what is matter? - long branch public schools · atoms are matter water –h 2 o is matter hydrogen...
TRANSCRIPT
What is Matter?CHAPTER 2 SECTION 1
Objectives & Essential Questions:
1. Define what is matter and what it is made up of.
2. Identify differences and similarities of substances and mixtures
Essential Question:
How do compounds, molecules differ from one another? How do we
know if an object is a mixture or pure substance?
Name: __________
Date: __________
Scientific Method
Cornell Notes
Essential Question:
Questions:Notes:
Summary:
How do compounds, molecules differ from one another? How do
we know if an object is a mixture or pure substance?
Matter
Chemistry is the study of matter and how it
changes.
Everything you use daily, from soap to food
to glue, you choose because of chemistry –
either because of what it is made of or how
it changes.
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Matter
You are made of matter.
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies
space.
All materials you can hold or touch are matter.
Atoms are Matter
Water – H2O is matter
Hydrogen is an element. An element is a
substance that cannot be broken down into
simpler substances.
Elements are made of atoms. An atom is the
smallest particle that has the properties of an
element.
Compounds
Water is a compound.
A compound is a
substance made of
atoms of more than one
element bound together.
Molecules
Atoms can join together to make millions of
different molecules just as letters of the
alphabet combine to form different words.
Molecules are the smallest unit of a substance
that exhibits all of the properties characteristic
of that substance.
Chemical Formulas
Chemical formulas represent compounds and molecules.
For example the chemical formula for sugar is C12H22O11.
Each molecule of the sugar contains:
12-Carbon atoms
22-Hydrogen atoms
11-Oxygen atoms.
Pure Substance or Mixture?
When people use the word pure, they usually mean “not mixed with anything else.”
A pure substance is matter with a fixed composition and definite properties.
Grape juice isn’t a pure substance. It is a mixture of many different pure substances, such as water, sugars, acid, and vitamins.
Mixtures classification
Mixtures are classified by how thoroughly the substance mix.
A mixture like flour and water is called a heterogeneous mixture because the substances aren’t uniformly mixed.
A mixture like salt and water is called a homogeneous mixture because is the same throughout.
A substance like gasoline is miscible. Miscible describe
two or more liquids that are able to dissolve into each
other in various proportions.
A mixture of oil and water is immiscible. Immiscible
describes two or more liquids that do not mix into each
other.