what are waves? waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another ex. = a water wave is a...

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What are waves?

• Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another

• Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water.

• Ex. = a seismic wave is a moves through through the soil of earth

Can waves provide energy?

• Both of the previous waves can transfer their energy

• Water waves can move a boat up and down – this requires work (energy)

• Seismic waves can move a building back and forth and up and down

Page 4: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

What about sound waves?

• Sounds waves transfer energy with air pressure

• The sound travels outward in all directions from the source

• When it reaches your ear, it does work by moving your ear drum

Page 5: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

Mechanical waves

• Everything we mentioned are described as mechanical waves

• These require a medium, such as water, air, even a rope or spring

Page 6: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

Wave terms• Wave pulse –

produced if a source makes a single disturbance (like a bang)

• Period wave – if the source vibrates repeatedly, like a guitar string

Page 7: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

Transverse wave• Particles in the medium,

like a rope, move up and down, but the wave moves back and forth.

Page 8: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

Longitudinal wave• Particles move back

and forth as well as the wave, like in a slinky spring

Page 9: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

• Peak – each of the highest points of a wave

• Trough – each of the lowest points of a wave

• Amplitude – the distance from peak to trough divided by 2

Page 10: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

Wavelength

• The wavelength is the length of the repeating pattern

• Could be from peak to peak

Page 11: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

Frequency

• Frequency is number of waves that pass a certain point per unit of time

• We call this Hertz (Hz)

Page 12: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

Period of wave

• The period is the time it takes just one wavelength to pass a point

Page 13: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

Wave speed = how fast it moves

Speed will affect frequencyWatch this:

Page 14: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

Calculating wavelength, Frenquency & Wave Speed

• f = 1/T where T is the period or time for 1 wave

• Remember speed = distance / time– What is our distance for waves? – What is our time?

• Wave speed = wavelength/period– V = /T we can substitute in f for 1/T

– To get: v = f *

Page 15: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

Calculating wavelength, Frenquency & Wave Speed

• Example – The string of a piano that produces the note middle C vibrates with a frequency of 264 Hz. If the sound waves produced by this string have a wavelength in air of 1.30m, what is the speed of sound in air?

Page 16: What are waves? Waves = a transfer of energy from one place to another Ex. = a water wave is a disturbance at the surface of the water. Ex. = a seismic

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