RCRA & DOT RefresherRCRA & DOT Refresher

A regulatory review of RCRA Hazardous A regulatory review of RCRA Hazardous Waste Management for Generators and Waste Management for Generators and

DOT Hazardous Materials TransportationDOT Hazardous Materials Transportation

What is Hazardous Waste ?What is Hazardous Waste ?

Solid waste that may:Solid waste that may:Cause or significantly contribute to an increase Cause or significantly contribute to an increase

in mortality or increase in serious illnessin mortality or increase in serious illnessPose a substantial hazard to human health or Pose a substantial hazard to human health or

the environment when improperly managedthe environment when improperly managed

What is a Hazardous WasteWhat is a Hazardous Waste

Exhibits one of the 4 characteristicsExhibits one of the 4 characteristicscatches fire, corrodes metals, unstable, catches fire, corrodes metals, unstable,

harmful when ingested or absorbedharmful when ingested or absorbed Listed on one of the 4 listsListed on one of the 4 listsOver 400 wastes that are harmful to human Over 400 wastes that are harmful to human

health or environmenthealth or environment

Hazardous Waste Characteristics

Hazardous Waste Characteristics

CharacteristicsCharacteristics1.1. Ignitable Ignitable -- D001D0012.2. Corrosive Corrosive -- D002D0023.3. Reactive Reactive -- D003D0034.4. Toxic Toxic -- D004 D004 -- D043D043

Hazardous Waste ListsHazardous Waste Lists

ListsLists1.1. FF--List List -- nonnon--specific source wastespecific source waste2.2. KK--List List -- specific source wastespecific source waste3.3. PP--List List -- commercial chemical products commercial chemical products

(acutely hazardous)(acutely hazardous)4.4. UU--List List -- commercial chemical product commercial chemical product

(hazardous)(hazardous)

Hazardous Waste ExamplesHazardous Waste Examples

Solvent Blend 1Solvent Blend 1Acetone 5%Acetone 5%Toluene 10%Toluene 10%Mineral Spirits 85%Mineral Spirits 85%

Solvent Blend 2Solvent Blend 2Acetone 4%Acetone 4%Toluene 8%Toluene 8%NapthaNaptha 88%88%

Hazardous Waste ExamplesHazardous Waste Examples Solvent Blend 3Solvent Blend 3

Methyl Ethyl Methyl Ethyl KetoneKetone (MEK) 8%(MEK) 8% Acetone 4%Acetone 4% TetrachloroethyleneTetrachloroethylene 3%3% Mineral Spirits 85%Mineral Spirits 85%

PaintPaint Acetone 20%Acetone 20% Methyl Ethyl Methyl Ethyl KetoneKetone (MEK) 30%(MEK) 30% NapthaNaptha 30%30% Pigments 20%Pigments 20%

Example: A Chemical Which Has a Example: A Chemical Which Has a Different Hazardous Waste ID Upon Different Hazardous Waste ID Upon Becoming a WasteBecoming a Waste

Trichloroethylene (and some other spent halogenated Trichloroethylene (and some other spent halogenated hydrocarbons) used in degreasing operationshydrocarbons) used in degreasing operations

F001F001

Trichloroethylene (and some other spent halogenated Trichloroethylene (and some other spent halogenated hydrocarbons)hydrocarbons)

F002F002

A waste containing trichloroethylene in excess of A waste containing trichloroethylene in excess of TCLP valueTCLP value

D040D040

Trichloroethylene (commercial chemical product)Trichloroethylene (commercial chemical product)U228U228

Industry/EPA Hazardous

Waste #

1. Solid Waste Exclusions 40 CFR 261.4(a)• e.g. shredded circuit boards being recycled

2. Hazardous Waste Exclusions 40 CFR 261.4(b)• e.g. arsenic treated wood waste

3. Sample Exclusions 40 CFR 261.4(d), (e), (f)

Solid and Hazardous Waste Exclusions

Solid and Hazardous Waste Exclusions Is it a Solid Waste?

Is it Exempted or Excluded ?

Is it Listed or does it exhibit a characteristic?

