which new scenarios are enabled by windows 10 for nfc, bluetooth le & ibeacons?

Which new scenarios are enabled by

Windows 10 for NFC, Bluetooth LE & iBeacons?Andreas Jakl

@andijakl

[email protected]

30.6.2015, v1.0.0

https://twitter.com/AndiJakl

mailto:[email protected]

© Andreas Jakl, Tieto Corporation

Andreas Jakl

• Mobility Evangelist, Tieto• @andijakl

• [email protected]

• mobility.builders Community• Mobile Developer After-Work Events in Vienna

• History• Mopius: Startup-Founder (NFC & Mobile Apps)

• Nokia, Finland: Technology Wizard

• FH Hagenberg: Assistant Professor Mobile Computing

• Siemens / BenQ Mobile, Germany: Augmented Reality-Apps

2

https://twitter.com/andijakl


http://mobility.builders/


Overview

• NFC• New: NFC simulation

• Smart Cards• New: raw tag access

• New: host card emulation

• Bluetooth LE• New: beacon support

3

Near Field CommunicationOpen NFC with NDEF


NFC?

5

< 1 cm

(tap)


NFC?

6

< 424 kbit / s


NFC?

7


NFC Tags

8

Tag memory size:

48 byte – few kB


NFC & NDEF Overview

9

NDEF Message

NDEF Record

(e.g., URL)…

NDEF = NFC Data Exchange Format


NDEF

• NDEF• Data container for structured data

• Does not define “how”

10

Smart Poster MIMEHand-

overCustom Empty

UriText Image vCard

Web Sms TelRecord types

Possible payloads


Open Source NDEF Library

11

Reusable

NDEF

classes

Create NDEF

messages & records(standard compliant)

Parse informationfrom raw byte arrays

Fully documentedOpen Source LGPL license

andijakl.github.io/ndef-nfc

library development

supported by:

http://andijakl.github.io/ndef-nfc/


NDEF Subscriptions

12

_device = ProximityDevice.GetDefault();

1 Activate proximity device

API documentation: bit.ly/ProximityAPI

_subscribedMessageId = _device.SubscribeForMessage("NDEF",MessageReceivedHandler);

2 Subscribe to all NDEF formatted tags

http://bit.ly/ProximityAPI


Parse Contents

13

private void MessageReceivedHandler(ProximityDevice sender, ProximityMessage message){

var msgArray = message.Data.ToArray();NdefMessage ndefMessage = NdefMessage.FromByteArray(msgArray);foreach (NdefRecord record in ndefMessage) {

// Check the type of each record if (record.CheckSpecializedType(false) == typeof(NdefUriRecord)) {

// Convert and extract URI infovar uriRecord = new NdefUriRecord(record);Debug.WriteLine("URI: " + uriRecord.Uri);

}}}

3 Parse NDEF message


Emulator: NFC

14

https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/apps/mt162269.aspx

New in Windows 10 Mobile

https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/apps/mt162269.aspx


Limitations with Proximity API

• Open tags only• Write protection possible

• Readable by everyone

• No encryption or access via keys

• Use cases• Tags with URLs on products (like QR codes)

• Bluetooth pairing

• Accessories: speakers, headsets

• Connection handover: share images or business cards between phones

15

Smart CardsLow Level NFC Interaction


Smart Cards

• Interface• Contact

(chip)

• Contactless (eg NFC compatible)

17 Image credits: Maestro paypass


Smart Card Content

• Can be very powerful• Microprocessor

• Non-volatile memory and cryptography

• Programmable apps (e.g. Java Card)

• Use cases• Credit card

• Public transport cards

• Key card for doors

• …

18


Windows Phone Support

19

Lumia 830 Lumia 730 Lumia 640 Lumia 640 XL

… + upcoming

Lumias with

NFC

&

NXP PN547

NFC chip


Initialize NFC Smart Card Reading

20

if (!Windows.Foundation.Metadata.ApiInformation.IsTypePresent("Windows.Devices.SmartCards.SmartCardConnection")) {// This SKU of Windows does not support NFC card readingreturn;

}

1 Check for API support

var devSelector = SmartCardReader.GetDeviceSelector(SmartCardReaderKind.Nfc);var devices = await DeviceInformation.FindAllAsync(devSelector);_smartCardReader =

await SmartCardReader.FromIdAsync(devices.FirstOrDefault().Id);_smartCardReader.CardAdded += SmartCardReaderOnCardAdded;

2 Find device & subscribe


Smart Card Communication

21

private async void SmartCardReaderOnCardAdded(SmartCardReader sender, CardAddedEventArgs args) {

// Get Answer to Reset (ATR) according to ISO 7816// ATR = info about smart card's characteristics, behaviors, and statevar info = await args.SmartCard.GetAnswerToResetAsync();var infoArray = info.ToArray();Debug.WriteLine("Answer to Reset: " + BitConverter.ToString(infoArray));

// Connect to the card// var connection = await args.SmartCard.ConnectAsync();// ...

