What social factor is a primary contributor to the recent increase in the severity (not frequency) of problems

associated with teenage pregnancy?

a) abstinence only educationb) lower likelihood of teens being married before the child is born

c) a more powerful negative stigma against the children of teen pregnancies

d) rising entry of mothers into the work force

b) The lack of a marital support structure tends to make both the mother and child more vulnerable to negative consequences

The imaginary audience is:

a) a common feature of children's pretend play, through which they practice early language

b) a process through which the overall positive impact of one's life is evaluated in later adulthood

c) a feature of adolescence, in which one believes that they are the focus of everyone's attention

c) The imaginary audience is a feature of adolescence. The imaginary audience often induces anxiety about social interaction because of the

belief that you are the focus of everyone's attention

Identity diffusion is:

a) the period of identity development aligned with adolescence

b) the adoption of the identity one believes that authority figures endorse without examination

c) a failure of identity development characterized by apathy

d) the process through which one feels less responsible when a member of a larger group

c) Identity diffusion is the failure to define values and characteristics that are important to you. Note that identity diffusion results in a general, not specific,

apathy. One may have an achieved identity but still have no opinions on a given domain.

People with identity foreclosure:

a) have successfully completed the process of identity development

b) reject their parents values and goalsc) have committed themselves to values and goals

endorsed by others without critical evaluationd) have had their identity reclaimed by the bank for

an excess of debt

c) Identity foreclosure is the adoption of the belief of others, rather than the development of one's own

beliefs.

Heinz's dilemma:

a) refers to a component of a system of evaluating moral development base on the form of moral reasoning developed by Lawrence Kohlberg

b) refers to the nature of adolescence as a dilemma between 'storm' and 'stress'

c) is whether 57 is really enoughd) the claim that Kohlberg's scale may not

accurately represent the moral development of females, but is helpful for describing that of

males.

a) In the dilemma, one is asked if Heinz should steal medicine to save his wife. What matters to the scale

is the general form that the question takes.

Spending time with people with differing views:

a) leads to identity confusionb) leads to a delay in cognitive function

c) promotes language learningd) promotes mutual understanding

d) Spending time with others who disagree with you promotes the ability to understand the views of

others

Which parenting style generally produces the best outcomes in terms

of self-esteem and autonomy:

a) permissiveb) authoritarianc)authoritatived)authoritastic

c) Authoritative parenting, that which involves both a great deal demanding from the child and

responding to the child, generally produces the most positive effects.

Which of the following contributes to the success of teenage development in a situation with higher than average family stresses:

a) foreclosed identity which leads to familial peaceb) a connection with an adult outside of the family

c) high academic successd) high SES

b) A deep connection with another adult is most helpful.

a) a sharp dip in suicide ratesb) a sharp rise in suicide rates

c) no change in suicide rates from previous years

Adolescence features:

b) Adolescence features a sharp rise in suicide rates, at least partially due to compounding emotional stress.

a) are more likely than adolescents to kill themselves, but less likely than middle adultsb) are least likely of all to kill themselvesc) are most likely of all to kill themselves

d) are as likely to kill themselves as any other age group but adolescents

People 75 and older:

c) The likelihood of suicides increases steadily as age increases, with the exception of the bump in adolescents. Older adults are still more likely to

commit suicide than adolescents even with the spike in adolescent suicide.

a) improved sanitationb)improved medical treatment

c) an increase in spiritualityd) A and B

e) all of the above

Average life expectancy improved sharply in the 20th century, this

increase is largely attributable to:

d) Improvements in sanitation and medical practices, among other things, were primary in causing this shift.

a) producing more myelin to improve conduction in a neuron

b) the creation of new synapses at a heightened rate which is a common feature of later adulthood

c) through calling on additional brain areas to support cognitive processes

d) there is no way to compensate for neuron loss

Older adults can compensate for neuron loss by:

c) Calling on additional areas allows older adults to maintain most of their capacities despite neuron loss.

a) causes identity foreclosureb) shortens lifespan due to stress

c) is harmful to older adults because it reduces their ability to enjoy leisure time

d) is helpful for older adults, and results in longer and more active lives

Being expected to contribute to society:

d) One of the primary cultural factors to which we can attribute long, active lives in Okinawa and

among the nuns from the 'nun study' is the fact that elders are still expected to contribute meaningfully.

a) Major Depressive Disorderb) Alzheimer's diseasec) Parkinson's diseased) Subcortical demntia

The most common form of dementia is:

b) Alzheimer's disease, which features reduced activity of receptors for the neurotransmitter Acetylcholine

(Ach), is the most common form of dementia.

a) is a feature of identity foreclosure where refuses to examine other possibilities for identity

b) declines rapidly in old agec) remains rather constant into old age

d) refers to the moment when one comes to terms with the psychosocial conflict of old age

Crystallized intelligence:

c) Crystallized intelligence (the ability to use skills once learned) remains rather constant in old age, while

fluid intelligence (the ability to learn) declines relatively rapidly.

a) intimacy; guiltb) ego integrity, despair

c) significance; lossd) truth; happiness

Erikson's final psychosocial stage is:

b) Erickson's final psychosocial conflict is integrity versus despair, and takes place in late adulthood.

a) self-acceptanceb) a realistic view of the self

c) honestyd) gleeful happiness

In terms of this conflict, integrity is characterized by:

a) Self-acceptance is a key feature of integrity, and is made more likely by the existence of a stable self-

concept.

a) religious involvementb) eating moderate meals

c) moderate physical activityd) moderate periods of rest

e) all of the above

Better physical health in later adulthood is brought on by:

e) All of those features result in better physical health in older adults.

a) high SESb) less reminiscence

c) social supportd) nursing homes

Which of the following foster better health in older adults by reducing

stress?

c) Social support helps reduce stress and thus brings around better physical and psychological health.

a) perception of future time as limitedb) perception of future time as limitless

c) lonelinessd) wisdom

According to socioemotional selectivity theory, a search for emotionally meaningfull social

experiences derives from:

a) The perception of time as limited prompts the search for emotional fulfillment.