Is it a Used oil or Universal Waste

YES

NO

NO Not subject to RCRA

YES

NO

YES

Subject to RCRAParts 262-268

YES

Subject to RCRAParts 273 or 279

NO

Hazardous Waste DeterminationHazardous Waste Determination

EPA HazWaste Generator Rules

EPA HazWaste Generator Rules

Rules are based on the Rules are based on the amount of hazardous amount of hazardous waste generated per waste generated per month, in kilograms month, in kilograms

(1 kilogram = 2.2 (1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds)pounds)

EPA HazWaste Generator Rules

EPA HazWaste Generator Rules

““Conditionally Exempt Small Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity GeneratorQuantity Generator”” …… no no more than 220 lbs and no more than 220 lbs and no more than 2 lbs of acutely more than 2 lbs of acutely hazardous waste hazardous waste generated per month.generated per month.

EPA HazWaste Generator Rules

EPA HazWaste Generator Rules

““Small Quantity GeneratorSmall Quantity Generator”” ……between 220 and 2,200 lbs of between 220 and 2,200 lbs of hazardous waste hazardous waste andand no more than no more than 2 lbs of acutely hazardous waste 2 lbs of acutely hazardous waste per month.per month.

Large Quantity Generator (LQG) of Hazardous Waste

Large Quantity Generator (LQG) of Hazardous Waste

1,000 kg(~ 2,200 lbs) per month1,000 kg(~ 2,200 lbs) per monthoror

1 kg (~2.2 lbs) of acutely hazardous 1 kg (~2.2 lbs) of acutely hazardous wastewaste

CESQG Requirements (40 CFR 261.5)

CESQG Requirements (40 CFR 261.5)

Minimal RequirementsMinimal RequirementsDetermine which wastes are hazardousDetermine which wastes are hazardousGenerate less than 220 lbs per month Generate less than 220 lbs per month Generate less than 2 lbs acutely hazardous Generate less than 2 lbs acutely hazardous

waste per monthwaste per monthHave no more than 2200 lbs on site at any one Have no more than 2200 lbs on site at any one

timetimeEnsure delivery of waste to appropriate Ensure delivery of waste to appropriate

treatment, storage or disposal facilitytreatment, storage or disposal facility

Management Requirements for SQG and LQG

Management Requirements for SQG and LQG

40 CFR 262General Requirements Pre-transportation RequirementsManifest RequirementsRecordkeeping and Reporting Requirements 90 day storage limitation for LQGs

40 CFR 262.34 for SQGsNever have more than 13,200 lbs on siteNever keep waste onsite for more than 180 days

Accumulation RequirementsAccumulation Requirements

Container and Tank requirementsContainer and Tank requirements Marked with the words Marked with the words ““hazardous wastehazardous waste”” and start and start

date of accumulationdate of accumulation ““good conditiongood condition”” and compatibleand compatible Closed, except when adding or removing wasteClosed, except when adding or removing waste Inspected weekly for containers (daily for tanks)Inspected weekly for containers (daily for tanks) 50 feet from property boundary (for 50 feet from property boundary (for LQGsLQGs only)only) Air Emission standards (for Air Emission standards (for LQGsLQGs only)only)

Preparedness and Prevention Preparedness and Prevention

Evaluate and minimize the threat of fire, explosion, or release of hazardous waste

Emergency Communication systems (internal and external)

Appropriate water, fire control and spill and decontamination equipment

Adequate aisle space for emergency response Large Quantity Generators must also have a complete

Contingency Plan

Additional Requirements for SQGs

Additional Requirements for SQGs

Posted InformationPosted InformationName and phone number of emergency Name and phone number of emergency

coordinatorcoordinatorLocation of emergency and spill equipmentLocation of emergency and spill equipmentTelephone number of the fire departmentTelephone number of the fire department

TrainingTraining““Thoroughly familiar with proper waste Thoroughly familiar with proper waste

handling and emergency procedureshandling and emergency procedures””

Recordkeeping and ReportingRecordkeeping and Reporting

3 Primary Requirements3 Primary Requirements Biennial Reports for Biennial Reports for LQGsLQGs Exception ReportsException Reports

45 days for 45 days for LQGsLQGs 60 days for 60 days for SQGsSQGs

RecordkeepingRecordkeeping ManifestsManifests Biennial Reports and Exception ReportsBiennial Reports and Exception Reports Waste Analysis, test results or other waste determinationsWaste Analysis, test results or other waste determinations

