1

whjeh l:dj 2016

.re ir;a talkdhl ue;s;=ud m%Odk wud;H uOHu m<d;

2015 foieïn¾ 14 jk Èk

uOHu m<d;a iNdj" m,af,lef,a

2

whjeh l:dj 2016

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

.re wud;Hjreks"

.re úmlaI kdhl;=uks"

.re uka;%S;=ñhks"

.re uka;%S;=uks"

uOHu m<d;a iNdfõ yhjeks m<d;a iNdfõ f;jeks whjeh f,aLkh

bÈßm;a lrk fï fudfydf;a iyNd.sù isák ;uqkakdkafia,d ish¿fokdu

b;du;a f.!rjfhka ms<s.ksñ' ;uqkakdkafia,d ish¿fokdu okakd mßÈ

fïjk úg w.aksÈ. wdishdfõ lsisu rgl olakg fkdue;s foaYmd,k

l%uhla rg;=< ia:dms; ù we;' fndfyda foaYmd,k mlaI" úúO cd;ska"

ue;sjrKhlska ch.%yKh l< foaYmd,k mlaI fukau m%udKj;a Pkao

,nd fkd.;a wfmalaIlhka o tl;= lr.ksñka rg ;=< hymd,khla

we;slr,Sfï wruqK we;sj rch msysgqjd we;'

m<d;a iNd l%uh furgg y÷kajdÿka od isgu m<d;a uÜgñka m%d.aOk

wdfhdackh fnodyeßh kuq;a 2016 jif¾ isg Èia;%sla wkqj m%d.aOk wruqo,a

,nd§ug ;SrKh lr we;' fuhg fya;=j ù we;af;a we;eï m<d;a iNd

úiska iuyr Èia;%slaj,g lrk ,o m%d.aOk wdfhdackh iEu jirl§u wvq

w.hlaùu j<lajd .ekSu i|ydh' tla tla Èia;%slalj, we;s iqõfYaIs

;;a;ajhka iy jdis mokï lr.ksñka wdfhdackh lsÍfuka ck;djg

/lshd wjia:d ìysùu ck;djf.a wdodhu jeäùu;a iu. rfÜ o< cd;sl

ksIamdokh jeäùu iy id¾j wd¾Ól wruqKq bgqlr .ekSug yelshdj

we;' tmuKla fkdj m%dfoaYSh ixj¾Okhg o msgqjy,la jkq we;'

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

fujr whjeh bÈßm;a lsÍfï § merKs l%uhg jvd m%Odk fjkialï

folla wkq.ukh lsÍug isÿù we;' bka m<uqjekak jkafka iïm%odhsl

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whjeh l%uhg fkdj Y=kHmdol l%uh wkq.ukh lsrSug isoqùuhs' we;a;

jYfhkau fuu l%uh wefußld tlai;a ckmofha mqoa.,sl wdh;khla

úiska m%:ufhkau y\qkajd § b;d id¾:l m%ÓM, fmkajd we;' tuksid

f,dalfha fndfyda rdcHhka fuu l%uh rdcH whjeh ilia lsÍfï§ o Ndú;d

lrkq ,efí' fuu l%uh ;=<ska hïlsis jHdmD;shla weia;fïka;= lsÍfï§

ksjerÈj weia;fïka;= l<hq;= w;r" tuksid úu¾Yk lghq;= o b;d

myiqfjka l<yels fõ' tu.ska rdcH uqo,a wjNdú;fhka f;drj ksjerÈj

jeh lsÍug bv m%ia:d ie<fia'

fojekak jQfha fuf;la l,a uydNdKav.drh iEu m<d;a iNdjla i|ydu

jeh Ys¾Ihla ,nd§ fl<skau m<d;a iNdjg uqo,a §fï l%uh fjkia lr

m<d;a md,k yd m<d;a iNd wud;HdxYh yryd m<d;a iNdjg uqo,a

,nd§uhs' fuu l%uh m<d;a iNdjg wys;lr fukau m<d;a iNd l%uh

f.khdug ndOdjla nj w;s.re ckdêm;s;=udg m<d;a m%Odk wud;Hjreka

úiska fmkajd ÿka miq w;s.re ckdêm;s;=ud úiska merKs l%uhg u uqo,a

,ndfok njg fmdfrdkaÿ úh' wmf.a b,a,Sug weyqïlka foñka jerÈ l%uh

ksjerÈ lsÍug tlÕ jQ w;s.re ckdêm;s;=udg wmf.a ia;+;sh msßkeóug

leue;af;uq'

kj rch n,hg m;aùfuka miq rfÜ oeäj mj;sk .eg¿ lsysmhla

y\qkdf.k m%Odk jevigyka 4lg m%uqL;djh ,nd§ lghq;= lsÍug

ie,iqï lr we;' tu m%uqL;djhka jkafka"

1. ji úij,ska f;dr foaYSh wdydr ksIamdokh

2. jl=.vq iy fvx.= frda.h uq,skqmqgd oeóu yd ck;djf.a fmdaIK

;;a;ajh jeäÈhqKq lsÍu

3. u;a øjH Ndú;h wju lsÍu

4. mßirh ixrlaaaIKh lrñka rfÜ jk .ykh Y%S ,xld N+ñfhka 32]

olajd jeä lsÍu

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fuu jevigyka l%shd;aul lsÍug wm m<d;a iNdjo wkq.; fjñka

l%shdl< hq;= w;r" ñka bÈßhg fï i|yd úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq lsÍug

wmg isÿfõ'

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

uu fu;eka mgka wm m<d;a iNdjg 2016 j¾Ih i|yd uqo,a fldñIka

iNdj yryd uyNdKavd.drfhka ,eîug kshñ; m%odkhka yd tu

m%odkhka fnod §ug kshñ; wdldrh oelaùug iqodkï fjñ'

fuu iduQysl m%odkhka ;=< re'ñ' 2"731'5 l uqo,la jegqma m%;smQ¾Kh yd

uka;%s §ukd fjkqfjka m<d;a md,k wdh;kj,g udre l< hq;= w;r .=re

ys`. jegqma fuu jir ;=< f.jd wjika lsÍu i|yd re'ñ' 700'0 l uqo,la

fjka lrkq ,efí'

wdodhï yd m%odkhka mqfrdal:kh re'ñ,shk

iduQysl m%odk 23"374'837

rch u.ska ,ndfok wdodhu 3"294'000

m<d;a wdodhï b,lalh

^uqoaor .dia;= yd Widú ov yer&

1"450'000

m<d;a md,k wdh;k fj; udre l< hq;=

wdodhu

uqoaor .dia;= 1"200'000

Widú ov 100'000

m<d;a ksYAÑ; ixj¾Ok m%odk 3"684'300

Wmudk mdol m%odk 423'000

úfoaYdOdr 1"067'040

tl;=j 34"593'177

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úhoï mqfrdal:kh

mqkrdj¾:k úhoï my; i|yka mßÈ fjka flfrkq we;'

re' ñ,shk

wdKavqldrjr yd ld¾h uKav,h 14.520

iNd f,alï ld¾hd,h 51.094

m%Odk wud;H yd ld¾h uKav,h 31.201

m<d;a md,k fomd¾;fïka;=j 2,700.000

fi!LH wud;H yd ld¾h uKav,h 13.688

ud¾. wud;H yd ld¾h uKav,h 16.219

l¾udka; wud;H yd ld¾h uKav,h 13.789

lDIsl¾u wud;HdxYh 14.186

m<d;a rdcH fiajfha ld¾h uKav,fha jegqma yd wfkl=;a úhoï 26,564.140

tl;=j 29,418.837

fuu m%d.aOk úhoï ;=< úfoaYdOdr jYfhka re'ñ' 1067'04 la ,efnk w;r

tu uqo, tu jHdmD;s i|ydu jeh l< hq;=h' b;sß uqo, jk re'ñ' 4107'30

l uqo, m<df;a ixj¾Ok lghq;= i|yd ta ta úIhhka i|yd wod<

wud;HxY fj; ,nd§ug kshñ;h'

