changed completely to include a herb garden, a rose garden and a vegetable patch.6.3 The building to be painted completely on the outside in a light peach colour.6.3.1 The building to be repainted inside in a pale cream with white outlines. 6.3.2 The building to be cleaned thoroughly outside and inside.6.4 All cracks to be corrected.6.5 Marked pipes to be replaced. 6.6 New re-wiring to be attended to.

7. SIGNATURE OF THE COMPILER: J.K. Priory NAME TYPED: J. K. Priory HIS STATUS: Consultant DATE: 29 May 2008TIPS:

For Attention: for whom this report is being done / who gets the copy of the final report when it is printed and compiled.

Terms of reference: EXACTLY what the compiler has to do – not more or less.

Procedure: exactly what procedure was followed to reach the findings, in order to be reliable otherwise the recommendations mean nothing.

Findings: what was found after certain procedures were followed, to be objective so that the recommendations are accepted.

Recommendations: made after careful procedures were followed and should be acceptable because reliable procedures were followed and objective findings were made.

Numbering: Every item is numbered so that if fifteen copies of the report are circulated to the fifteen members of the Board for their acceptance, it is easy to refer to an item quickly without members having to page through a copious tome.

The report should be thoroughly done, accurately recorded and clearly expressed.

The recommendations do not have to be accepted. Some-times some recommendations are accepted and others ignored.

21.2 WRITING A SHORT REPORT

Report on the Summer Camp in Gem Park


from 10 – 18 October 2007 for 26 Grade Learners from Dulwich Secondary School

For the attention of The Principal, Ms H. H Hudson.

1. TRANSPORT:The bus hired for transport to and from the camp site was punctual, comfortable and well-maintained. It is recommended to use them again at a later stage.

2. ACCOMMODATIONThe double-bunk beds were clean, comfortable and well-spaced. The ablution blocks were also clean and well maintained.

3. FOOD and DINING AREAThe dining section was very clean and well-aired. There were more than enough tables and chairs. The kitchen was spotless and there was every facility available. It might be a good idea to use a four-slice toaster instead of the open toaster which is dangerous for children.

4. ENTERTAINMENTThe learners were extremely inventive and entertaining and the final concert was a huge success. Thanks should be extended to Ms Carolinus for her enthusiasm and hard work.

5. SECURITYThe staff and learners felt safe at all times as there was 24-hour security at the gates and at night security staff patrolled the fenced area.

6. RECOMMENDATIONSThis was a very successful camp. It is suggested that the site be used again and that the booking be done early as it is a popular campsite.

Signed: J. F. Cupido

Date: 25 October 2007

TIPS:

A report indicates clearly what the report is dealing with (in the heading).

You should indicate who should receive the report first.

It is written in the past tense.

The passive voice is used for objectivity.

The main points are highlighted.

The sub-headings are in capital letters.

The points are numbered for easy reference.

The report must be signed by the writer and the date given.

22.1 WRITING A BOOK REVIEW

Partitions of Apartheid by Koba Plaatjies

Published by Henman Books

Koba Plaajies has succeeded in drawing us into a world of madness Acknowledgement: Western Cape Education Department

during the Apartheid years. She has tried to show the real horrors of

the system on a family who were not interested in politics, but

merely trying to live a decent life.

Her book, Partitions of Apartheid, is published by Henman Books

and is a good read – fact covered by fiction. Creative. Imaginative.

Brave. Soft-covered, it is priced right and should appeal to all ages,

but especially those who feel for families and children in particular.

The tragedy does not overwhelm the reader, but rather makes the

reader respect the approach to hardships and admire the grit of

poor, decent people.

It is a story of a small family in Cape Town with two young

children who cannot accept that their life on earth will be controlled

by unreasonable and unhearing people. So they try to protest and to

improve their lives against all odds and against a mammoth state

operation. Their struggle is extraordinary and their small successes

are triumphant.

The style is personal, poignant and inspiring. I believe this novel

will do extremely well. And so it should. Highly recommended. I

look forward to a film!

Review by Christine Palmer

TIPS:

Give the relevant facts: The name of the author The title of the book The name of the publisher The price

Comment on the cover.Discuss, briefly: The style of writing

The characterizationThe atmosphereThe setting The genre

Come to a conclusion: What is its suitability?