Shipping Hazardous Waste Off-Site

Shipping Hazardous Waste Off-Site

Choose a transporter and TSD Choose a transporter and TSD facility which have EPA facility which have EPA identification numbers and are identification numbers and are reputablereputable

Package and label wastes for Package and label wastes for shipping according to DOTshipping according to DOT

Prepare a Uniform Hazardous Prepare a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest Waste Manifest (EPA Form 8700(EPA Form 8700--22)22)

Comply with Land Disposal Comply with Land Disposal RestrictionsRestrictions

Off-Site ShipmentsOff-Site Shipments

HAZARDOUS WASTEFED ER AL LAW PR OH IBITS IMPR OPER D ISPOSAL

IF FOUND, CONT ACT THE NEARESTPOLICE PUBLIC SAFETY AUTHOURITY

OR THE U.S. ENVIRONM ENT ALPROTECTION AGENCY

HANDLE WITH CARE!

GENERATOR INFORM ATION

Comply with all applicable

DOT Regulations49 CFR

What are they?

Proper ContainersProper Containers

UN approved containersUN approved containers Can reuse containers for hazardous waste Can reuse containers for hazardous waste

shipmentsshipments

MarkingMarking

Proper Shipping nameProper Shipping name UN Identification Number UN Identification Number Technical Name (if required)Technical Name (if required) Generators name and addressGenerators name and address Manifest Document numberManifest Document number Hazardous Waste WarningHazardous Waste Warning Liquids require packaging orientation arrowsLiquids require packaging orientation arrows

LabelingLabeling

•Near the Proper Shipping Name•On Background of Contrasting Color•Unobscured by Markings•Two or more labels must be near each other

Shipping PapersShipping Papers

Use Hazardous Waste ManifestUse Hazardous Waste Manifest Unique, preprinted tracking number Unique, preprinted tracking number Only registered printers may distribute themOnly registered printers may distribute them All fields are mandatoryAll fields are mandatory

Proper Description Proper Description Hazardous Materials Table (172.101)Hazardous Materials Table (172.101)

Land Disposal RestrictionsLand Disposal Restrictions Notification or certificationNotification or certification

Emergency InformationEmergency Information MSDS, Emergency Response Guidebook, etc.MSDS, Emergency Response Guidebook, etc.

HAZARDOUSWASTE

““OpenOpen””ManifestManifest

““ClosedClosed””ManifestManifest

Each PartyEach PartyRetains CopyRetains Copy Universal WastesUniversal Wastes

May 11, 1995 (60 FR 25492)May 11, 1995 (60 FR 25492) 40 CFR 27340 CFR 273 New rules for New rules for Hazardous waste batteriesHazardous waste batteriesHazardous waste pesticidesHazardous waste pesticidesMercury containing thermostatsMercury containing thermostats

Lights containing mercury added July 6, Lights containing mercury added July 6, 1999 (64 FR 36466)1999 (64 FR 36466)

What are Universal WastesWhat are Universal Wastes

BatteriesBatteries Recalled stocks of suspended or Recalled stocks of suspended or

cancelled pesticidescancelled pesticides Mercury containing Thermostats Mercury containing Thermostats

(temperature control devices)(temperature control devices) Mercury containing LightsMercury containing Lights

Universal Waste RulesUniversal Waste Rules

Exempt from some hazardous waste rules, Exempt from some hazardous waste rules, but subject to the requirements of Part 273but subject to the requirements of Part 273

Streamlined standards for:Streamlined standards for:StoringStoringLabeling and markingLabeling and markingPreparing shipments for transportationPreparing shipments for transportationEmployee trainingEmployee trainingResponses to releasesResponses to releases

Universal WasteUniversal Waste

HandlersHandlersSmall Quantity HandlerSmall Quantity HandlerLarge Quantity HandlerLarge Quantity Handler

Consolidation PointsConsolidation Points TransportersTransporters Destination FacilityDestination Facility

Performance StandardPerformance Standard

““Manage universal wastes in a way that Manage universal wastes in a way that prevents releases of any universal waste or prevents releases of any universal waste or component of a universal waste to the component of a universal waste to the environment.environment.””

