what is a suffix?
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What is a suffix?. A suffix is a word part that is added to the end of a word. Sometimes it changes the meaning of a word and its part of speech. Suffix -ed. The suffix –ed is added to verbs (action words) to place the action in the past. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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What is a suffix?
• A suffix is a word part that is added to the end of a word. Sometimes it changes the meaning of a word and its part of speech.
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Suffix -ed
• The suffix –ed is added to verbs (action words) to place the action in the past.
(For example: Today I clean, yesterday I cleaned the house.)
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-ed has three sounds.
If a base word ends in the sound /d/or /t/, adding -ed makes another syllable that says /ed/ and is pronounced as an extra syllable. For example: faintED
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Some regular past tense words that say /ed/
acted frosted
added shouted
ended avoided
painted started
crowded counted
started floated
pointed landed
sounded printed
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-ed says /d/• If the base word ends in a voiced consonant sound, the
ending ed says /d/ (For example: arrive/arrived; waved is pronounced /wayvd/)
• The -ed ending is not pronounced as an extra syllable.
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Some regular past tense words that say /d/
called crawled
yelled destroyed
stayed screamed
rained allowed
screamed yelled
spelled frowned
learned enjoyed
failed listened
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-ed says /t/If the base word ends in an unvoicedconsonant sound, the ending -ed says /t/(jumped). Unvoiced consonant soundsare c, ch, f, gh, k, ks, p, s, sh, t...etc– the –ed sound sounds like /t/ and is notpronounced as an extra syllable. (Forexample: forced – pronounced /forst/)
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Some regular past tense words that say /t/
asked wished
helped walked
packed mixed
laughed cracked
passed dressed
forced fixed
licked bumped
thanked jumped
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Add –ed to a regular verb
The most common spelling characteristicof the regular past tense of a verb is that -ed is added to the base form of the verb:for example, opened, knocked, stayed, etc.
(Examples of irregular verbs are go, went, gone. We will learn these later).
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*note: Words ending in w,x,y,z do not follow this rule, simply add ED, Examples: snow > snowed
One-syllable words: If the word ends in a CVC pattern, it gets a double consonant + ED. Examples: rub – rubbedstop - stopped
Two-syllable words:•If the stress is on the first syllable, the word only gets one consonant + ED.Examples: visit – visitedopen – opened•If the stress is on the second syllable, the word gets a double consonant + ED.Examples: refer – referredadmit - admitted
Rule 1: Words ending with a C-V-C Pattern
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Rule 2: Words ending in E
If the word ends in E, simply add DExamples: smile – smiledfine - fined
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Rule 3: Words ending in Y
Consonant + Y If the word ends in Y, and has a consonant before it, change the y to i and add ed.Examples: study – studiedmarry - marriedVowel + YIf the word ends in Y, and has a vowel before it, simply add ED.Examples: play – playedstay - stayed
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Rule 4: Other words...
Words ending in two vowels + a consonant If the word ends in two vowels + a consonant, simply add ED.Examples: dream -dreamedrain - rained
Words ending in a double consonant:If the word ends in a double consonant, simply add ED.Examples: park -parkedearn- earned