Possibly, give it a rating.

A review IS subjective. So, a reader might not agree with a reviewer’s view. Some are experienced reviewers and extensive readers and so can give a good review. Others are less experienced and their view is perhaps not to be trusted. Make your own judgement call!

Publishers, bookshops, magazines or newspapers offer reviews to their readers. A review is always given on the blurb of a book (inside the cover of a book - or on the back cover) or on a separate flier or pamphlet.

NEVER tell the whole story or how it will end! Give only an outline of the story (plot)

Also, explain what the author is trying to do and whether you think (s)he has succeeded.

23. WRITING A MAGAZINE ARTICLE (extracts given)

Birding Hotspot Muzi Pan and Lower Mkuze River Text Michael Cohen. Pictures: Michael Cohen, Duncan Pritchard, Hugh Chettenden, Warwick Tarboton

Photograph 1 Photograph 2


Photograph 3 Photograph 4

The elders called this place Nhlangano, meaning ‘meeting place’, in Zulu. It was a spot where people used to come together to share news, discuss matters of tribal importance and celebrate with beer. Now this sparkling body of water due east of Mkuze Game reserve on the Elephant Coast of northern Zululand is called Muzi Pan. Muzi’s magic was recently made more accessible thanks to collaborative efforts by Birdlife South Africa and the Kwajobe community, on whose land the pan exists. I arrive at Muzi as the sun is rising above the magnificent fever trees that border the path. A soft tangerine light kisses the glassy blue water, giving the scene an ethereal lavender hue. I turn into the Kwajobe Community Centre where my professional guide, Bheki Nyadeni, is waiting. Cap on, binoculars slung over his shoulder and a Roberts guide in one hand, Bheki extends his other hand. “Welcome to Muzi Pan and the Kwajobe community,” he says with a smile that invites me to explore his world. At the community centre, we connect with local entrepreneur, Themba Mazibuko of Muzi Pan Adventures. Themba’s company offers exclusive canoe-based birding access to the pan. Assisted by guide, Nkosi Gumede, we select our paddles, push our canoes from the sandy shore and begin to stroke our way quietly towards the bountiful birdlife. Passing a lazy pod of hippos, we glide gracefully and silently through the water. The birds barely notice us, permitting a close approach. Paddles down, we just float and observe the beauty and behaviour of White-faced Ducks, African Jacana, White Storks, Egrets and Purple Herons. There isn’t a better way to enjoy this unique environment.

Extracts from article from South African Country Life December 2007

TIPS:

The heading must be attractive and interesting

The article should be beautifully illustrated or excellent (colour) photographs should accompany the article.

The style should be personal, speaking directly to the reader.

The style can be descriptive and figurative, appealing to the imagination of the readers.

Names, places, times, positions and any other necessary details should be included in the article.

The article should stimulate interest and , like an advertisement, encourage the reader to use the product or service.

So, in some ways, this article is a kind of review, promoting a product or service.

Paragraphs should not be too long, encouraging the reading of the article.

The font should be light and attractive.

24. WRITING A NEWSPAPER ARTICLE

Hefty new year baby wins heartsSpeedy the black rhino calf makes history

Speedy is a whopping 40 kg baby boy who likes milk and


photograph

strips of thorny bush and was running around just a few hours after birth. One of South Africa’s New Year babies is a rare black rhinoceros who has charmed everyone – at an exclusive wildlife lodge in Mpumalanga.

Now give the date when he was born and where the lodge is; Where his mother came from; The reaction of the bull; More details about the number of Black Rhinos in the world; When the matchmaking project began; How difficult the project was; The actual birth; Comments by the game warden.

For this article end with some funny anecdote.

Sunday Times 6 January 2008

TIPS:

Freedom of the press is a given!

Owing to space restrictions, editing is essential. (Omissions can also say something and manipulate public perceptions!) Reporters need to summarise accurately, without slanting the truth: A difficult exercise.

Generally, the first paragraph contains the most facts:The who, what, how, when, where, why and to what degree.

The least important details will be cut out (cropped) first from the bottom up if the article needs to be shortened (for space). If there is extra space, then details can be added. In other words, the longer the article, the more trivial details can be added.

Always give a succinct title and add a clear sub-title.

