Session 3 – Early Reformers

Brescia, Italy – Paris, France

Abbot of Brescia - 1139

Preached against wealth of church Turned many townspeople against their Bishops

Banished from Italy by Pope Innocent II Fled to Paris and studied under Abelard

Abelard: philosopher, thinker, & opponent of Bernard of Clairveaux

Joined an uprising in Rome to overthrow Papacy Referred to the Cardinal College as a “Den of Thieves”

Pope Hadrian IV Pressed Barbarossa for Arnold’s arrest

Burned at the stake and his ashes cast into Tiber river

Peter Waldo of Lyons – founder of the movement A contemporary of Francis of Assisi

Converted to Asceticism via Matt 19:21 – same verse which sparked the monastic movement 9 cent. Earlier

Believed in “free” preaching without ordination

Had some Scripture translated into French

Ordered by Pope Alexander III not to preach He preached anyways based on Acts 5:29

Peter Waldo of Lyons

Waldo was excommunicated by Pope Lucius III

He preached a “back to the Bible” theology

He preached in the “common language” of the people c.f. Arnold of Brescia

Waldo died of natural causes in 1217