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

m%d.aOk úhoï jYfhka ,efnk uqo, 2015 j¾Ihg jvd re'ñ'795 lska jeä

lr we;'

re' ñ,shk

m%d.aOk úhoï 5"174'340

mqkrdj¾:k úhoï 29"418'837

34"593'177

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wOHdmkh

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

wOHdmk fCIa;%fha oshqKqj jYfhka wm woyia lrkafka ore oershka

úNd.j,ska iu;a lr,Su muKla fkdj Tjqka iudcfha hym;a mqrjeishka

njg m;a lr,Suhs' fï i|yd mdi,a wOHdmkh fukau jD;a;Sh wOHdmkh

o ,ndÈh hq;=h' wjYH fN!;sl yd udkj iïm;a ,nd§u wmf.a

ld¾hNdrh jk w;r miq.sh j¾Ifha § fN!;sl iïm;a jYfhka mdi,a

f.dvke.s,s bÈlsÍu yd w¨;ajeähd lsÍu" .=re ksjdi bÈlsÍu yd

w¨;ajeähd lsÍu" mdi,aj,g ikSmdrCIl myiqlï ,nd§u" úÿ,sh ,nd§u"

fvia mqgq ,nd§u jeks ld¾hhka bgq l< w;r udkj iïm;a jYfhka

isxy, udOHfhka .=rejreka 1021 la o" fou< udOHfhka 1074 la o n|jd

.kakd ,o w;r" ñka jeäu ixLHdj tkï 1274 la kqjrt<sh Èia;%slalh

i|yd fõ' óg wu;rj .=re fiajfha Wiiaùï 1174 la ,nd§ wOHdmkh

by< uÜgulg f.k taug lghq;= lr we;'

2016 j¾Ifha§ wOHdmk fCIa;%fha fN!;sl iïm;a ;jÿrg;a mq¿,a lsÍu

i|yd re'ñ' 1"250 la fjkalr §ug fhdackd lrk w;r" óg wu;rj f,dal

nexl= wdOdr hgf;a ;j;a re'ñ' 430 la o hqksfi*a wdOdr hgf;a re' ñ'

24'04 la o ,ndfokq we;' fï wkqj 2015 j¾Ihg jvd 2016 j¾Ifha§ re'ñ'

1"095 la ^200] la& jeämqr wOHdmkh i|yd m%d.aOk úhoï jYfhka

wdfhdackh lrkq we;'

bvï ixj¾Okh

m<d;a iNdj ;=< rcfha wdh;k i;= bvï ksrjq,a lr.ekSug;a"

wkjirfhka mÈxÑ ù isàkï tajd ksrjq,a lr.ekSug;a bvïj,g wjYH

kS;s Í;s l%shdjg kexùug;a" bvï o;a; nexl=j hdj;ald,Sk lsÍug;a"

wdfhdackhka meñKSfï§ Bg iqÿiq bvï f;dard fjkalr .ekSug;a lghq;=

lrkq ,nk w;r ta i|yd re'ñ' 5'0 la fjkalr §ug;a fhdackd lrñ'

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>K wmøjH l<ukdlrKh

>K wmøjH l<ukdlrKh lsÍu m<d;a md,k wdh;kj, uQ,sl j.lSula

fõ' úfYAIfhkau kd.ßlrkh iy ckdjdi ìysùu jeks fya;=ka ksid

j¾;udkfha ckkh jk le<s li< m%udKh fnfyúka by< f.dia we;'

fuu le<s li< l<ukdlrKh i|yd tajd iqÿiq ;ekaj,g m%jdykh

lsÍu;a" tu.ska fldïfmdaiaÜ fmdfydr ksmoùu;a" ksfjiaj, tl;=jk le<s

li< ksjfiaoSu fldïfmdaiaÜ ksmoùu ms<sn|j ck;dj oekqj;a lsÍu;a l<

hq;=fõ' fuu jevigyka È.ska È.gu l%shd;aul l< hq;= w;r" ta i|yd

re'ñ' 55 la fjka lr§ug fhdackd lrñ'

ck.ykh jeäùu" ckdjdid ìysùu jeks fya;=ka ksid w;S;fha fuka

iqidk N+ñ bÈlsÍug bvlv fkdue;sùu ksid m<d;a md,k wdh;k u.ska

wdodykd.dr bÈlsÍu ld,Sk wjYH;djhla f,i uu olsñ' tuksid kd.ßl

yd w¾O kd.ßl m%foaYj, mj;sk iqidk N+ñj, wodykd.dr bÈlsÍu yd

.%dóh m%foaYj, ksmojk t<j¿ m,;=re wd§ lDIs ksIamdok fukau wksl=;a

ksIamdok f.dúhdg myiqfjka wf<ú lr .ekSu i|yd;aa" j¾;udkfha

.%dóh ksIamdokhka flfrys mdßfnda.slhkaf.a keUqrejla mj;sk fyhska

i;s fmd< ixj¾Okh lsÍu jeo.;a fõ' tuksid iqÿiq ia:dkhkays i;s

fmd<j,a ixj¾Okh lr ksIamdolhkag fukau mdßfNda.slhkag o

myiqjk mßÈ i;s fmd< ixj¾Okh lsÍu jeks fiajdjka iemhSu i|yd

re'ñ' 25 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

mdkSh c,h

j¾;udkfha fndfyda c, uQ,dY% wmú;% ú we;' tu c,h m%fhdackhg

.ekSfuka úúOdldr fi!LH .eg¿j,g ck;djg uqyqK §ug isÿfõ'

tuksid msßisÿ mdkSh c,h ,nd§u wmf.a hq;=lula fõ' kj mdkSh c,

jHdmD;s l%shd;aul lsÍu" wl%Sh c, jHdmD;s m%;s ixj¾Okh lsÍu" c,

uQ,dY% ixrlaIKh lsÍu" m%cduQ, ixúOdk iún, .ekaùu jeks lghq;= bgq

lsÍu i|yd re'ñ,shk 50 la fjka lr§ug fhdackd lrñ'

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m<d;a md,k ud¾. ixj¾Okh

m<d;a md,k wdh;k u.ska ksis m%ñ;sfhka hq;= ud¾. úYd, m%udKhla

ixj¾Okh lr we;;a m<df;a N+ úIu;djh" ld<.=K ;;a;ajhka

fya;=fldgf.k ud¾. Èfkka Èku ÿ¾j, ;;a;ajhg m;afõ' fïksid ud¾.

