WHAT IS BIOLOGY?????WHAT IS BIOLOGY?????

DefinitionDefinition

Bio - _Bio - _lifelife__________________

Logy - _Logy - _study of___________study of___________

Biology - __Biology - __study of lifestudy of life____________________

So what makes something So what makes something living?living?

What do you think are some of the What do you think are some of the characteristics that make something characteristics that make something living?living?

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Characteristics of LifeCharacteristics of Life

1)1) Contains cells – Cells are the basic unit Contains cells – Cells are the basic unit of life. of life.

Unicellular – contains ONE cellUnicellular – contains ONE cell

Multicellular – contains many cellsMulticellular – contains many cells

Characteristics of LifeCharacteristics of Life

2) Grow and Reproduction2) Grow and Reproduction

Types of ReproductionTypes of Reproduction

1)1)Asexual ReproductionAsexual Reproduction

2)2)Sexual ReproductionSexual Reproduction

Characteristics of LifeCharacteristics of Life

3) Contain Genetic Material 3) Contain Genetic Material - DNADNA- Instructions for a cellInstructions for a cell

Characteristics of LifeCharacteristics of Life

4) Energy (Metabolism) –4) Energy (Metabolism) –

Organisms must obtain energy through Organisms must obtain energy through different processdifferent process

Ex. Cellular RespirationEx. Cellular Respiration

Ex. PhotosynthesisEx. Photosynthesis

Characteristics of LifeCharacteristics of Life

5) Able to maintain Homeostasis5) Able to maintain Homeostasis- The internal balance in an The internal balance in an

EnvironmentEnvironment

Ex. Sweating when you workoutEx. Sweating when you workout

Ex. Shivering when coldEx. Shivering when cold

Characteristics of LifeCharacteristics of Life

6) Respond to Stimuli – Reaction in their 6) Respond to Stimuli – Reaction in their environment.environment.

Ex. A tree growing inEx. A tree growing in

The presence of The presence of

The sun. The sun.

Characteristics of LifeCharacteristics of Life

Other CharacteristicsOther Characteristics

7) Being Highly Organized 7) Being Highly Organized

8) Being able to adapt8) Being able to adapt

ReviewReview

What is the smallest unit of matter?What is the smallest unit of matter?

ATOMS – Composed of three different ATOMS – Composed of three different types of particlestypes of particles

-Proton -Proton

-Neutron -Neutron

-Electron -Electron

Protons, Neutrons, ElectronsProtons, Neutrons, Electrons

All small in size and massAll small in size and mass

Number of protons = _______Number of protons = _______

- Charge __- Charge __

Number of electrons = ______Number of electrons = ______- Charge __- Charge __

Neutrons = ______Neutrons = ______

- Charge __- Charge __

Does increasing the number of Does increasing the number of protons and electrons increase the protons and electrons increase the atomic mass?atomic mass?

ElementsElements

An element is a pure substance that An element is a pure substance that can not be broken down furthercan not be broken down further

There are over 100 types of There are over 100 types of elements, 92 are naturally occurring.elements, 92 are naturally occurring.

Each element has its own symbol Each element has its own symbol and atomic number. and atomic number.

6 6 CC Carbon Carbon

Periodic TablePeriodic Table

Page 149 in bookPage 149 in book

Also can find as a separate handoutAlso can find as a separate handout

Identify the RowsIdentify the Rows

Identify the ColumnsIdentify the Columns

Grouped according to their physical Grouped according to their physical and chemical properties.and chemical properties.

What structure is this?What structure is this?

IsotopesIsotopesDifferent number of neutrons.Different number of neutrons.

Same number of protons and Same number of protons and electrons.electrons.

Therefore isotopes are the same Therefore isotopes are the same element, just different number of element, just different number of neutrons.neutrons.

Ex. CarbonEx. Carbon

C-12C-12

C- 13C- 13

C -14 C -14

What is a compound?What is a compound?

It is the pure substance formed when It is the pure substance formed when

Two or more Two or more differentdifferent elements come elements come together.together.

Ex. NaCl – Table saltEx. NaCl – Table salt

HH220 – Water0 – Water

Types of Chemical BondsTypes of Chemical Bonds

Covalent Bonds – a type of bond where Covalent Bonds – a type of bond where electrons are equally shared electrons are equally shared

Ionic Bonds –a type of bond when Ionic Bonds –a type of bond when oppositely charged atoms bond oppositely charged atoms bond togethertogether

Ex. Positive – Negative NaClEx. Positive – Negative NaCl

Van der Waals Forces – we will discuss Van der Waals Forces – we will discuss during waterduring water

Covalent BondsCovalent Bonds

HomeworkHomework

Directions: Write and answer these 5 questions on a separate sheet of paper Directions: Write and answer these 5 questions on a separate sheet of paper and turn in January 12, 2008 at the and turn in January 12, 2008 at the beginningbeginning of the period. Do not forget of the period. Do not forget to study for your lab safety quiz!!! to study for your lab safety quiz!!!

1.1. Draw an example of something living? Tell me why you consider it Draw an example of something living? Tell me why you consider it living and not non-living? living and not non-living?

2.2. What is homeostasis? Why do you think it is an important What is homeostasis? Why do you think it is an important characteristic of life? characteristic of life?

3.3. Is carbon dioxide COIs carbon dioxide CO22 an element or compound and an element or compound and explainexplain why? why?

4.4. How many electrons, protons, and neutrons does Boron have? How many electrons, protons, and neutrons does Boron have?

5.5. Where can you find these electrons, protons , and neutrons? Where can you find these electrons, protons , and neutrons?