A wedding: Discuss the church, flowers, music, dress of the bride and groom, mention who they are, their entourage, the service, minister, reception, food, speeches and names of some of the guests.

A sports function: The event; teams; coaches, supporters, play, result.Your impressions and some ideas for improvement?

An accident: Give the facts:nature of the accident; who was involved; what happened; how it happened; injuries; role of the ambulance and police service, etc. Add labelled drawing of accident scene if necessary. Add some comment about the number of accidents and why (in your view).

25. WRITING AN EDITORIAL

Church speaks out

If the Queen (of England) was, forgiveably, in retrospective mood, it was pleasing to hear some unusually up-to-date sentiments from our church leaders this season. And it was doubly pleasing that both Anglican and Catholic archbishops chose to risk unpopularity by so doing. The Archbishop of Westminster, Cardinal Cormac Murphy-O’Connor, spoke with passion about immigration and deplored the cold comfort that too often awaits newcomers in Britain. He was taking on a local as well as a national view. “What concerns me at the moment,” he said, “is our attitude as a nation to these many immigrants.” Most come to our country “because they wished to have a better life and work to provide for their families.” They


needed to be welcomed. Instead, they “simply feel excluded because they are outsiders.” The archbishop was right. It was salutary to hear such plain speaking from a national figure. We can only regret that so few political leaders have the courage and integrity to do the same. So busy do they seem to be, devising new ways of discouraging would-be migrants and deporting those already here, that they neglect to mention the benefits the new workers bring to Britain or the shabby way they may be treated by harsh officialdom or employers. The Archbishop of Canterbury, for his part, warned about the way in which human greed distorts and threatens the fragile balance of the Earth. Again, he was right. He, too, was making the sort of outspoken appeal heard all too infrequently from our politicians. This Christmas, those in secular power could have learnt much from paying attention in church. – The Independent (London)

Cape Times Friday, 28 December 2007

TIPS:

An editorial comments on an issue or issues of the day.

It is written by the editor of the newspaper or by a guest invited by the editor to write the editorial (it is called ‘the leader column’.)

In a magazine, it also comments on the articles in that particular issue and some of the writers responsible for the articles.

It is the viewpoint of the editor and does not always take sides, but merely points out some discrepancies, foolishness, lack of wisdom, lack of direction or problems that are staring us in the face that no-one seems to be doing anything about.

On the other hand, it can take a strong stand on an issue clearly aligning itself with some injustice or criticism of leadership in the country.

In this editorial, politicians are criticised and both Anglican and Catholic archbishops commended for being critical of the unimaginative way that immigrants are dealt with., and human greed.

26. DESIGNING A BROCHURE / PAMPHLET / FLYER

Possible shapes to use. (There are many to use.):

NO. 1 NO. 2

NO. 3

NO. 4

T I T L E

Example of the planning for a brochure for an art gallery:

The COVER must be particularly attractive

Explain WHY a visitor needs to come to THIS place!

WHAT is it called? WHERE is it?: Its physical


A

B C

A

B

C

What is its name? Is there a logo? Use it.

address

What can be viewed? Explain briefly, but make it interesting and enticing.

Supply a map with simple directions

WHO is involved? Who supports it?

Give telephone number, cell phone, e-mail address, fax number and name of contact person.

Near what other interesting sites/sights is it?

Give the opening timesGive the cost of admission?

TIPS: Decide HOW you would design the brochure, i.e. the way you would

tackle the various aspects like layout, font, print size, etc. What shape will you use? You also need to consider . . .

what paper you will use, how many colours to use,what print (font) you will use, what illustrations to useand to work out the cost of each item. (Printing can be expensive, so explain how many copies you intend printing.)

LEAFLET: Printed sheet containing information or advertising usually distributed free. Often used interchangeably with ‘flyer’.

FLYER: Small pamphlet, often put in post boxes or handed out at a stop street, etc, usually advertising an event or a business,usually distributed free.

Layout is a cross between a poster and a pamphlet. It often has graphic(s). The idea is to disseminate information at a modest price to the advertiser.

PAMPHLET: Small booklet or leaflet containing information on a single subject. Brief summary of event or business. Usually about an A4 pagewith a fair amount of proseand may have graphic(s).Is often folded.