ksrka;rfhkau w¨;ajeähd lsÍug;a" kv;a;= lsÍug;a isÿfõ' úfYaIfhkau

ck;dj foAYmd,k wêldßfhka b,a,d isákafka o ud¾. w¨;ajeähd

lrfok f,ih' tuksid nia Odjkh lrk ud¾.j,g m%uqL;ajh foñka

m<d;a md,k ud¾. ixj¾Okh i|yd re' ñ,shk 110 la fjka lr §ug

fhdackd lrñ'

mQ¾j <udúh ixj¾Okh

hym;a mßmQ¾K mqoa.,hl= rgg odhdo lr§ug kï mqoa.,fhl= l=vd l<

isgu hy uÕg fhduq l< hq;= fõ' mQ¾j <udúh wOHdmkh ,nd§u i|yd

mj;ajdf.k hk iuyrla fmr mdie,a ksis m%ñ;shlska f;drh' tajdys

wOHdmkh ,ndfok WmfoaYsldjkag kshñ; wOHdmkhla fyda mqyqKqjla

fkdue;' tuksid mQ¾j <udúh ixj¾Okh i|yd fjku tallhla msysgqjd

tu.ska mQ¾j <ud úfha miqjk orejkag wOHdmkh ,nd§u" Tjqkaf.a ldhsl

yd udkisl ixj¾Okh" <ud whs;sjdislï iqrlaIs; lsÍu" fï iïnkaOfhka

lghq;= lrk wdh;k ,shdmÈxÑ lsÍu" mQ¾j <udúfha miqjk orejka mqyqKq

lrk wdh;k .=Kd;aul ;;a;ajfhka mj;ajdf.k hdu iy WmfoaYsldjka

mqyqKq lsÍu wdÈ lghq;= rdYshla bgq lsÍug isÈfõ' úfYAIfhka wm m<d;a

iNdj u.ska iïu; lr .kakd ,o mQ¾j <udúh m%{ma;sh wkqj lghq;=

lsÍu fuu tallhfha ld¾hNdrh fõ' fï i|yd re'ñ' 5'0 la fjka lr §ug

fhdackd lrñ'

ixialD;sl lghq;=

uOHu m<d; hkq ixialD;sl w;ska b;d jeo.;a m<d;ls' merKs isoaOia:dk

rdYshla o" bmerKs foajia:dk" fldaú,a" uqia,sï m,a,s jeks uOHia:dk úYd,

ixLHdjla o we;' tfukau merKs ckY%e;s" kegqï .ehqï jeks jákdlï

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we;s w.hka iq/lsj wkd.; mrmqrg odhdo lsÍug wm lghq;= l< hq;=fõ'

miq.sh j¾Ifha§ uykqjr wjg ;sfnk foajd,hkays fmryerj,a ùãfhda.;

lr wdrCId lsÍug lghq;= lf<uq' fï yd iudk lghq;= bÈßfha§ o

isÿlsÍug wfmaCIs; w;r fn!oaO yd isxy," uqia,sï ixialD;sl lghq;=

fjkqfjka re'ñ' 8'0 lao" yskaÿ ixialD;sl lghq;= fjkqfjka re'ñ' 1'0 la o

fjkalr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

ixpdrl" fj<o yd jdKsc lghq;=

2015 j¾Ifha fïjk úg uOHu m<d;g ixpdrlhska ,CI 2'8 la meñK

we;' ud;f,a iy kqjrt<sh Èia;%slalj,g fuhska jeä m%udKhla meñK

we;s w;r" uykqjr kej;S we;af;a bka w;f,diails' tmuKla fkdj foaYSh

ixpdrlhka o úYd, jYfhka uOHu m<d;g meñK we;' uOHu m<d; ;=<

ixpdrl jYfhka jeo.;a ia:dkj, mj;sk myiqlï t;rï wdl¾YkSh

;;a;ajhl fkdmj;s" ixpdrlhkaf.a meñKSu ksid foaYSh l=vd l¾udkaa;

ksIamdokhka wf<ú lr fyd| wdodhï Wmhd .ekSug yelshdj we;' fuu

l=vd l¾udka; ;jÿrg;a ÈhqKq lsÍug;a ixpdrl wdl¾YkSh ia:dkj,

wvqmdvq iïmQ¾K lr foaYSh" úfoaYSh ixpdrlhka uOHu m<d;g f.kajd

.ekSug lghq;= lrkq we;' tmuKla fkdj uOHu rcfha ixpdrl

wud;HdxYfha wdOdr Wmldr ,ndf.k m<df;a ixpdrl jHdmdrh ÈhqKq

lsÍug;a" uOHu m<d; fjkqfjka ilia lr we;s ixpdrl ie,eiafï lghq;=

o l%shd;aul lr ixpdrl jHdmdrh ;=<ska uOHu m<df;a wdodhu

jeälsÍug;a" /lshd wjia:d i<id §ug;a lghq;= lrkq we;'

úfoaYSh ixpdrlhkaf.a meñKSu jißka jir jeä fjñka mj;sk fyhska

Tjqkag wjYH f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSug f;dr;=re uOHia:dkhla bÈlsÍug;a"

.Dyia: ixpdrl jHdmdrh ÈhqKq lsÍug;a" mdßißl ixpdrl l¾udka;h

yd m%cd ixpdrl l¾udka;h ÈhqKq lr .%dóh ck;djg m%;s,dN w;alr

§ug;a lghq;= lrkq we;' tfukau fj<| yd jdKsc lghq;= o Èßu;a l<

hq;=j we;' m<df;a fj<| m%cdj rfÜ wd¾Ólhg úYd, odhl;ajhla lrkq

,nkjd fiau m<d;a wdodhugo úYd, n,mEula lrkq ,efí' fj<| m%cdj

Yla;su;a lsÍug lghq;= lsÍu yd Tjqkaf.a jHdmdr kdu ,shdmÈxÑ lr

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Tjqkag iaÒr;djhla ,nd§ug lghq;= lrkq ,efí' fj<| jHdmdr

,shdmÈxÑ lr fkdue;s wdh;k ,shdmÈxÑ lr m<d;g wdodhï Wmhd

.ekSug;a lghq;= lrkq ,efí' ixpdrl fj<| yd jdKsc lghq;= fjkqfjka

re'ñ' 60 la fjkalr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

mqia;ld, ixj¾Okh

uOHu m<df;a mqia;ld,h yd f;dr;=re uOHia:dkh wm m<df;a

úfYAI;ajhla ork wdh;khls' tys wOHdmkh ,nk orejka fukau

jeäysá mqrjeishka o tu.ska oekqu ,nd .kq ,efí' tu ia:dkh

wdl¾IKSh ia:dkhla f,i mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd;a" kùk fmd;a m;a iÕrd

ñ,§ .ekSu i|yd;a re'ñ' 4'5 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

fi!LH fiajd

fi!LH wxYfhka wm n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka ksfrda.s ld¾hY+r ck;djla

ìyslr .ekSuhs' fï i|yd fndajk frda. fukau fnda fkdjk frda. je<£u

wju lr.ekSug wjYH lghq;= l< hq;=h' tfukau óg fmr wm b,lal

lr.;a wdldrhg 2016 jk úg <ore urK wkqmd;h 4 ^iÔù Wm;a

1000lg&olajd;a" ud;D urK wkqmd;h 12 ^iÔù Wm;a 100"000lg& olajd;a

wju lr.ekSug lghq;= l< hq;=h' ;jo rg ;=< me;sÍ hk fvx.="

c,NS;sldj" ó WK" jl=.vq jeks frda. jHdma;sh wju lr.ekSug;a lghq;=

l< hq;=h' fï i|yd m<df;a frday,aj, wvqmdvq fidhdn,d tajdg wjYH

ms<shï fhoùug;a lghq;= lrk w;r" úfYaIfhkau frday,aj, w¨;ajeähd

lghq;=" ikSmdrCIl lghq;= iïmQ¾K lr uyck;djf.a wdl¾IKSh

ia:dkhla njg m;a lsÍu wjYH fõ' ngysr fi!LH fCIa;%fha ixj¾Okh

i|yd taldnoaO wruqo, u.ska re'ñ' 795'0 la o f,dal nexl= wdOdr hgf;a

re'ñ,shk 365 la o fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrk w;r miq.sh j¾Ifha §

wdrïN lrk ,o f;,afoKsh uQ,sl frdayf,a b;sß jev ksu lsÍu i|yd

JICA wdOdr hgf;a re'ñ'248 la o fjka flfrkq we;'

