what is science? observation of everything in the universe step 1
TRANSCRIPT
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What is Science?
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Observation of Everything in the
Universe
Step 1
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From the
Incredibly
Large
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To the IncrediblySmall
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And Everything in Between
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And Everything in Between
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Observation requires ALL
the senses!
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Sometimes your senses are not good enough, so you need HELP
Help comes in
many shapes
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It is not enough to just observe things, you must
UNDERSTAND
and EXPLAIN
what
you observe.
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Step 2
Thinking about Your
Observations
To do this, you
must move to Step 2
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To understand, you must think about how what you observedrelates to:
• what you know
• what you learn
• what you feel, and
• everything else you have experienced in your life
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AS YOU THINK, ASK QUESTIONSWhy does this happen?What makes it happen?
How can I explain what I observe?Does what I observe make sense compared to
what I know? If not, why not? If I change something, will what I observe
change?And any other question you can think of.
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Learn everything you can about what you observed. This is
called
Preliminary Research–Library
• Books• Magazines• Encyclopedia• Photographs• Newspapers• Computer resources
This also includes
Talking to people, and
Anything else that might help you understand and explain your observations
Step 3
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Step 4
Form a
HYPOTHESIS
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A HYPOTHESISis
An
EDUCATEDGUESS
That explains you observations or answers the questions you have about it.
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Step 5
TEST YOUR HYPOTHESIS
To see if it is right or wrong
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This can be done many ways!
• Make more observations of the same thing to see if it always happens in the same way.
• Create experiments – change just one thing and see if what happens is different – then change a different thing and see if what happens is different.
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Sometimes your experiments will go well and tend to prove your
hypothesis.
Just as I predicted!
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Sometimes, the experiment doesn’t turn out as you expected and you
have to start over!
Back to the drawing board!
Yikes! We really need a new hypothesis!
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Step 6• Even if your Hypothesis is
supported by your further observation or experiments, you should do even more observations and experiments to be sure you get the same results every time.
• If you do, move to step 7
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Step 7 - Conclusions
• After you do repeated experiments (trials) and analyzing the results, you reach conclusions– Do my data support or refute my hypothesis?
• If they support my hypothesis is there enough support to publish the results? Did I make any mistakes or leave any variables uncontrolled?
• If they refute my hypothesis, back to the drawing board.