}

3 Check Type & Connect


Smart Card Communication: APDU

• Application Protocol Data Unit

• Communication protocol

22

Response APDU

Status code Response data

Command APDU

Header

(Instruction code)Parameter data


Smart Card Commands

• Microsoft PC/SC Library *• Now included in Windows 10 NFC Sample

https://github.com/Microsoft/Windows-universal-samples/tree/master/nfcsample

• Detects Smart Card type

• Contains some common commands• E.g., Mifare Authentication

23 * Standalone library for Windows Phone 8.1: https://nfcsmartcardreader.codeplex.com/

https://github.com/Microsoft/Windows-universal-samples/tree/master/nfcsample

https://nfcsmartcardreader.codeplex.com/


New: Transparent Exchange

• Send custom commands• Manufacturer specific

• Commands outside of standards

• Custom cards

• => Raw tag access

24


Mifare Ultralight C Write Command

25

var writeContents = new byte[] { 0xA2, 0x08, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D };await mifareULAccess.TransparentExchangeAsync(writeContents);

Write command according

to Mifare specification

Page address

4 bytes of memory to write

… added to Microsoft NFC sample:


Mifare Ultralight C Write Command

26

var writeContents = new byte[] { 0xA2, 0x08, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D };await mifareULAccess.TransparentExchangeAsync(writeContents);

Write command according

to Mifare specification

Page address

4 bytes of memory to write

… added to Microsoft NFC sample:

Host Card EmulationVirtual Smart Cards with Apps


Host Card Emulation

• Simulate Smart Card with app• Previously (< Win 10): SIM-card as smart card• Win 10: adds app support: directly communicate with NFC reader

• Register for specific applet ID• Auto-launches app through background task

28

Thank you!

$15.61 left


Payment vs Loyalty

• Single default payment app • Multiple loyalty / coupons / transit apps (“other”)

29

“Select AID”

APDU command

Yomova Countertop Terminal – Image by CardComplete

https://www.cardcomplete.com/akzeptanzpartner/terminals/standgeraete/complete-terminal-yomova-countertop/

https://www.cardcomplete.com/akzeptanzpartner/terminals/standgeraete/complete-terminal-yomova-countertop/


HCE Support

30

if (Windows.Foundation.Metadata.ApiInformation.IsTypePresent("Windows.Devices.SmartCards.SmartCardEmulator")) // ... Supported!

1 Check for API support

var sce = await SmartCardEmulator.GetDefaultAsync();if (sce != null) // ... Supported!

2 Check for generic card emulation support

if (sce.IsHostCardEmulationSupported()) // ... Supported!

3 Check for HCE Support


HCE Setup

31

var appletIds = new List<IBuffer> { Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("MyAppletId").AsBuffer()};var aidGroup = new SmartCardAppletIdGroup("My Loyalty Card", appletIds,

SmartCardEmulationCategory.Other, SmartCardEmulationType.Host);

var reg = await SmartCardEmulator.RegisterAppletIdGroupAsync(aidGroup);var res = await reg.RequestActivationPolicyChangeAsync(policy);

Setup1

var taskBuilder = new BackgroundTaskBuilder{

Name = bgTaskName,TaskEntryPoint = taskEntryPoint

};taskBuilder.SetTrigger(

new SmartCardTrigger(SmartCardTriggerType.EmulatorHostApplicationActivated);bgTask = taskBuilder.Register();

Register Background Task2

Background taskSmartCardTrigger


Background taskSmartCardTrigger

HCE Implementation

32

Process request

Launch app for

confirmation or

user interaction

Optional

… Is your app already running in the foreground?

Can get events as well – also for payments if it’s not the default app.

TryRespondAsyncAPDU

TypedEventSmartCardEmulatorApduReceivedEventArgs


Emulator: HCE

33

Supports scripting APDU

communication with app


Details & Sample

34

Microsoft NFC Team Blog

http://bit.ly/nfc-hce

http://bit.ly/nfc-hce

Bluetooth & Beacons


Bluetooth Smart

• Bluetooth Low Energy =

• Bluetooth LE =

• Bluetooth Smart• Part of standard since 4.0

• Smart = not backwards compatible

• Support• Windows Phone 8.1+

36


Bluetooth Beacons

• Advertise in regular intervals (e.g., 100 ms)• No pairing required / possible

• Send IDs for identification

• No back communication channel

• Support• Windows 10

• Discover + advertise

37


Publisher & Watcher

38

Publisher

Payload

Watcher

Filter

Event Callback


Publish

39

_publisher = new BluetoothLEAdvertisementPublisher();

Create1

var writer = new DataWriter();const ushort uuidData = 0x1234; // Custom payloadwriter.WriteUInt16(uuidData);var manufacturerData = new BluetoothLEManufacturerData{

CompanyId = 0xFFFE, // Custom company IDData = writer.DetachBuffer()

};_publisher.Advertisement.ManufacturerData.Add(manufacturerData);

Setup2

_publisher.Start();

Start3

Company identifiers

assigned by Bluetooth SIG

We will subscribe to this

specific payload


Watch

40

_watcher = new BluetoothLEAdvertisementWatcher();

Create1

var writer = new DataWriter();const ushort uuidData = 0x1234; // Custom payloadwriter.WriteUInt16(uuidData);var manufacturerData = new BluetoothLEManufacturerData{

CompanyId = 0xFFFE, // Custom company IDData = writer.DetachBuffer()

};_watcher.AdvertisementFilter.Advertisement.ManufacturerData.Add(manufacturerData);

Setup2

_watcher.Received += WatcherOnReceived;_watcher.Start();

Start3

Same

Code!


Beacon Background Tasks

• Scan for beacons from background task• BluetoothLEAdvertisementWatcherTrigger

• Only one payload filter

• Minimal sampling interval = 1 event / sec / beacon

• Foreground = no restrictions, every event

• Requires hardware offloading feature

• Process info directly in hardware

• All new Windows 10 Mobile devices + previous flagships + Surface Pro 3

• Publish beacons in the background

41

Inte

rnal

Summary

42


New Windows 10 Scenarios

NFC Simulation

Smart Card

Transparent

Exchange

Host Card

Emulation

Bluetooth

Beacons

Inte

rnal

Thank You!

Andreas Jakl

@andijakl

[email protected]

44

https://twitter.com/AndiJakl