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wdhq¾fõo ffjoH lghq;=

foaYSh ffjoH l%uh flfrys ck;djf.a Wkkaÿj jeä fjñka mj;s' foaYSh

jYfhka muKla fkdj úfoaYSh frda.Skao Y%S ,xld foaYSh ffjoH fiajh

,nd.ekSug meñfKa' Tjqkag tu fiajdjka Wmßu wdldrfhka ,nd§u;a"

wNdjhg hñka mj;sk idïm%odhsl ffjoH l%u fidhdn,d m¾fhaIK

mj;ajd tajd k.disgqùug;a" wmg wjYH T!IO m<d; ;=<skau ksmojd

.ekSug;a" T!IO i|yd wjYH Tiq j¾. foaYSh jYfhka j.dlr msgrgg

we§ hk úksuh m%udKh rg ;=< b;sß lr.ekSug;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk

w;r" oekg úYd, b,a ula mj;sk f.jk jdÜgq m%udKh jeälr

uyck;djg wjYH fiajdj ,nd§ug;a lghq;= lrkq ,efí' foaYSh ffjoH

l%uh ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd fmr j¾Ihg jvd 400] la tkï re'ñ' 120 la

fjkalr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

mßjdi lghq;=

fouõmshka ksid fyda iudcfha úúO mqoa.,hka ksid wirKNdjhg m;ajk

oreoeßhka /ln,d .ekSu;a Tjqkag ksis wOHdmkhla ,nd§ iudcfha

hym;a mqrjeishka njg m;a lsÍu;a wmf.a hq;=luls' orejka yerhk"

foudmshka fkdue;s orejkag /ljrKh ,nd§u" fkdfhl=;a wmpdr lghq;=

ksid wêlrKh u.ska mßjdi.; jk orejkag ksis /ljrKh ,nd§u wd§

lghq;= iy Tjqkag iudcfha wfkl=;a orejka fuka Ôj;aùug yelsjk mßÈ

wjYH mßirhla imhd §u wmf.a hq;=luls' fuu lghq;= l%shd;aul lsÍu

i|yd re'ñ' 15 la fjkalr §u iqÿiq hehs uu fhdackd lrñ'

iudc fiajd lghq;=

jeäysá mqoa.,hkag ie<lSu" wirKhkag msysgùu ms<sn| nqoaO foaYkdfõo

i|yka ù we;' Y%S ,xldfõ jhia.; ck.ykh l%ufhka by< hk

uÜgul mj;sk nj tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ck.yk wruqo, úiska fmkajd §

12

we;' 2025 jk úg iEu mqoa.,hka miafofkl=gu jhi wjqreÿ 60 fyda Bg

jeä mqoa.,hka tla wfhl= isàfï ;;a;ajhka oelsh yelsjkq we;' jhia.;

ck.ykfha ksrfmaCI ixLHdj yd ksrka;rfhka jeäjk m%;sY;h iu.

.%dóh m%foaYj, yd kd.ßl m%foaYj, tlsfklg fjkia ;;a;ajhka

olskakg ,efí' .%dóh m%foaYj, jhia.; ck.ykh jeäjk w;r Tjqka

/ln,d .kafka mjqf,a idudðlhka úiskah' kd.ßl m%foaYj, jhia.;

mqoa.,hkaf.a m%;sY;h wvq njla olakg ,efnk w;r Tjqka fndfyduhla

wdh;k.;ù m%cdj úiska /ln,d.kq ,efí' tuksid .%dóh m%foaYj,

mjqf,a wdodhu jeälr .ekSug;a kd.ßl m%foaYj,§ rch úiska yd m%cdj

úiska Tjqka /ln,d .ekSu fi!LH iïmkakj ;nd.ekSu Tjqkaf.ka

iudchg hula l< yels mqoa.,hkaf.ka m%fhdack ,nd.ekSug;a

jevigyka iïmdokh l< hq;=fõ'

jeäysg mqoa.hkaf.a ixialD;sl oekqu Tjqkaf.a w;aoelSï" oekqu

m%fhdackhg .ksñka kùk mrmqrg wOHdmkhka ,nd§ug lghq;= l<

hq;=fõ' tmuKla fkdj jeäysá mqoa.,hkag weia lkaKdä ,ndÈu" w,s

ñksia .egqu u; wirKNdjhg m;ajk mqoa.,hkag irK ùu" fkdfhl=;a

wdndê; ;;a;ajhkag m;a jQ mqoa.,hkag msysg ùu" iajNdúl úm;aj,g

uqyqKmdk mqoa.,hkag msysg ùu wd§ fkdfhl=;a iudcfiajd lghq;=

fjkqfjka re'ñ' 17 la fjkalr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

lDIsl¾udka;h

lDIsl¾u ixj¾Ok lghq;= i|yd uqo,a fjka lsÍfuka wm n,dfmdfrd;a;=

fjkafka lDIs ksIamdokhka jeä lsÍu" ta i|yd jHdma;s fiajdj jeäÈhqKq

lsÍu f.dúkag wjYH îc ksIamdokh lsÍu wdÈ lghq;=h' úfYAIfhkau

uOHu m<d;g muKla fkdj W!j m<d;g o wjYH fndaxÑ îc ksIamdokh

lrkq ,nkafka uOHu m<d; ;=<h' tfukau îc w, ksIamdokh" f,dl= MEKQ

îc ksIamdokh lsÍu ;=<ska Wiia j¾.fha îc ksIamdokh lr f.dùkag

wjYH îc wm m<d; ;=<u ksmoùu wmf.a wruqKhs' ;j o f.j;= j.dj

Èßu;a lsÍu ;=<ska .Dyia: t<j¿ m,;=re ksIamdokh lsÍug ksjeishka

13

fm<Uùu wmf.a ;j;a wruqKls' tu.ska mjqf,a fmdaIKh k.disgqùug;a

mjqf,a úhou wvqlr .ekSug;a Wkkaÿ lrkq ,efí'

wmf.a merKs ù j¾.j,ska ,efnk wiajekak kùk fouqyqka ù j¾.j,ska

,efnk wiajekakg jvd wvq jQj;a tys úhou wvqjk fyhska wdodhfï

fjkila isÿ fkdfõ' tfyhska merKs ù j¾. Ndú;h" flï l%u jeks

lDñkdIl l%u wkq.ukh lr .=Kd;aul iy,a ksmoùug f.dùka yqre

lsÍug lghq;= lrkq ,efí' tu.ska ji úfika f;dr wdydr ksmojd

ck;djf.a fmdaIK ;;a;ajh jeä ÈhqKq lr fnda fkdjk frda. j<lajd

.ekSug o yelsjkq we;'

tmuKla fkdj wmkhk fj<om< uq,a lr.ksñka m,;=re" u,a" t<j¿ wdÈ

fnda. jdKsc moku u; j.d lsÍu i|yd l=vd mßudK jHjidhlhka Èß

.ekaùug;a" mqrka l=Uqrej, úl,am fnda. j.d lsÍu Èß .ekaùug;a

lghq;= lrkq we;' fuu jevigyka l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd re'ñ' 230 la

fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

lDIsld¾ñl we;eï m%foaYj, ud¾. moaO;sh b;d ÿ¾j,h' lDIs

ksIamdokj,g ydkshla isÿ fkdù m%jdykh lsÍu i|yd;a" fmdfydr" îc

j¾. m%jdykh lsÍu i|yd;a lDIs ud¾. ixj¾Okh l< hq;= fyhska ta

i|yd re' ñ,shk 30'0 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

tmuKla fkdj .re iNdm;s;=uks" j;= wxYfha mj;sk ud¾. o kv;a;=

lr §u wmf.a j.lSuls' l=vd f;a j;=" fm!oa.,sl f;a j;= u.ska úYd,

wdodhula rgg ,nd foa' úfYAIfhkau j;=lrfha ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk

t<j¿" m,;=re lsß wdÈ ksIamdok fj<|m,g /f.k tau i|yd j;=

ud¾. ixj¾Okh l< hq;=fõ' tys§ ud¾. rdYShla f;dardf.k fldgia

jYfhka ixj¾Okh lrkjd fjkqjg ud¾. iq¿ m%udKhla f;dardf.k

iïmQ¾Kfhka ksu lsÍu jvd jeo.;afõ' j;= ud¾. ixj¾Okh i|yd re'ñ'

