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What Catholic Environmental EthicsSays About OurDebt to the Future
Keith DouglassWarner OFM
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What Catholic Environmental EthicsSays About OurDebt to the Future• Inter-generational duties• Sustainability• Technology & capitalism
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What Catholic Environmental EthicsSays About OurDebt to the Future• Nature/society relations• Moral agency• Living & non-living as
morally significant
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What CatholicEnvironmental EthicsSays About OurDebt to the Future• Remarkable vigor• New domain of ethical
concern• Distinct contributions
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Our Debt to the Future
1. Sustainability– a simplistic definition: something that can be carried forward through time.
2. Something “unsustainable” is easy to identify -- how to progress toward sustainability is harder
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Origins of “sustainability”:Brundtland Commission 1987
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Sustainability per Brundtland:
“meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”
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Social equity indicators
Economic indicators
Ecological indicators
Sustainability’sVennDiagram
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Sustainability has no inherent meaning
Critical queries:1. What is to be sustained?2. For whom?3. For how long?
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The tendency for all human institutions to define “sustainability” to meet their own needs
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We can’t go on this wayGross Domestic Product (vs. Genuine Progress Indicator)
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Technology & capitalism
We are impoverishing the future
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Inter-generational justice
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What (applied) environmental ethics says ….…to leaders of conscience, competence &
compassion
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What Catholic Environmental Ethics?1. Papal documents2. National bishops documents3. Regional pastoral letters4. Praxis informed by faith
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Pope Paul VI:1. A widening gap rich/poor2. Hunger, deprivation and arms race
spending are unjust3. Authentic development = new word
for peace4. Addressed UN Conference on the
Human Environment (Stockholm 1972)
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Pope John Paul II
Named St. Francis the Patron Saint of Ecology 1979
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1990: The Ecological Crisis: A Common Responsibility
1. The ecological crisis has assumed such proportions as to be the responsibility of everyone.
2. The ecological crisis is a moral issue.3. All Catholics have a serious obligation to
care for all of creation. 4. Respect for life and the dignity of the
human person extends to the rest of creation.
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Main themes of “The Ecological Crisis”
1. Indiscriminate application of science & technology
2. Lack of respect for life evinced by pollution
3. Dominancy of economic interests over working people
4. Reckless exploitation of resources5. Uncontrolled destruction of animal &
plant life6. Genetic manipulation
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Pope John Paul II1. 30 major teachings on the environment2. Promoted “ecological vocation”3. Environment and development linkedSpoken out against:• Air pollution• Deforestation• Species loss• Environmental
injustice
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National bishops conferences
By 1996, major addresses by national bishops of:
• US• Australia• Dominican Republic• Guatemala• Northern Italy• Canada
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US Bishops: 1991
1. Linking economic and environmental justice
2. More than anti- “toxic racism”3. Special concern for the poor4. Humanistic: Environmental
Justice 5. Little reference to biodiversity
crisis, or global climate change
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Now a standard component
1. Global Climate Change: A Plea for Dialogue, Prudence, and the Common Good (2001)
2. For I was Hungry And You Gave Me Food: Catholic Reflections on Food, Farmers, and Farmworkers (2003)
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Regional pastoral letters
1.2. Appalachia3. New England4. New Mexico
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PraxisBishop Stephen Blaire has launched an
Environmental Justice education project in the Diocese of Stockton
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Some synthetic themes
1. Theo-centric, and humanistic2. Emphasizing continuity with tradition
a. Scriptureb. Catholic social teachingc. “Authentic development”
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Exegeting Genesis1. Our “Ecological Vocation” 2. Stewardship through time
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Duties
1. Stewardship is a collective, global responsibility
2. International coordination points to need for UN, UNDP
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Duties II
3. Authentic development must be sustainable
4. Sustainable development as inter-generational responsibility
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Values
1. Common good2. Prudence = precaution?3. Care for poor and marginalized:
Vulnerable humans cannot be sacrificed for protection of environmental resources
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Strengths
1. Offers a moral vision of stewardship. Who else is speaking for global commons?
2. “Naturalizes” care for the environment3. Criticizes consumer culture of global
north4. Emphasizes duties of justice to current
and future generations.
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Weaknesses1. Does not problematize the relationship
between capitalism and technology 2. Does not seriously address the issue of
collective environmental impact of human population growth
3. Does not recognize the collapse of biological diversity as a salient ethical concern
4. Overly optimistic for reforming structural sin?
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Good planets are hard to find…
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The Faith, Ethics & Vocation Project
@ The Environmental Studies InstituteSanta Clara University
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Environmental Ethics curriculum development
ES courses that meetReligious Studies
Requirement
EnvironmentalVocation
internshipMarkkulaCenter for Applied Ethics
ArrupeCenter for
Community-Based
Learning
Center for Science, Technology & Society
Bannan Institute for Jesuit Education
The Faith, Ethics & Vocation Project @ SCU’s ESI