what is the united nations the un was created in response to wwii after the failure of the league of...
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What is the United Nations
• The UN was created in response to WWII after the failure of the League of Nations
• Out of WWII, came a need for a worldwide forum where nations would be able to communicate peacefully
• Today it’s comprised of 191 member nations
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The UN Charter
• In 1945, representatives from 50 countries met in San Francisco at the UN Conference on International Organization to draw up the UN Charter
• The UN officially came into existence on October 24, 1945–United Nations Day is now
celebrated on this day.
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What is its Function
• Promote international cooperation • Maintain peace and security
throughout the world• Develop friendly relations amongst
nations• Cooperate in solving international
problems• Promote respect for human rights• Be a center for harmonizing the
actions of nations
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Organs of the UN
• General Assembly • Security Council• Economic and Social Council• Trusteeship Council• The Secretariat• The International Court of Justice
– Also known as The Hague
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General Assembly• “Parliament of Nations”• Each member has one vote• Decision on key issues such
as international peace and security and admitting new members are decided by two-thirds majority
• All other votes are decided by simple majority
• Holds annual sessions from September to December
• If necessary emergency sessions can be called such as during September 11th
• Has six main committees who carry out various tasks when the Assembly is not meeting
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Security Council• Fifteen Council
members—five that are permanent– China – France– Russian Federation– United Kingdom– United States
• Other Council members are elected by the General Assembly for two year terms
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Economic and Social Council
• Coordinates the economic and social work of the United Nations and the UN family of organizations
• Plays key role in fostering international cooperation for development
• Has 54 members, elected by General Assembly for three-year terms
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Trusteeship Council
• Was established to provide international supervision for 11 Trust Territories administered by the member states
• Ensure that adequate steps were taken to prepare the Territories for self-government or independence
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The Hague• Known as the
International Court of Justice, or the World Court
• Is the main justice organ of the UN
• Participation by states in a proceeding is voluntary, but if a state agrees to participate, it is obligated to comply with the Court’s decision
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The Secretariat• Carries out the
substantive and administrative work of the United Nations as directed by the General Assembly, Security Council, and the other organs.
• At its head is the Secretary-General, who provides overall administrative guidance
• Duty stations include the UN headquarters in New York, as well as Geneva, Vienna, Nairobi, and other locations.
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The UN Family
• Consists if 14 independent organizations also known as “specialized agencies” which are linked to the UN through cooperative agreements
• They have wide-ranging international responsibilities in the economic, social, cultural, educational, and health-related fields
• All these organizations have their own governing bodies, budgets, and secretariats.
• Together, they provide technical assistance and other forms of practical help in virtually all economic and social areas