30 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

14

iq¿ jdßud¾.

wm m<df;a ;sfnk jeõ" wuqKq yd we,j,a úYd, m%udKhla fï jk úg

h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a lr we;s nj i;=áka okajk w;r wêl j¾Idj ksid

leã ì£ .sh jeõ wuqKq fukau È.= ld,hla ;siafia w¨;ajeähd lsÍug

fkdyels jQ iq¿ jdßud¾. rdYshlao mj;S' f.dúhdg wjYH c,h l,g

fõ,djg ,nd§u" tla tallhlska ,efnk M,odj Wiia lsÍu yd ji úfika

f;dr wdydr ksIamdokh lsÍug odhlùu wruqKq lr.ksñka iq¿ jdßud¾.

ixj¾Okh i|yd re'ñ'35 la fjkalr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

i;a;aj ksIamdok yd fi!LH lghq;=

wE; w;S;fha isgu wm rg ck;djg fmdaIKh ,nd§ we;s tla ud¾.hla

jQfha i;a;aj ksIamdokhhs' wo fuka by< M,odjla ,ndfok i;=ka tl,

fkdisáfhka iEu ksjilu mdfya i;=ka we;s l< fyhska úYd, i;a;aj

.yKhla tl< jQ fyhska lsß yd lsß wdY%s; ksIamdokhkaf.ka ck;djf.a

wjYH;d bgqlr .ekSug yelsúh'

uOHu m<df;a lsß ksIamdokh cd;sl ksIamdokfhka 32] la nj Y%S ,xld

uynexl= jd¾;dj fmkajd fohs' ta ms<sn|j wmg i;=gq úh yelsh'

úfYaIfhka kqjrt<sh Èia;%slalfha fï ms<sn|j fyd| úNj;djhka mj;sk

fyhska lsß f.dùkaf.a ixLHdj muKla fkdj Wiia wdrfha lsß fokqkaf.a

ixLHdj o jeälr wmg wjYH lsß m%udKh wm úiskau ksmojd úfoaYhg

.,dhk úksuh m%udKh o b;sß lr.ekSu" i;=kaf.a fi!LH ;;a;ajh

hym;a uÜgulg f.k tau" mY= ffjoH ks,OdÍkaf.a wjYH;djhka bgqlr

§ Wiia jHdma;s fiajhla ,nd§ug lsß yd lsß wdY%s; ksIamdok ck;djg

myiqfjka ,nd .ekSu msKsi fnod yeÍfï lghq;= úêu;a lsÍu jeks

lghq;= l%shd;aul l< hq;=h'

lsß ksIamdokh muKla fkdj ì;a;r ksIamdokh o jeälr .ekSu i|yd

.Dyia: uÜgfuka yelshdjla yd wjYH;djhka we;s ck;dj f;dardf.k

15

Tjqkag wjYH oekqu yd megjqka ,nd§ ì;a;r ksIamdokh o jeälr

.ekSug lghq;= lrkq we;'

fuu jevms<sfj, l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd i;a;aj ksIamdok yd fi!LH

lghq;= fjkqfjka re'ñ'139 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

ñßÈh ëjr l¾udka;h

ñßÈh ëjr u;aiH ksIamdokhka i|yd ck;djf.a b,a u jeäfjñka mj;S'

tneúka ñßÈh u;aiH ksIamdokh jeälr ck;djf.a fmdaIK ;;a;ajh

by< kexùug lghq;= l< hq;=h' ta i|yd m<df;a mj;sk jeõ yd ld,Sk

c,dYhka ys ñßÈh uiqka we;s lsÍug yelshdjla we;s fyhska tajdg u;aiH

megjqka nyd,Su yd ñßÈh ëjrhkag wjYH WmlrK iy mqyqKqj ,nd §

ëjr u;aiH ksIamdokh jeälr,Su i|yd re'ñ' 7'0 la fjka lr§ug

fhdackd lrñ'

mßir lghq;=

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

óg fmr j¾Ij,§ fuu iNdjg m%ldY lr we;s mßÈ mßirh iq/lSu

wmyg fukau bÈß mrmqr i|ydo jeo.;a fõ' fï nj jgydf.k we;s

w;s.re ckdêm;s;=ud mßirh /l.ekSfï úfYaI jevigyka l%shd;aul

lsÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fõ' bka tlla jkafka rfÜ N+ñ m%udKfhka

jk.yKh 32] la olajd jeä lr.ekSuhs' fuh cd;sl jevigykla f,i

y÷kajd § we;s w;r th —jkfrdamd˜ f,i kïlr .ïm,§ wdrïN lrk

,È' fuu jevms<sfj, c,fmdaIl m%foaYhlskau wdrïN lsÍu b;du;a

fhda.H lghq;a;la nj uu oksñ' tfukau tu jevigyk iEu j¾Ihl§u

l%shd;aul lsÍug;a" ish¨ md¾Yjhka iyNd.S lr .ekSu;a ksid id¾:l

m%;sM, n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh yel' tumKla fkdj mßirh iqrCIs; lsÍu

i|yd wm úiska y÷kajd § we;s úúO jevigyka ta wdldrfhkau fkdlvjd

16

l%shd;aul lsÍug;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjñ' ta fjkqfjka re'ñ'6'5 la fjkalr

§ug fhdackd lrñ'

l=vd l¾udka;

uOHu m<d; ;=< l=vd mßudK l¾udka;lrejka úYd, m%udKhla isà'

fudjqkaf.a ksIamdok i|yd foaYSh fukau úfoaYSh fj<|m, ;=< by<

b,a ula we;' fuu l=vd l¾udka;lrejkag wjYH myiqlï ie<iSu;a

Tjqkaf.a ksIamdokhkag fj<|m,la ,nd§ug lghq;= lsÍu;a" kj

jHjidhlhka y÷kajd§ug lghq;= lsÍu;a" kj ;dCIKsl l%u

y÷kajd§ug;a wfmaCIs; w;r iq¿ l¾udka; yd yia; l¾udka;h ;=<ska

/lshd W;amdokh lsÍug;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= fõ' miq.sh jir .Kkdjla

