what is a lca what are en15804 and pef what are epd and ... · iso 14020 environmental labels and...
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What is a LCA?
What are EN15804 and PEF?
What are EPD and PEF Declaration?
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Content
1. What is a Life Cycle Assessment?
2. Why performing LCA?
3. LCA standards
4. EN 15804
5. EN 15804 Impact categories
6. What is an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)?
7. PEF – Product Environmental Footprint
8. Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCRs)
9. PEF Impact categories
10.Example of product system life cycle
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What is a Life Cycle Assessment?
A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a standardized tool that reviews the environmental impact of products throughout their entire life cycle.
It is a global analysis of the environmental burdens, directly or indirectly caused by a product, a material, a process, or even more in general, by a system.
To date, it is the most recognized method to quantify environmental impacts over the entire life cycle.
LCA from cradle to grave
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Why performing LCA?
Closing cycles
Save virgin
raw materials
Avoid
emissions
and waste
INTEGRAL CHAIN MANAGEMENT
LCA shows:
where to reduce environmental burdens
where to save costs
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LCA standards
European and International standards dealing with LCA in construction products:
ISO 14040 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework
ISO 14044 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines
ISO 14020 Environmental labels and declarations - General principles for labels and declarations of products, systems and services
ISO 14025 Type III – Environmental Product Declarations
ISO 21930 is based on the ISO 14025 norm, but is more specifically related to building products
EN 15804 Sustainability of construction works - Environmental product declarations - Core rules for the product category of construction products
EN 15942 Communication format (EPD)
PEF Method 2013
PEF Guidance 2013
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EN 15804
Provides core product category rules for all construction products and services.
It provides a structure to ensure that all EPD are derived, verified and presented in a harmonized way.
It is organized in modules (mandatory/optional) covering different life cycle stages.
The indicators declared in the individual information modules of a product life cycle shall not be added up in any combination of the individual information modules into a total or sub-total of the life cycle stages.
Declarations based on EN 15804 are not comparative assertions per se.
7 environment impact categories.
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EN 15804 Impact categories
The Life Cycle Impact on the environment is divided into categories
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What is an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)?
The EPD provides LCA-based information to assess the environmental performance of products over their entire life cycle, from cradle to grave
EPD is a standard way of communicating the output of a life cycle assessment
Simply said, EPD is an harmonised communication format of your LCA
Can be used for different LCA standards (ISO 14040 series and EN 15804*)
* Construction products standards
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PEF – Product Environmental Footprint 1
In 2013 the European Commission launched a major new initiative called:
“The Single Market for Green Products”
The rationale for this initiative was summarised by the Commission as :
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PEF – Product Environmental Footprint 2
Legislative package, ‘Boosting the Single Market for Green Products’ (April 2013) Communication & Recommendation addressed to Member States and private sector to
perform LCA based analysis using PEF Method
Harmonized methodology
Applicable to all products (PEF) and Organizations (OEF – Organization Environmental Footprint)
To ensure better understanding of consumer behavior & provide better information on the environmental footprints of products, including preventing the use of misleading claims, and refining eco-labelling schemes.
Still ongoing process
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Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCRs)
Provide specific rules to calculate the environmental footprint for a certain product group, including benchmark and, if appropriate, performance grades.
Each PEFCR focuses on the most relevant life cycle stages, processes and impact categories for the product group in scope.
A declaration compliant with a PEFCR can be used to make comparisons and comparative assertions.
15 impact categories (8 more than EN 15804 ones).
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PEF Impact categories
Eutrophication of freshwater: ecosystem's response to the addition of artificial or natural
substances to an aquatic system
Eutrophication marine
Freshwater ecotoxicity: how chemicals affects environment and the organisms living in it
Human toxicity - cancer effects
Human toxicity – non-cancer effects
Particulate matter/Respiratory inorganics: a.k.a. particle pollution is a complex mixture of
extremely small particles and liquid droplets
Ionising radiation – human health effects
Resource depletion: depletion of water
Land transformation
In addition to EN 15804
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Example of product system life cycle
The entire cycle that goes from “cradle to grave”:
Product stage: manufacturing of all system components including transport and all processes upstream of the manufacturing stage, e.g. raw material supply or energy provision
Construction process stage: transport of the complete system to the building site/trench and installation of system (building/trench)
Use stage: operation (installed pipe
system), maintenance, repair and
replacement, including all transport
End of life stage: de-construction,
reuse, demolition, recycling and disposal
of the complete pipe system, including all
transport
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Recycling /
Reuse /
Disposal
Resource
Extraction
Manufacturing
On-site
Construction
Occupancy /
Maintenance
Demolition
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