What Can Complete Streets Learn From International

Approaches?

Presented By:

Frank Wefering

Director of Sustainability, GPI

22 May 2018

Motivations to plan and design complete streets

Road Safety

Convenience & Comfort

Access InclusionMulti-

modality

Other?!

Economic Development

Aesthetics

Interaction

Active Transportation

“A transportation policy and design approach that requires streets to be planned, designed, operated, and maintained to enable safe,

convenient and comfortable travel and access for users of all ages and abilities regardless of their mode of transportation.”

Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans

Sustainable Neighborhood Mobility Plans

Healthy Streets

Moving Beyond Zero

Woonerfs

Lab van Troje

Overview

Mobility as a Service

Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans

Sustainable Neighborhood Mobility Plans

Healthy Streets

Moving Beyond Zero

Woonerfs

Lab van Troje

MaaS –Mobility as a Service

Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans &Sustainable Neighborhood Mobility Plans

Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (EU, 2013)

• European Union Action Plan on Urban Mobility (2009); Action 1 calls for support of local authorities to develop Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans

• Support via Council of the EU (2010) + EU Transport White Paper (2011)

• EU-wide expert consultation process to develop the SUMP concept (2010 -2013)

• SUMP Guidelines (2013)

• Formal EU Policy - Urban Mobility Package (2013)

Today

• Adaptation to national planning frameworks

• Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans as a precondition for transport infrastructure financing (EU institutions; multilateral banks)

• SUMPs developed and implemented across Europe and beyond

• Revised SUMP Guidelines to be delivered in 2019

What does SUMP stand for?

• Long-term vision and clear implementation plan

• Planning for People:Improving livability; enabling access

• Participatory approach: Engaging citizens and stakeholders

• Contribution to climate change commitments

• Pledge for sustainability: Economic, social and environmental

Characteristics

Part I

What does SUMP stand for?

• Integrated approach:

• Balanced development and integration of all transportation modes • Cooperation between policy sectors and between government levels• Cities working together with neighboring authorities

• Focus on monitoring & evaluation and transparent reporting: Objectives + measurable targets

• Review of all costs and benefits: Implementation of affordable and cost-effective solutions

• Passenger AND freight transportation

Characteristics

Part II

Paradigm shift in planning

From the Urban to the Neighborhood Level

Sustainable Neighborhood Mobility Plans - A European concept applying

sustainable transportation and urban mobility principles, such as facilitation of all modes, accessibility, participation, etc. in small urban subsections (neighborhoods, quarters)

Frank Wefering

Greenman-Pedersen, Inc.

ITE Northeastern District Annual Meeting

Lake George, NY, 21-23 May 2018

Neighborhood Mobility Labs as a collaborative way / co-

creation means to address common urban mobility

challenges at the urban district level

Particular focus on engaging typically under-represented

groups such as migrants, women, older and younger

people

Unleashing large innovation

potentials at the urban district

level via proactive involvement of

local communities, stakeholders

and residents

Sustainable Neighborhood Mobility Plans (EU 2017)

NEIGHBORHOOD APPROACH ADVANTAGES

• Chance to quickly make a real difference

• Sense of community and trust

• Shared language, idioms and cultural references

• Short communication paths

• Resilient social networks

• Emotional attachment and commitment to the neighborhood, a feeling of belonging and responsibility

• Detailed knowledge about the local situation - geographically, socially, historically

• Familiarity with places and streets

Street functions with direct impacts on citizen’s quality of life • Space for social interactions among neighbors• Playground for children• Ecological space

Street space limitations causes competition between various uses – especially driven by the demand for car-parking space

Residential street space reveals challenges of vulnerable groups like the handicapped or the elderly as well as specific needs for children

Focus on Streets

Healthy Streets

Healthy Streets for London (2017)

A strategic and overarching approach for the design and management of London’s streets linking transportation with public health

Aim to improve air quality, reduce congestion and support

the creation of greener, healthier and more attractive urban places to live, work, play and do business

Facilitates active transportation and thereby tackles illnesses associated with inactivity

London’s Focus on Transportation and Health

Healthy Streets Indicators

Moving Beyond Zero

Moving Beyond Zero (Sweden, 2017)

The next step in the Vision Zero movement from

Sweden initiated by the Swedish Traffic Safety

Council for Active and Sustainable Mobility.