Management StandardsManagement Standards

No Leaking ContainersNo Leaking Containers Proper Labeling & MarkingProper Labeling & Marking““Universal WasteUniversal Waste”” -- BatteriesBatteries““WasteWaste”” BatteriesBatteries““UsedUsed”” BatteriesBatteries

Accumulation TimeAccumulation Time

Up to 1 yearUp to 1 year Start Date marked on containerStart Date marked on container Longer periods possible, if not economicalLonger periods possible, if not economical

TrainingTraining

““Thoroughly Familiar with proper waste Thoroughly Familiar with proper waste Handling and emergency response Handling and emergency response proceduresprocedures””

Handle releases as if a hazardous wasteHandle releases as if a hazardous wasteConduct waste determination on releaseConduct waste determination on release

ShipmentsShipments

Determine if DOT Hazardous MaterialDetermine if DOT Hazardous Material Large Quantity Handlers must track Large Quantity Handlers must track

shipmentsshipments Keep records for a least 3 yearsKeep records for a least 3 years

ProhibitionsProhibitions

Diluting or Disposing of Universal WasteDiluting or Disposing of Universal Waste Treating Wastes (except during emergency Treating Wastes (except during emergency

response)response) Sending universal wastes to place other Sending universal wastes to place other

than consolidation point or destination than consolidation point or destination facilityfacility

Hazardous Materials Transportation

Hazardous Materials Transportation

Modes of TransportationModes of Transportation Compliance ProcessCompliance Process

Identify and classifyIdentify and classify How dangerous is it?How dangerous is it? Give it a nameGive it a name Select a packageSelect a package Mark and label the packageMark and label the package Prepare a documentPrepare a document Provide Emergency Response infoProvide Emergency Response info

Hazardous Material TableHazardous Material Table

••49 CFR 172.101 49 CFR 172.101 ••Listed alphabetically by proper shipping nameListed alphabetically by proper shipping name••Hazardous Substances (appendix A)Hazardous Substances (appendix A)

Column 2 Proper Shipping NameColumn 2 Proper Shipping Name

•Listed Alphabetically•Chemical Names•Chemical Family•By Use•Hazard Class•Other

•Italics•See•Singular/Plural•n.o.s.

HMTHMT

Column 1 SymbolsColumn 1 Symbols Column 2 Proper Shipping NameColumn 2 Proper Shipping Name Column 3 Hazard ClassColumn 3 Hazard Class Column 4 UN Identification NumberColumn 4 UN Identification Number Column 5 Packing GroupColumn 5 Packing Group Column 6 Labeling RequirementsColumn 6 Labeling Requirements Column 7 Special ProvisionsColumn 7 Special Provisions Column 8 Exemptions and PackagingColumn 8 Exemptions and Packaging

172.101 Appendix A172.101 Appendix A

Hazardous SubstancesHazardous Substances Is it Listed in Appendix A?Is it Listed in Appendix A?Does it Equal or Exceed the Reportable Does it Equal or Exceed the Reportable

Quantity per package?Quantity per package?

Hazard ClassesHazard Classes

1 Explosives1 Explosives 2 Gases2 Gases 3 Flammable Liquids3 Flammable Liquids 4 Flammable Solids4 Flammable Solids 5 Oxidizers5 Oxidizers

6 Toxic Materials6 Toxic Materials 7 Radioactive7 Radioactive 8 Corrosive Materials8 Corrosive Materials 9 Miscellaneous9 Miscellaneous

Part 173 Subpart D

Packing GroupPacking Group

PG I = Great DangerPG I = Great Danger PG II = Medium DangerPG II = Medium Danger PG III = Minor DangerPG III = Minor Danger

Indicates the Indicates the ““degree of dangerdegree of danger”” Classes 2, 7, Division 6.2 and ORMClasses 2, 7, Division 6.2 and ORM--D do D do

not have packing groupsnot have packing groups

Small Quantity ExceptionSmall Quantity Exception

Some Hazard ClassesSome Hazard Classes Maximum Quantity per inner containerMaximum Quantity per inner container30 ml or 30 g30 ml or 30 g

Gross mass of package not to exceed 64 Gross mass of package not to exceed 64 poundspounds

Mark package with Mark package with ““This package This package conforms to 49 CFR 173.4conforms to 49 CFR 173.4””

Materials of TradeMaterials of Trade

Materials not subject to DOT requirements other Materials not subject to DOT requirements other than 173.6than 173.6

Limited to specific Classes and DivisionsLimited to specific Classes and Divisions Gross mass limited depending upon Packing GroupGross mass limited depending upon Packing Group