;siafiau yia; l¾udka;lrejka úYsIag iïudk rdYshlau w;am;a lrf.k

we;s w;r th fkdlvjd bÈßhg f.k hdug;a wfmaCIs;h' tfiau m<d;a

iNdj i;= jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wdh;kj,ska mqyqKqj ,nkakkag úfYaI b,a ula

mj;S' b;d fyd| /lshdjka i|yd Tjqka n|jd .efka' tuksid jD;a;Sh

mqyqKq wdh;kj, myiqlï jeä lr oCI WmfoaYljreka n|jdf.k ;reK

;reKshkag jD;a;Sh mqyqKqj ,nd§ug lghq;= lrkq ,efí' l¾udka;

wxYfha ixj¾Okh i|yd re'ñ' 18 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

fmaI l¾udka;h

fmaI l¾udka;h i|yd rfÜ úfYAI ia:dkhla uOHu m<d;g ysñfõ' kuq;a

wmf.a fmaIl¾u uOHia:dkj, wvqmdvq rdYShla olakg ,efnk w;r"

hka;%iQ;% o b;d merKs tajdh' f.dvke.s,s yd hka;%iQ;% w¨;ajeähd lr

Wiia ;;a;ajfha frÈms<s ksIamdokh lsÍug;a" fmaIld¾ñldjkaf.a

wjYH;djhka imqrd Tjqkag iaÓr wdodhula ,nd .ekSu ;yjqre lsÍug;a

kj fmaIld¾ñldjka l¾udka;hg fhduqlr .ekSug;a lghq;= lrk w;r"

oekg .nvd lr we;s f;d. blaukska wf<ú lr .ekSug;a lghq;= l<

hq;=h' fï i|yd re'ñ' 10'0 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

17

;reK lghq;= yd jks;d lghq;=

m<df;a ;reK ;reKshkaf.a Ôjk ;;a;ajh Wiia lsÍug;a Tjqka fkdukd

l%shd flfrys fhduq fkdùug;a lghq;= lr hym;a mqrjeishka njg

m;alr,Su wm ieuf.a hq;=luls' /lshd fkdue;s ;reK ;reKshkag

/lshdjla fidhd.ekSu i|yd ksis jD;a;Sh mqyqKqjla ,nd§u" hym;a

mqrjeishka njg m;a lsÍu i|yd wjYH oekqu ,nd§u" u;aøjHj,g fhduq

fkdùu i|yd lghq;= lsÍu we;=¿ ;reK ;reKshkaf.a iqNisoaêh Wfoid

lghq;= lsÍug re'ñ' 5'0 la o" m<df;a ;reKshka" jks;djka wm iudchg

úYd, fufyhla bgq lrkq ,nk fyhska wmg Tjqka o wu;l l< fkdyel'

Tjqkag kùk ;dlaIK l%u y÷kajd §u ixj¾Ok lghq;=j,g yjq,a lr

.ekSu mjqf,a wdodhu jeälr .ekSug iajhx /lshd lsÍug fm<Uùu"

.Dyia: md,kh" fkdfhl=;a wdmodj,g ,la fkdù wd;au .re;ajh /l

.ekSu jeks lghq;= ms<sn|j oekqj;a lr" mßmQ¾K ldka;d mrmqrla ìyslr

.ekSu i|yd re'ñ' 5'0 la fjkalr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

l%Svd yd l%svd msá ixj¾Okh

miq.sh j¾Ij,§ uOHu m<df;a l%Svl l%Säldjka úYd, m%udKhla cd;sl

yd cd;Hka;r l=i,dk rdYshla ,ndf.k rgg úYd, lS¾;shla w;am;a lr§

we;' bosßhg;a m<d; ;=< l%Svdj by< uÜgulg f.k taug lghq;= l<

hq;=j we;' olaI l%Svl l%Säldjka f;dard Tjqkag úfYAI mqyqKqjla

,nd§ug;a fojk fm< l%Svl l%Säldjkag mqyqKqjla ,nd§u;a l< hq;= w;r"

Ydßßl jHdhdu i|yd ck;dj fm<Uùu l%Svd msá ixj¾Okh lsÍu wdÈ

lghq;= fjkqfjka re'ñ' 22'5 la fjka lr§ug fhdackd lrñ'

m<d;a ud¾. ixj¾Okh

m<d;a iNdj i;= C yd D ud¾. ls'ñ' 2244 la we;' fuhska fndfydauhla

Wiia ;;a;ajhg f.k taug yelsù we;;a" ;j;a ls'ñ' 1000 lg wdikak

18

m%udKhla ÈhqKq l< hq;=j we;' úfYAIfhka cd;sl ud¾. moaO;sh iuÕ

iïnkaO;djh ukdj ;yjqre jk whqßka C yd D ud¾. ldmÜ lsÍu;a ldmÜ

fkdlrk ud¾. ;dr fyda fldkal%SÜ oeóu;a C yd D ud¾.j, jHqyd;aul

bÈlsÍïj,g ydkshla fkdjk mßÈ .ukd.ukh ndOdjlska f;drj

mj;ajdf.k hdug md,ï" fndalal= yd ldKq jeks há;, myiqlï

bÈlsÍug;a" fuu ud¾.j, w¨;ajeähdj iy kv;a;= úhoï wju lrkq jia

ldKq moaO;sh yd me;s neñ iE§ug;a lghq;= lrk w;r ud¾.j, yd

uyck;djf.a wdrlaIdj ;yjqre lsÍu i|yd iqÿiq ia:dkj, mÈlhkag

.uka lsÍu i|yd wjYH myiqlï ie,iSug;a wjOdkh fhduq lrñka re'ñ'

471'3 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

úÿ,sn,h

fï jkúg úÿ,sn,h fkdue;s mjq,a ,CI 2 la muK rg ;=< jdih lrhs'

wOHdmkh ,nk oreoeßhka isák tfy;a úÿ,sn,h fkdue;s ksjdi 150"000

la muK isák nj .Kka n,d we;' fï ish,a,gu 2016 jif¾§ úÿ,sh

,nd§ug rch jevigyka iïmdokh lrñka isà' ta wkqj uOHu m<d; ;=<

isák úÿ,sh fkdue;s mjq,aj,g o úÿ,sh ,efnkq we;' tuksid wm úiska

l<hq;= jkafka úÿ,sh ixrlaIKh lsÍu;a úl,am úÿ,s n,h y÷kajd §u

úÿ,sh wrmsßueiafuka Ndú;d lsÍug oekqj;a lsÍu;ah' tfukau uOHu

m<df;a iQ¾hn,h fhdodf.k úÿ,sh ksmoúh yels mßirhla we;'

WodyrK f,i m<d;a iNd ixlS¾Kfha bÈ l< iQ¾hn, fhdackd l%uh

;=<ska uilg re',CI 3 lg wêl uqo,la b;sß lr.ekSug yels ù we;'

tuksid fuu l%uh wfkl=;a úYd, f.dvke.s,s i|yd o Ndú;d lsÍu

jeo.;a fõ' fuu lghq;= i|yd re'ñ'10 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

19

ksjdi

iEu mqrjeishl=gu ysig fijkla ;sìh hq;= nj wmf.a ms<s.ekSuhs' ksjila

bÈlr .ekSug ;rï yelshdjla fkdue;s ck;djg ksjdi Khla

,nd.ekSug lghq;= i<id §u;a" f.dvk.d.;a ksjilg b;sß fldgia

ksulr .ekSu i|yd wdOdr lsÍu;a" jy< fiú,s lr .ekSug fiú,s wdOdr

,nd§u;a wmf.a hq;=lula f,i i<ld re'ñ' 9'0 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd

lrñ'

m%jdyk lghq;=

m<df;a ,shdmÈxÑ lr we;s jdykj,g wdodhï n,m;% ksjfia isgu

,nd.ekSug yelsjk mßÈ jevigykla 2015 j¾Ifha§ wdrïN lrk ,È' ta

i|yd wjYH WmlrK ñ,g f.k uQ,sl lghq;= wdrïN lrk ,È' 2016

j¾Ifha isg fuu l%uh l%shd;aul jk fyhska jdyk ysñhkag b;d

myiqfjka ld,h b;sß lrf.k wdodhï n,m;% ,nd.ekSug yelsjkq we;'

tfiau m%jdyk wxYh u.ska l< hq;= ;j;a tla jeo.;a ld¾hhla jkafka

ud¾. ;onoh wvq lsÍu;a" ud¾. wk;=re wju lr .ekSu;a" u.S ck;djg

úYajdikSh m%jdyk fiajdjla ,nd§ug yelsjk mßÈ lghq;= lsÍu;ah.

