what were the goals of the progressives and what were their accomplishments?
TRANSCRIPT
What were the goals of the Progressives and what were their accomplishments?
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
R. Rid problems created by industrialization
3 Goals- * government controlled by people * government regulation of economy * eliminate social injustice
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
E. Election and Political reform meant gov’t controlled by the people
Local:Commission and Council Manager
State:Initiative (people propose law)Referendum (vote on initiative)Recall (election re-do, vote can take officials out of office)
Elections:Primary ElectionsSecret Ballot17th Amendment (direct election of U.S. Senators)
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
F. Filth and corruption in business exposed by muckraking literature
Upton Sinclair’s, The Jungle
Meat Inspection Act (1906)
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
F. Filth and corruption in business exposed by muckraking literature
Lincoln Steffens, Shame of the Cities
What future does Steffens see as working???
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
F. Filth and corruption in business exposed by muckraking literature
Ida Tarbell, History of Standard Oil
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
O. Organizations (labor unions) continued to call for better working conditions, pay, and security
American Federation of Labor (Samuel Gompers)
American Railway Union (Eugene Debs)
Workers
Management
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
R. Reform makes it to the White House
Teddy Roosevelt- 1st Progressive President(1901-1909)
Policy (“Square Deal”):
* Conservation* “Trustbusting”* “Steward” of public
TR views thePresidency as a“Bully Pulpit”
TR and Conservation*established National Park Service
"There can be nothing in the world more beautiful than the Yosemite, the groves of the giant sequoias and redwoods, the Canyon of the Colorado, the Canyon of the Yellowstone, the Three Tetons; and our people should see to it that they are preserved for their children and their children's children forever, with their majestic beauty all unmarred.“Theodore Roosevelt
Jack and the Wall Street Giants
U.S. Supreme Courtdissolved the Northern Securities Company(monopoly of western railroads)
TR the “Trustbuster”
TR the “Trustbuster”
What personal characteristics areassociated with TR?
TR “Steward of Public”
Anthracite Coal Strike (1902)-
United Mine Workers strike for higher wages,8hr. day, and recognition of union. Ownersshut down mines, evicted strikers.
Who is credited with the “death” of the Coal Strike?
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
R. Reform makes it to the White House
William Howard Taft(1909-1913)-
Viewed as a less aggressive reformer thanTR, yet just as successful“trustbuster.”
TR frustrated with Taft’s conservative policiesran as a 3rd Party (“Bull Moose”)Progressive candidate.
New Nationalism-“The betterment we seek mustbe accomplished mainly throughthe National Government.”TR
Republican vote split, resulting in Democratic victory in 1912
Woodrow Wilson
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
R. Reform makes it to the White House
Woodrow Wilson (“New Freedom”)(1913-1921)
“If America is not to have free enterprisethen she can have freedom of no sortwhatever.” Wilson
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
R. Reform makes it to the White House
Restore Competition (with “checks”):
Clayton Antitrust Act (1914)- Expand Sherman Antitrust Actoutlaws price-fixing, exempts unions from Sherman Act
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)- “watch-dog” agency,requires reports from corporations to regulate big business
Federal Reserve System- central banking system, basis formodern “branch” banking system
Progressives = R-E-F-O-R-M
M. Mothers Too.
Middle Class women involved in the reforms (Prohibition).
Carrie Nation
Renewed call for women’s suffrage.(Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony)
THINK:
How might Victorian ideas aboutwomen help support the callfor women’s suffrage?
“City housekeeping has failed partly because women, the traditional housekeepers, have not been consulted.” Jane Addams
The Awakening, 1915
Wyoming, 1st state to allow women vote (1869)
National Women’s Suffrage Association callsfor national amendment.
Pressure put on Wilson to support women’s suffrage.
What is themessage?
What role in the campaignfor women’s suffrage can you attributeto WWI?
(1920) 19th Amendment ratified, granting women right to vote