PG I PG I –– 1 lb or 1 pt1 lb or 1 pt PG II or III PG II or III –– 66 lbs or 8 gallons66 lbs or 8 gallons

Packaging requirements Packaging requirements Hazard CommunicationHazard Communication Aggregate Gross Weigh of all not to exceed 440 lbsAggregate Gross Weigh of all not to exceed 440 lbs

Select Authorized PackageSelect Authorized Package

ColumnColumn(8A) Exceptions(8A) Exceptions(8B) Non(8B) Non--BulkBulk(8C) Bulk(8C) Bulk

Go to 49 CFR 173.***

UN MarkingUN Marking

4G/Y29 Gross Mass

MarkingMarking

Proper Shipping nameProper Shipping name Identification Number Identification Number Technical Name (if Technical Name (if

Required)Required) ShipperShipper’’s name and s name and

addressaddress Liquids require packaging Liquids require packaging

orientation arrowsorientation arrows

Flammable liquid, toxic, n.o.s.(Toluene, chlorothalanil) UN1992

Flammable liquid label

Poison label

Orientation Arrows

Customer Name& Address

General Labeling for Non-Bulk PackagingGeneral Labeling for Non-Bulk Packaging

Column 6Column 6 Primary and Subsidiary HazardsPrimary and Subsidiary Hazards

6

Prepare DocumentationPrepare Documentation

-- the the ““basic descriptionbasic description””

-- the required sequencethe required sequence

-- responsibility of the responsibility of the shippershipper

Shipping PapersShipping Papers

Must be retained for Must be retained for 2 years2 years

No specific format No specific format unless hazardous unless hazardous wastewaste

Must accurately Must accurately describe materialdescribe material

Shipper’s CertificationShipper’s Certification

““This is to certify that the aboveThis is to certify that the above--named materials named materials are properly classified, described, packaged, are properly classified, described, packaged, marked and labeled, and are in proper condition marked and labeled, and are in proper condition for transportation according to the applicable for transportation according to the applicable regulations of the Department of Transportation.regulations of the Department of Transportation.””

Signature requiredSignature required Air requirementAir requirement

““I declare that all of the applicable air transport I declare that all of the applicable air transport requirements have been met.requirements have been met.””

Emergency InformationEmergency Information

Emergency Response Telephone #Emergency Response Telephone #Monitored at all times by Qualified personMonitored at all times by Qualified personof Shipper or Other Qualified Organizationof Shipper or Other Qualified Organization

Basic Description, Health hazards, Risks, Basic Description, Health hazards, Risks, Immediate precautions, Fire fighting info, Immediate precautions, Fire fighting info, Spill/Leak info, First AidSpill/Leak info, First Aid

Must be on shipping papers or attached to Must be on shipping papers or attached to shipping papersshipping papers

Air ShipmentsAir Shipments

Requirements for shipping by air more Requirements for shipping by air more stringent than by groundstringent than by ground

Need to use List of Dangerous GoodsNeed to use List of Dangerous GoodsChapter 4 of IATA Dangerous Goods Chapter 4 of IATA Dangerous Goods

RegulationsRegulations Lists quantity limitations for cargo and Lists quantity limitations for cargo and

passenger aircraftspassenger aircrafts

Packing InstructionsPacking Instructions

Chapter 5Chapter 5 Select packageSelect package General packaging requirements (5.0.2)General packaging requirements (5.0.2) Do not forget to check any Operator Do not forget to check any Operator

Variations (what airline or carrier are you Variations (what airline or carrier are you using)using)

Marking and LabelingMarking and Labeling

Chapter 7Chapter 7UN Identification Number, Proper Shipping UN Identification Number, Proper Shipping

NameNameName and Address of the shipper and Name and Address of the shipper and

consigneeconsigneeCargo Aircraft OnlyCargo Aircraft Only

Shippers DeclarationShippers Declaration

Chapter 8 DocumentationChapter 8 DocumentationShippers Declaration for Dangerous Goods Shippers Declaration for Dangerous Goods

and Air Waybilland Air Waybill

SecuritySecurity

Security Awareness TrainingSecurity Awareness TrainingAll hazmat employeesAll hazmat employees

Security PlanSecurity PlanRequired facilitiesRequired facilities