m%Odk k.rj, fukau Wm k.rj,o nia kej;=ï fmd,j,a bÈ lr

uyck;djg myiqjla i<id§ug lghq;= lrk w;r" úfYAIfhkau mdie,a

orejka m%jdykh lrkq ,nk jEka iy nia r: flfrys úfYAI wjOdkhla

fhduq lr orejkaf.a /ljrKh i<id§ug lghq;= lsÍug;a

n,dfmdfrd;a;= fõ' fï i|yd re'ñ' 17'0 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ'

m%Odk f,alï ld¾hd,h

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

.re uka;%S;=uka,d fj; uyck;djf.ka ,efnk fhdackd l%shd;aul lsÍu

i|yd úuOH.; whjeh hgf;a re'ñ' 148 la tkï uka;%S;=uka,dg re' ,laI

20

25 ne.ska ,nd§ug fhdackd lrk w;r" m<d; ;=< wvq ixj¾Okhla

mj;sk m%foaY f;dard tu m%foaYj, ixj¾Okh i|yd;a m<df;a wdodhu

jeälr .ekSu i|yd;a úfYAI jHdmD;s l%shd;aul lsÍu lsÍu fjkqfjka

re'ñ' 15 la o" m<df;a wvq ixj¾Okhla olakg ,efnk m%foaYj,g wjYH

há;, myiqlï we;s lsÍu i|yd re'ñ,shk 100 la o fjka lr §ug

fhdackd lrñ' tfiau m<d;a rdcH fiajfha ks,Odßkaf.a oekqu hdj;ald,Sk

lsÍu i|yd Tjqkag wjYH mqyqKqj ,nd§ug;a §m jHdma; rdcH fiajfha

wksjd¾fhkau iu;a úh hq;= úNd. i|yd tu úNd. .dia;= f.ùug;a

re'ñ' 35 la fjka lr §ug fhdackd lrñ' m<df;a jdyk n,m;% ksl=;a

lsÍu iy iy fjk;a wdodhï /ialsÍfï lghq;= lrkq ,nk m%dfoaYSh

f,alï ld¾hd, u.sks' ta i|yd Tjqkag ,nd § we;s mß.Kl b;d merKs

tajd jk fyhska l%ñlj tajdg kj mß.Kl ,nd§ug;a Tjqka úiska m<d;a

NdKavd.drhg túh hq;= udisl jd¾;d ,nd .ekSu i|yd;a tu .sKqïlrk

lghq;= l%udkql+,j lsÍu i|yd;a re'ñ' 2 la fjka lr §ug;a" miq.sh

j¾Ifha § l,anÿ l%uh hgf;a ñ,§ .;a jdyk i|yd udislj f.úh hq;=

jdßl f.ùï i|yd;a re'ñ' 122 la fjka lsÍug fhdackd lrñ' tfukau

miq.sh j¾Ifha § rdcH ks,Odßka i|yd bÈl< ks, ksjdij, b;sßjev ksu

lsÍu i|yd re'ñ' 5 la fjka lr §ug;a fhdackd lrñ'

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

m<df;a mj;sk ld,.=Ksl yd foaY.=Ksl ;;a;ajhka hgf;a fkdfhla

wdldrfha úm;aj,g uOHu m<d; f.dÿre jk nj miq.sh w;aoelSï wkqj

wmg meyeÈ,s fõ' úfYAIfhkau kdh hEï" .sks .ekSï" .x j;=r c, ysÕh

wdÈ úm;a;s isÿjQúg uyck;djg wjYH fiajdjka ,nd§u i|yd m<df;a

wud;HdxY my i|ydu re'ñ' 1'5 ne.ska fjka lr§ug fhdackd lrñ'

u;a øjH Ndú;h je<elaùu

u;a øjH Ndú;h ksid ck;dj frda.ska jkjd muKla fkdj tu.ska rfÜ

Y%u n,ldhg o ydkshla isÿfõ' tu frda.Ska iqj lsÍug rcfhka úYd,

uqo,a m%udKhla jeh lsÍug o isÿfõ' kuq;a wm rfÜ l%shd;aul ksoyia

fi!LH fiajh ksid th ck;djg fkdf;af¾' tuksid ck;dj oekqj;a lr

21

u;a øjH Ndú;h wvq l< hq;=h' WmfoaYk ;=<ska Tjqka oekqj;a lsÍu u.ska

hïlsis m%udKhlg fyda wmf.a wruqK bgqlr.; yelsjkq we;ehs uu

úYajdi lrñ" tmuKla fkdj .xcd" wìx" fyfrdhska jeks wka;rdhlr

T!IO wf<ú lrk yd fnodyßk cdjdrïldrhska kS;sfha /yekg yiqlr

.ekSug lghq;= l< hq;=h' wm ish¿ md¾Yjhka tlg tl;= ù Wkkaÿfjka

lghq;= l<fyd;a fuh wmyiq lghq;a;la fkdjk nj uu úYajdi lrñ'

wka;rdhlr T!IO md,l uKav,h iuÕ iïnkaO ù mdie,a orejkaf.aa

mgka ish¿ md¾Yjhka iuÕ talrdYS ù u;a øjH Wjÿr wju lr .ekSug

lghq;= lsÍu wmf.a wruqK fõ' fuu.ska ck;djf.a fi!LH ;;a;ajh

wdrlaId lr .ekSu;a ksfrda.s ck;djla ìyslr .ekSug;a mjqf,a iu.sh

;yjqre lr .ekSug;a" ;uka Wmhk wdodhu M,odhs f,i jeh lsÍug;a

yelsjkq we;' fï i|yd wm iefjdu wmg yels wdldrfhka l%shd lsÍug

bÈßm;a fjuqhs b,a,d isáñ'

l<ukdlrKh yd mßmd,kh

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

m<d;a iNdfõ mßmd,k úhoï jYfhka úYd, uqo,la orKq ,efí' Bg

idfmaCIj m%d.aOk úhoï b;d iq¿h' fiajl mäkä jYfhka ork úhoï

wvq l< fkdyel' tfy;a úÿ,sh" bkaOk fjkqfjka lrkq ,nk fjka lsÍï

l<ukdlrKh l< yel' wkjYH f,i jehjk úhoï fyd¢ka mßmd,kh

lrkafka kï b;d jeo.;ah' tfukau m%d.aOk úhoï jYfhka b;d úYd,

m%udKhla fjkalr § we;s fyhska fuu.ska WmÍu m%fhdackhla ,nd

.ekSug kï l<skau fhdackd f;dardf.k weia;fïka;= lr iqÿiq

fldka;%d;alrejka f;dardf.k l<skau jev wdrïN lrkafka kï jir

;=<§u ksulr uyck;djg fiajh lsÍug yelsjkq we;' we;a; jYfhkau

iqÿiq fhdackd f;dard fkd.ekSu ksid j¾Ih wjidkh jk úg tajd

ixfYdaOkh lr l=uk fyda fhdackdjla bgq lr uqo,a jeh lsÍug we;eï

22

wdh;k mqreÿ ù we;' fuu.ska uyck;djg WmÍu fiajhla isÿfõo hkak

iel iys;h' fuu l%uhka bÈßfha§ fkdlsÍug wdh;k m%OdkSka j.n,d

.ekSu b;d jeo.;a nj wjOdrKh lrñ' ;jo j¾I wjidkh jk úg

ì,am;a bÈßm;a lsÍug n,d isàu ksid m<d;a NdKavd.drhg .eg¿j,g

uqyqKmEug isÿfõ' tuksid fldka;%d;alrejka oekqj;a lr j¾Ih

wdrïNfha isgu ì,a f.ùï lsÍug yelsjk mßÈ ì,am;a bÈßm;a lsÍug

lghq;= l< hq;=fõ'

miq.sh jif¾ whjeh f,aLkh bÈßm;a lsÍfï§ o ud úiska fmkajd ÿka

lreKla jkafka m<d;a iNdj i;= f.dvke.s,s m%udKhka ;ju;a

m%fhdackhg fkdf.k Èrdm;a fjñka mj;sk njh' tfy;a ;ju hïlsis

f.dvke.s,s m%udKhla m%fhdackhg fkdf.k mj;sk nj fmfka' tuksid ta

ta wud;HxY yd fomd¾;fïka;= i;= tjeks f.dvke.s,s y÷kdf.k m%Odk

f,alï fj; Ndr§ug;a lghq;= lrK f,i b,a,d isák w;r fuu j¾Ifha§

w;HdjYH;djh u; muKla bÈlsÍï lghq;= lrk f,i b,a,d isáñ'