BROCHURE: Small book ormagazine containing picturesabout a product or service. Often folded A4 printed both sides to size of small booklet. Designed to impart as much necessary information as possible. Usually contains graphics, such as

photographs and maps. This is usually expensive to produce as it is often done on glossy paper with colour graphics.

28. WRITING AN ADVERTISEMENT (referred to as ad./ads)


TIPS: ‘What’ is in red, ‘leaders’ is in green, ‘where’ is in blue. So, the

operative words stand out. Good ads should do at least one of the following and preferably all four:1. Catch the attention of the reader.2. Keep the attention.3. Create a desire to own the product or use the service.4. Make the reader actually go out and buy/use the product/service.

Because of the slant, the readers’ eyes are drawn down to the right-hand corner vertical information and then across to the horizontal information.

Consider the following: The target market (for whom the ad is intended).

Positioning (where and when the ad will appear – in what media, at what time and where in the programme or magazine?).

Appeals (to what sense is the ad appealing?).

The layout, font and sizing.

The attitude (sincere or not).

The ratio between fact and opinion.

The effectiveness of the choice of colour or lack thereof.

The language used (whether it is clichéd, repetitive, figurative, rhetorical, etc.).

Realise that advertising is propaganda and costly.

Realise how packing, marketing, merchandising and shelving make a difference.

29.1 WRITING AN E-MAIL

TO: [email protected]

CC: [email protected];[email protected];[email protected];

[email protected]

SUBJECT: Hello

MESSAGE: Dear All

Just to remind you about our reunion on 23 March 2008 in Windhoek, Namibia. I definitely need numbers now as the Safari Company needs to finalise the contract. So, PLEASE let me have the signed form by the end of today! Looking forward to seeing you all. Incidentally, I found Cecile – she has been in the deserts of Saudi Arabia and will be back in time for the big bash!

LoveCarla

29.2 SENDING A FAX

Africa 345 Town_____________________________________________________TO: Joyce Soyani FROM: R. W. SipamlaCOMPANY: Jolani Inn DATE: 12/11/2008FAX NO: 031 987 2345 FAX NO: 021 345 6789 PHONE NO: 031 975 3156 RE: Dinner confirmation NO. OF PAGES: 1_________________________________________________________________

Dear Ms Soyani

DINNER CONFIRMATION FOR TOYOTA CAR RALLY TEAM

We should like to confirm our DINNER BOOKING for the Toyota Car Rally Team on Friday, 18 December 2007 at R135.00 a head.

We should arrive at 19:00 for 19:30 and should leave no later than midnight.

We should appreciate it if you would have our receipt ready for us as I shall pay straight after the meal. Please remember that I sent you a deposit of R1000 on 10 October 2008.

Yours sincerelyR. W. Jabulani

TIPS:

Emails should be practised on the computer to ensure that


mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

the user has a clear idea of the different icons used for sending and receiving an email.

CC: Here you fill in the email addresses of other people to whom you are sending the same message.

The date will automatically appear on the email when it goes through to the addressee.

A fax should include as much information as possible. It is usually used to convey a form, to confirm a booking, appointment, etc. although the internet is used more often today. However, where you need a copy of the transaction to file, then a fax is useful.

32. DIRECTIONS

The quickest way to the bank from the station, where you will be

arriving, is to turn right as soon as you leave the station. You will

then be in Main Road. Go straight down Main Road until you

come to the first set of traffic lights. Turn left here into Forest

Avenue and travel about 500 metres down this road until you come

to a T-junction. You will cross three streets and will pass a garage

on your left and a church on your right. At the T-junction turn right

into Pine Way. You will find the bank about 100 metres down Pine

Way on the left-hand side.

Words indicating position:

next to in front ofdirectly opposite

above beyondon the right-hand side of

across behindin the shopping mall

under throughat the bottom of the hill

below on the corner of opposite to

behind diagonally opposite

Words indicating direction:

drive/walk down…drive up …

walk past …pass the blue building and

…follow the signs to …

walk in an easterly direction towards cross over at the third set of traffic lights turn …turn left into

go half way round the circle and …turn around and …

the road curves to the rightwhere the road forks …

the road curves to the left …drive in the direction of … at the second intersection …inquire at …

Words used to ask for directions:

Could you please tell me how to find …?How far is it to …?


I am looking for … Could you please help me?Could you please direct me to …?Which is the shortest route to …?Thank you very much for …I appreciate your assistance in ….

