what is cancer-(nop-2010).ppt

7/27/2019 What is cancer-(Nop-2010).ppt

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WHAT IS CANCER ? !

Dairion Gatot

Divisi Hematology -Onkology MedicInternal Departement of Medical Faculty of

North Sumatera University /Haji Adam Malik General Hospital,

Medan 2010


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Definition

Tumor

Neoplasma

Benigna

cancer

( = cancer = lobster)

Maligna


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Group of diseases

Progressif and uncontrol (abnormal)

development to be enlargement tumor(Neoplasma) Tumor benigna and malignant. Benigna tumor : abnormal development, is not

spread.

Malignan tumor : abnormal development,spread, metastase.

Tumor solid = hard cancer, Tumor non solid =liquid cancer


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Mitosis/miosis activity

EUKARIOT CELL (Ex: Human Cell )


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computer

Program

Analysis Data

Instruction

Program

Printer

output

DNA


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PATOGENSIS OF CANCER ?


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Etiology

Uncontrol development

Miosis/mitosis

Gen damage

Radiation

? ?


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Virus

Carsinogen chemistry

Environment

Normal celCancer cel

transformation


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DNA

Mutation = change from instruction program


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CANCER CHARACTERISTIC ?


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Progressif, uncontrol. Metastatic

stadium IV Non infectious

Herediter (?) Genetik !

CancervsNormal


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Cancer :

Uncontrol development and

proliferation

Immortal

To presure normal cell

Cancer vs Normal


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Progresifitas cancer cell

Cancer Cell size :

One milyar cancercell = nail

spuit

One billion cancer

cell =strowberry

230 = 1,073,741,824= 1 milyar cell

2-6 week

Mitosis cancer cell every2-6 week

2-6 week

2-6 week


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METASTASIS CANCER ?


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Stadium / tahap


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SIMPTOM AND SIGN

Bowel and urine disorders

Ulcus Chronic

Bleeding uncontrol

Mass or and calsificatie

Dysphagia

Dyspepsia chronic

Hoarness and cough


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Karsinoma (cancersurface area)

CANCER TYPE AND LOCATION

Lung

Breast

Colon

bladder

Prostat (male)

Leukemia

Limfoma

Sarkoma

(musculo skeletal)


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CANCER DIAGNOSTIC

CYITOLOGIS /HISTOPHATOLOGY

CLINIS

(STAGING)

IMUNOHISTOCHEMISTY

ONCOMARKERRADIOGRAFI


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HEMATOLOGY MALIGNACY

Dr.Dairion Gatot Sp.PD


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Maturasi and Stem cell Diferentiation


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Malignancy Hematology :

From single cel , bone marrow, thymus or lymphoid

perifer system.

- Cel , genetic mutationmalignant

transformation malignant cel.

- Excessive mitosis and uncontrolclone malignant

cel. And or resisten forApoptosis-Progresife mutasi clone malignant celsubclone

maligna cel

(Atul Mechta-Victor Hoffbrand, Hematoloogi at a Glance)

INTRODUCTION


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Classification :

Characteristic malignancy hematology and lymphoid :

3 Characteristic :

Aggressiveness:Acute versus Chronic

Lineage: Lymphoidversus Myeloid

Predominant Site of Involvement: Blood and

Bone Marrowversus Tissue


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De Vita


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DIAGNOSTIC OF ACUTE LEUCAEMIA

SIMPTOM SIGNS

Fatigue,Malaise,Dyspnea Anemia,pallor

hematome , Trombosit Bleeding

Under weight Petechia,ecchymosis,fundusBone pain,abdominal pain hemorrhage

Neurologic symptom Fever and infection

Adenopathy

Hepatosplenomegali

Gum hypertrophy

Skin infiltration


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Blood periferal : Retikulosit

Dif-tel manual Bone Marrow

Aspirasi

Cytomorpholog

Cytogenetic (molecular

genetic) Immunophenotyping

Histologi/Biopsi

Blood chemisty:

. Elektrolit, creatinin, uric acid, Ca,LDH

Serologi Virus

APTT, PT, Fibr.,D-Dimer

SPEP I n MM atau Bcell

malignancy Blood Bank

HLA

L.P. pd ALL

CT Scan (Whole

Body/mediastinum)

DIAGNOSTIC OF ACUTE LEUCAEMIA


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Clasification FAB ,Akut Leukaemia


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Treatment of acute leukemia

Phase 1: INDUCTION Target complete remission Temporary (reversible) aplasia

Phase 2 : POST REMISSION Maintain remission (Last timemaintenance therapy Intensive consolidation therapy Stem cell transplantation


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Criteria for Remission in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

Less than 5% myeloblasts in the bone marrow

Restoration of normal hematopoieis

Resolution of cytogenetic abnormalities

Resolution of any evidence of extramedullary leukemia (granulocytic sarcomas)

EBM

Criteria for Remission in Acute Leukemia

Hematologic Complete Response:

BM Aspirasi : Normal cellularity dan < 5% Blast dari semua

cell berintiDarah Tepi : Tanpa cell lekemia dan

Lekosit > 3000/mm3

Granulosit > 1500/mm3

Trombosit > 100.000/mm3

Lain lain : tak ada tanda klinik lekemia LUMC

what is cancer-(nop-2010).ppt

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