.re iNdm;s;=uks" .re wud;Hjreks" .re úmCIkdhl;=uks" .re

uka;%Sjreks"

fuf;la fõ,d ud úiska bÈßm;a lrk ,oafoa uydNdKavd.drh úiska wm

fj; ,ndfok m%odkhka m<df;a ixj¾Ok lghq;= i|yd fnod§ug fhdað;

wdldrhhs' fuu m%;smdok m%udKhka ta ta fomd¾;fïka;= úiska

uyck;djg ,nd§ug wfmaCId lrk yd uyck;djf.a b,a,Sï imqrd,Sug

m%udKj;a fkdjk nj;a uu oksñ' tfy;a wmfj; ,efnk iSñ; iïm;a

m%udKh u; fjk;a wdldrhg fnodyeÍug fkdyels fõ' tfia jqjo uOHu

rcfha f¾Çh wud;HxY u.ska o wm m<d;a iNdjg uqo,a ,efnkq we;' tu

uqo,a i|yd o l%shd l< hq;= jkafka wm m<d;a iNdfõ ks,OdÍka úiskauh'

tfiau wm m<d;a iNdj ;=< l%shd;aul l< hq;= úfYaI fhdackd wef;d;a

Tjqkag bÈßm;a lr m%;smdok ,nd.ekSfï yelshdjla o we;' ta ms<sn|jo

wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h'

23

.re iNdm;s;=uks"

ta ta wud;HdxY yd fomd¾;fïka;= w;r fjkalr we;s uqo,a lsisjla wmf;a

fkdhjd uyck;djf.a iudc" wd¾Ól" ixialD;sl iqNidOkh by< kexúh

yels fhdackd y÷kdf.k l%shd;aul lr m<df;a o< cd;sl ksIamdokh

fukau rfÜ o< cd;sl ksIamdokh by< kexùug wm iEufokdu W;aidy

l< hq;= nj uu wjOdrKh lrñ'

tfukau ckdêm;s f,alï ld¾hd,h u.ska l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk ud uq,ska

i|yka l< uykqjr k.r ixj¾Okh" jl=.vq frda.h ;=rka lsÍu" u;aøjH

md,kh yd ji úfika f;dr foaYSh wdydr ksIamdokh iy mßirh

ixrCIKh" jk j.dj jHdma; lsÍu hk jevigyka i|yd o fuu .re

iNdfõ ish¿fokd;a m<d;a iNdfõ ish¿ ks,OdÍkq;a tluq;=j tlai;aj

iyfhda.h ,nd§ tu jevigykayS wjidk m%;sM,h w;alr §ug tluq;=j

wjYH lghq;= bgqlr fouq hehs b,a,d isáñ'

.re iNdm;s;=uks

wm m<d;a iNdfõ lghq;= flfrys Wkkaÿj olajd ksis wkqYdikd ,nd

foñka lghq;= lrk w;s .re uy kdhlysñjreka we;=¿ ish¿ wd.ñl

kdhljreka fj; udf.a kuialdr mQ¾j ia;+;sh uq,skau msßkuñ'

tfiau wmf.a m<d;a iNdfõ lghq;= flfrys m<df;a ÈhqKqj fjkqfjka

ksrka;rj fidhd n,d Wmfoia ,ndfok w;s.re ckdêm;s ffu;%Smd,

isßfiak ue;s;=udg;a .re w.ue;s rks,a úl%uisxy ue;s;=udg;a udf.a

f.!rjkSh ia;+;sh msßkuñ' tfukau m<d;a iNdfõ lghq;= flfrys

wjOdkh fhduq lrñka wmj ksjerÈ udj; lrd fhduq lrk .re

wdKavqldrjr iqrx.ks t,a,dj, ue;s;=ñhg udf.a yDohdx.u ia;+;sh

msßkuñ' tfiau m<d;a iNdfõ lghq;= wmlaImd;Sj bgq lrkq ,nk .re

iNdm;s;=udg;a ksfhdacH iNdm;s;=udg;a" .re wud;HuKav,hg;a udf.a

24

lD;{;dmQ¾jl ia;+;sh msßkuñ' tfiau m<d;a iNdfõ lghq;= lsÍfï §

wmf.a wvqmdvq fmkajdfoñka ksjerÈ ÈYdkq.;j .uka lsÍug woyia

fmkajd foñka lghq;= lrk .re úmlaIkdhl;=udg iy .re uka;%S

uKav,hg udf.a ia;+;sh msßkuñ'

m<d;a rdcH fiajfha ish¿u ks,Odßka fufyhfjñka uQ,H l<ukdlrKh"

ixj¾Ok jHdmD;sj, m%.;sh úuid n,ñka wvqmdvq ksjerÈ lrñka lghq;=

lrk m%Odk f,alï;=ud" wdKavqldr f,alï;=ud" rdcH fiajd fldñIka

iNdfõ f,aalï;=ñh" wud;HdxY f,alï;=uka,d" ksfhdacH m%Odk

f,alï;=uka,d" fomd¾;fïka;= m%OdkSka iy ish¿u rdcH ks,Odßka fj;

udf.a lD;{;dj msßkuñ' uOHu m<d;a iNd f,alï" iyldr f,alï

we;=¿ iNd f,alï ld¾hd,fha ld¾h uKav,h úiska bgq lrkq ,nk

iqúfYAIs fiajh w.hñka ta ish¿ fokdg;a udf.a ia;+;sh msßkuñ'

tfiau m<d;a iNdfõ ixj¾Ok lghq;= fndfydauhla bgq lrkq ,nk .re

k.rdêm;sjreka" .re m%dfoaYSh iNd iNdm;sjreka Èia;%sla f,alïjreka

;sfokd iy m%dfoaYSh f,alïjreka we;=¿ ld¾h uKav,j,g udf.a ia;+;sh

msßkuñ'

m<d;a iNdfõ lghq;= ms<sn|j uyckhdg oek.ekSug ie,eiaùu ms<sn|j

olajk iyfhda.hg ish¿ udOHfõ§ ys;j;=kg udf.a ia;+;sh msßkuñ'

wmf.a wdrCIdj i<iñka lrkq ,nk fiajh fjkqfjka l=Kavidf,a fmd,sia

ia:dkdêm;s;=ud we;=¿ ish¿ wdrlaIl ks,OdÍkag udf.a lD;{;dj

msßkuñ'

wjidk jYfhka m<d;a iNdfõ bÈß lghq;= id¾:lj bgq lr .ekSu i|yd

.re iNdm;s;=ud" Wm iNdm;s;=ud we;=¿ Tn ieuf.a iyfhda.h wfmalaId

lrñ'

Tn ieug o<od iñÿ msysghs

ir;a talkdhl

m%Odk wud;H

25

uOHu m<d;