UrbanisationCauses and Characteristics

2 May 2023

L.O• To be able to describe what urbanisation is

•To be able to explain the causes of urbanisation

•To be able to evaluate the distribution of urbanisation and recognise the pace at which urbanisation is happening

Characteristics and Causes of Urbanisation

What is an urban area? Urban AreaUrban Area = Is a built-up area such as a town or city.

What is Urbanisation? Urbanisation = Urbanisation = a process where an increasing proportion of the population lives in towns and cities (and there is a reduction living in rural areas).

What causes Urbanisation?

There are 2 main factors of urbanisation:

1. Rural – urban migration2. Natural increase (birth rate-death

rate)

Rural to Urban Migration

A process in which people move from the countryside to the towns and cities.

Rural to urban migration

Rural push factors City pull factors

PUSH FACTOR

PUSHFrom Rural

PUSHFrom Rural

Not enough land to support the

people. Leads to over-farming and

low yields

Due to desertification, subdivision of land into

smaller plots and debt on loans taken out to help pay

for agricultural change.

Local diseases and inadequate

medical provision.

Land traditionally used to grow food for locals now used to

produce crops for money.

Floods, tropical storms,

earthquakes

Cause people to flee

Population Growth

Agricultural Problems

Wars and civil strike Natural Disasters

Cash Crops

Health

PULL To

Urban

PULL To

Urban

In factories and service industries such as hotels – better paid than rural area

jobs.

Selling on the street, providing

transport e.g. prostitution

Education, healthcare,

entertainment

A perceived better quality of life

Employment

Informal Employment

Social Provisions

Quality of Life

Natural Increase A process resulting from rural to urban migration. A high proportion of young adults migrating into a town resulting in high levels of birth. Falling death rates due to improved medical care and more babies being born than people dying.

Urban population increasehttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/world/06/urbanisation/html/urbanisation.stm

Which parts of the world are most/ least urbanised?

Title: Chloropeth Map showing the distribution of urbanisation

Using the table of information about certain countries in the world and an atlas, colour in these countries according to the percentage of the population who live in urban areas.

You should colour them in according to which category they fall into. The most urbanised countries should be the deepest/ darkest colour and the least urbanised countries should be a lighter colour. Use A key on your map.

Which parts of the world are most/ least urbanised?

Countries

Canada 60 – 79.9%USA 60 – 79.9%Brazil 60 – 79.9%Argentina 80 – 100%Russia 60 – 79.9%UK 80 – 100%Finland 20- 39.9%Italy 60 – 79.9%Algeria 20- 39.9%

Sudan 0- 19.9%South Africa 20 – 39.9%China 40 – 59.9%India 40 – 59.9%Australia80 – 100%Saudi Arabia 80 – 100%