TIPS:

We use directions when we are telling someone how to get somewhere and we use instructions when we are describing how something is done.

Usually in the imperative (the infinitive without the word ‘to’).

Although the subject ‘you’ is not stated, it always refers to the second person representing an interaction between the speaker and the listener.

When giving directions be concise and clear.

The directions or instructions must be in chronological order.

Always refer to a specific direction.

Indicate the approximate distance.

Give the approximate number of streets to be crossed to reach the destination. It will give the person a sense of when to stop and ask someone else for further directions in case (s)he has overshot the mark.

If possible, provide information about landmarks along the way, e.g. You will pass the High School on your left.


39. WRITING A SPEECH

Ladies and Gentlemen

It is my pleasure this afternoon to say a few words about the birthday girl today. And may I start by saying that she is looking particularly charming today in her favourite pink.

I have known Nora for many years. We grew up together. We went to the same primary school. Than our paths divided and to my joy I met up with her again last year. She has not changed at all and is the same fun-loving, honest, kind and happy person that I knew so many years ago.

Now that she is turning eighty, I can just wish her continued good health, genuine happiness, real fun with her children and grandchildren (and she has TEN!) and let the sparkle in her eye never diminish. She has made a wonderful contribution to the world (as a teacher, mother and wife), has allowed her travels to so many different countries to make her wiser and richer and continues to spread her gentleness and gentility with her friends and family.

Please raise your glass to toast our special lady, Nora.

TIPS:

Think about the following before you start writing and adapt accordingly:

HOW: What style to use (serious, humorous, etc.? Will you placate, encourage, etc.? Will you be aggressive, gentle, truthful, diplomatic?

WHEN: When are you speaking? The main speaker? After dinner, interval, in the morning, afternoon, evening?

WHERE: At a christening, wedding, business lunch, school function. In a yacht, hall, lounge? Around a table?

WHY: What is the purpose of the occasion? Why have YOU been invited to speak?

WHO: Who will be there? How many? Young / older audience / athletes / businessmen/ women?

WHAT:

A strong (clever) opener will attract attention Develop your points and bridge them clearly (speech will flow). Avoid clichés. Decide where you should

pause and where to use gestures (naturally) and for what purpose. (Keep eye-contact.)

Use contrasting tones (and points) and be audible!

Use clear enunciation. Use fairly short sentences with

simple ideas, using familiar examples.

Balance criticisms with reasonable alternatives.

Show conviction, enthusiasm and self-confidence in the planning stage and it will show in your presentation.

Consider the closing. Leave the audience with a thought (or two).

End simply with ‘Mr Chairman’ / Madam Chair (Do not say thank you.)

Visual or physical aids may be used, but your words must come first.

You may use notes, but only to refer to.

Avoid irritating mannerisms. Write a worthwhile speech. (Do

not waste time.) Use language that expresses your maturity, values and background. Swearing, crudity or profanity is unacceptable.

Avoid being pompous, insincere or verbose.

When you present yourspeech, remember to walk to the podium confidently and look at the audience when you start with, ‘Mr Chairman (Madam Chair), Ladies and gentlemen.’ (posture erect)


40. THE RESEARCH PROCESS

STEP 1 QUESTIONING

Define your subject Brainstorm What do you already know?

STEP 2 PLANNING

Identify sources of information that will help you Encyclopaedias Reference books: Scan table of contents and index Magazines and newspaper articles Dictionary Interviews World Wide Web

STEP 3 GATHERING

Take notes. Make a bibliography.

STEP 4 SORTING AND SYNTHESISING

Use the information you have. Organize the material – leave out anything that does not suit your purpose. Compare and contrast the information you have. Put the information selected in order. Put it in your own words as far as possible. Add your own conclusions.

STEP 5 EVALUATING

Ask yourself the following questions: How did I do? Did I follow a plan? Did I answer the main question? Did I record the information? Did I record my sources accurately? Did I present the information in the way it was assigned? Did I learn something?

(CONTINUED)

STEP 6 REPORTING

Decide how you are going to present you material.

Things you can write: Report Letter Feature article in

newsletter or magazine Brochure Poster

Things you can create Play Video Drawing or illustrations Model Power point presentation

(if you are using a computer)

Things you can do: Give a speech or oral

report


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