what is culture? “that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs,...
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What is Culture?
“That complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs, and any other capabilities
and habits acquired by man as a member of society”
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Learning Objectives
• 1. Define key terms in cultural anthropology
• 2. Classify examples by which area of cultural knowledge they represent
• 3. Differentiate between terms through identifying examples
• 4. Illustrate understanding of terms through the use of a personal example
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What is Culture?
• Consisting of _________________________
• ____________knowledge and behavior shared by ________________________
• Everything we are outside of ______________• _____________________that a group of
individuals share
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What is Society?
• Refers to ________________ _________________________
• Differs from culture because of its __________________
• __________= ____________
‘Rural’ & ‘Southeast’ = geographical descriptions
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Elements of Culture
• Culture is _________________• Ability to
________________________
• How?• ________________________________
• ____________________________
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Elements of CultureHow is Culture Learned?
• Enculturation
• _____________________________
• Acculturation
• ___________________________
• Assimilation
• ___________________________
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Element of CultureHow is Culture Learned?
• Diffusion: ____________________________
• Independent Invention: ___________________
• Note: Both are considered components of cultural change
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Elements of Culture
• Culture is _______________
• People share a _______________
• People are capable of ________________with each other without ____________________________
• Culture is reflected by a set of _____________________
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Elements of Culture
• Patterns of Behavior – present in all cultures
• ___________________________________
• _________________________________
• Human behavior will vary ________________
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Elements of Culture
• Cultural Knowledge
• All the knowledge and information about the world, for any cultural group
• Anthropologists recognize that the knowledge of any cultural group differs from the knowledge of any other group
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Elements of CultureCultural Knowledge
• Norms: ___________________________
• Implies
• ___________________________
• ___________________________
• _____________________________
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Elements of CultureCultural Knowledge
• Norms, continued
• Examples
• ___________
• ___________
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Elements of CultureCultural Knowledge
• Values
• Defined as: ________________________ __________________________________
• __________________about the worthwhileness of goals and lifestyles
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Elements of CultureCultural Knowledge
• Values, continued• _____________________________________
• Profound, but partly unconscious, ___________________
• ________________
• ________________
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Elements of CultureCultural Knowledge
• Culture is ______________________
• Symbol: _______________________ _______________________________
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Elements of CultureCultural Knowledge
• Culture is _____________
• ___________________ ___________________
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Elements of CultureCultural Knowledge
• Taboo
• Those actions that are _________________
• Some __________, while some ____________
• Examples
• ______________
• ______________
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Human Diversity in Time & Space
• Universality
• Something that ____________________
• Examples include:
• ____________
• _____________
• ____________
• ____________
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Human Diversity in Time & Space
• Generality
• ____________________________________
• Examples:
• ___________
• __________________
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Human Diversity in Time & Space
• Particularity
• ______________
• Examples
• ____________
Bara tomb in the Isalo National Park, Madagascar
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Levels of Culture
• International Culture:
• _________________________________
• National Culture:
• __________________________________
• __________________________________
• Subcultures:
• ____________________________________
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Culture & Biology
• Do culture differences have a biological basis?
• Biological Determinism
• _____________________________________
• ____________________________________
• ________________________________________
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Culture and Biology
• We will discuss nature vs. nurture later in the course but for now be aware that:
• _________________________________
• ___________________________________
• Some ‘behaviors’ are believed to have a _____________ ____________________________________________
• _____________
• ______________
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• Many populations experience a _________ ____________________________
• Anthropologists Found:
• ___________________________________
• What unites these regions?
• _________________________________
Example of Coevolution: Got
Milk?
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Ethnocentrism, Cultural Relativism, and Human
Rights• Ethnocentrism
• Cultural relativism
• Stereotype
• Cultural Generalization
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SummaryCulture is:
• __________________________________
• ____________________________________
• ______________________________________