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What is Science? Science Journal Notes Include these pictures or diagrams in your science journal.

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Page 1: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

What is Science?

Science Journal Notes

Include these pictures or diagrams in your science journal.

Page 2: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

I. Scientific SkillsScience: a method of learning about the natural world.

Page 3: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

A. Observing: Using your senses (i.e. seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling and touching) to gather information.

Page 4: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

4

Quantitative Observation: Description using numbers. (ex. 5 cats, 110 meters) “Quantity”

!

Qualitative Observation: Description using words. (ex. tall, dense, soft, yellow) “Quality”

Page 5: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

B. Inferring: Explaining your observations based on prior knowledge.

C. Predicting: Making a forecast of what will happen in the future based on prior knowledge.

Page 6: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

II. Branches of Physical Science☼ Physical Science is the study of matter, energy, and the changes they undergo. !

Page 7: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

Chemistry: The study of the properties of matter and how matter changes.

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Physics: The study of matter, energy, motion and forces and how they interact.

Page 8: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

III. The Process of Scientific InquiryScientific Inquiry: The method by which scientists learn about the world.

Page 9: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

“The” Scientific Method

Page 10: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

A. Posing Questions • Scientific questions can be answered

by carrying out experiments. • Scientific inquiry cannot answer

questions based on opinions or values. !

Page 11: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

B. Developing Hypotheses Hypothesis: A possible answer or

explanation for an observation that can be tested in an experiment.

!

TPS: Give an example of a scientific hypothesis.

Page 12: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

C. Designing an Experiment Parameter: A factor that can be

measured in an experiment. Ex. Temperature, height, number of

mice

Page 13: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

Manipulated (Independent) Variable: The variable that is purposely changed in an experiment.

Responding (Dependent) Variable: The variable that changes in response to the manipulated variable.

Controlled Variables: The factors you keep the same during an experiment.

!

Page 14: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

TPS: Suppose you wanted to test whether a steel or wood-framed building is better at withstanding an earthquake. Identify the manipulated and responding variables for this experiment. What factors would you control for?

Page 15: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

D. Collecting and Interpreting Data Data: Facts, figures, and other

evidence gathered in an experiment. Graph: A visual representation of data. Plant Growth in Soils with Differnet pH

Aver

age

Plan

t Gro

wth

(cm

)

0.0

15.0

30.0

45.0

60.0

pH6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2

GraphData Table

Page 16: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data supports, or does not support, the hypothesis. F. Communicating Results • Scientists report their findings in published journals and at conferences. !

Page 17: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

IV. How Science Develops☼ Scientists use models and develop theories and laws to explain the natural world. !

Page 18: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

A. Scientific ModelsModel: A picture, diagram, or other

representation of an object or process.

The Atom Plate Tectonics

Page 19: What is Science? · PDF file · 2014-09-08II. Branches of Physical Science ... 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 Data Table Graph. E. Drawing Conclusions • Conclusions state whether the data

B. Scientific Theories and LawsTheory: A well-tested explanation for a

wide range of observations or experimental results.

Ex. Atomic Theory, Natural Selection Law: A statement that describes what

will happen every time under a given set of conditions.

Ex. Law of Gravity

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