What would life be like in the State of Nature? Would people generally be good to each Would people generally be good to each

other or bad to each other?other or bad to each other?

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Principles Philosophies behind the

American Democracy

The Jungle

What is life like in the state of nature?Do you feel Safe?

Do you require protections in the state of nature?

What is your Nature?

Do you see Do you see the glass as the glass as half empty half empty or half full?or half full?

Expanded Government Describes the State of

Nature as, “a state of war of all against all”…”and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short”

Leviathan

Thomas Hobbes

Thomas Hobbes

Wrote, “the Leviathan,’Life without government is "nasty,

brutish, and short”Social Contract: Government is protector

of people. In return, people agree to limiting certain rights. (ie. Patriot Act)

Limited Government

LockeLockeRousseauRousseau

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Felt that the Felt that the

main duty of main duty of government government should be to should be to maintain as maintain as much freedom much freedom as possible in a as possible in a civilized civilized society.society.

John Locke Believed that the Believed that the primary purpose primary purpose of government of government was to protect was to protect each citizen’s each citizen’s natural right to natural right to lifelife, , libertyliberty and and propertyproperty..

Social Contract Theory

Natural Law

Locke believed that in an ideal state of Locke believed that in an ideal state of nature, the law of nature would nature, the law of nature would prevail. No one would have the right prevail. No one would have the right to interfere with natural rights.to interfere with natural rights.Did Locke believe that these ideals Did Locke believe that these ideals

existed in the state of nature?existed in the state of nature?

Consent

A social content was necessary. A social content was necessary. Individuals would agree to limit Individuals would agree to limit some of their rights for the some of their rights for the protections that only the protections that only the government could offer. government could offer.

When can a society withdraw their When can a society withdraw their consent?consent?

Popular SovereigntyPopular--Made of or for the Popular--Made of or for the

PeoplePeopleSovereignty-A Domain of Sovereignty-A Domain of

Power-A Sphere of Influence.Power-A Sphere of Influence.

People control their domain of power People control their domain of power or sphere of influence. In other words, or sphere of influence. In other words, people control the political process.people control the political process.

Then why is a government necessary at all? To Protect natural rights…To Protect natural rights…

Life---SecurityLife---SecurityLiberty—FreedomLiberty—FreedomProperty—Economic gain.Property—Economic gain.