Moving Beyond Zero looks at road and urban

environment improvements no longer merely from the

perspective of preventing road crashes, fatalities and

injuries, but it focuses on improving public health and

reducing emissions and congestion by promoting

active transport modes like cycling and walking.

Moving Beyond Zero – in Practice

• Cycling promotion and road safety are interlinked

• Technology provides sustainable solutions

• Bicycling encourages positive health + safety effects

• Multi-modal transit provides needed flexibility

• Bicycling and livable cities

• Children’s cycling and children’s rights

Woonerfs

Logic makes people think

Logic makes people think,

but emotions make people act

The Netherlands, early 1970s

How a civic activist’s campaign changed Dutch mobility culture and influenced street design

Photograph: Fotocollectie Anefo/Society for the Nationaal Archief https://nos.nl/artikel/2191063-meer-verkeersongelukken-bij-scholieren-een-tweede-stop-de-kindermoord.html

Stop de Kindermoord campaigners visit Amsterdam’s House of Representatives in 1972, a year after more than 400children were killed in traffic crashes.

Woonerfs

Netherlands, 1970s: Search for ideas for safer urban planning

Woonerf: a people-friendly street with speed bumps and bends to force cars to drive very slowly.

Today, woonerfs have gone out of fashion, but still found in many Dutch cities.

Lab van Troje / Living Street

A living lab experiment from Gent, Belgium used to gather ideas and suggestions from citizens and local stakeholders to improve places and streets.

collaborating citizens, businesses, governments and organisations and developed with the support of the municipality of Ghent.

Frank Wefering

Greenman-Pedersen, Inc.

ITE Northeastern District Annual Meeting

Lake George, NY, 21-23 May 2018

Lab van Troje / Living Street (Belgium, 2012)

Mobility Visioning

The M-Club

“On Wheels”

“The Street Cut”

“The School Street” “Nearby Parking Deluxe”Source: Gent Klimaatverbond, 2012. De fiets van Troje. Transitie

naar een duurzame mobiliteitscultuur voor Gent en omgeving.

Brochure.

MaaS - Mobility as a Service

Mobility as a Service (Finland, first app 2016)

MaaS – The integration of various forms of transport services into a single mobility service accessible on demand

• MaaS operator facilitates a diverse menu of transport options - public transportation, ride-, car- or bike-sharing, taxi or car rental/lease, or a combination thereof

• Single application provides access to mobility and single payment channel instead of multiple ticketing and payment operations

USDOT, Volpe Center

MaaS Scenario

All encompassing urban mobility package for US$400 per month

• Get from A to B, and all A’s to all B’s within the urban area

• Service level agreement ensures pick-up in less than 10 minutes

• Use all transportation modes (various forms of public transit, taxi, car sharing, ride sharing, bike sharing, etc.)

• Limited logistics and home delivery service included

• Service and payment offers bundled in one mobile app

• Discounted rates in other cities and option for multi-city packages

Adapted from Heikkilä, Business Finland, Tekes

What if MaaS was widely used?

Pure Theory?

• Reduced reliance on individual car use

• Urban transformation• Need for a better network of

physically and digitally connected streets

Implications for complete street design!?

Source: MaaS Global website

Source: Maas Global

What Can Complete Streets Learn From International Approaches?

• Holistic urban mobility approach

• Planning for people – designing for people

• Community engagement

• Visioning

• Transparent reporting

• New justifications + legitimizations (public health)

Main Presentation References

European Platform on Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans -> eltis.org/mobility-plans

Sustainable Urban Neighborhoods Research and Implementation -> civitas-sunrise.eu

Healthy Streets for London -> tfl.gov.uk/corporate/about-tfl/how-we-work/planning-for-the-future/healthy-streets

Moving Beyond Zero Initiative-> movingbeyondzero.com

History of the Dutch Stop de Kindermoord Campaign -> lcc.org.uk/pages/holland-in-the-1970s

The Woonerf Concept-> https://nacto.org/docs/usdg/woonerf_concept_collarte.pdf

Lab van Troje-> labvantroje.be/en

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) Alliance-> maas-alliance.eu

Thank you for your attention!

Frank M. Wefering

Greenman-Pedersen, Inc. (GPI), Babylon, NY

www.gpinet.com

fwefering@gpinet.com

631-761-7209 and (c) 631-517-0102