INSTRUCTIONS

START PREP

27.1 THE SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA

MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW

TERMS & NAMES

PAGE 773

THEN START READING SECTION

WORLD HISTORY IIMR. HOOD30 OCTOBER 2013

27.1 THE SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA

WORLD HISTORY IIMR. HOOD`S NOTES30 OCTOBER 2013

MAIN IDEA

EMPIRE BUILDING.

IGNORING THE CLAIMS OF AFRICAN ETHNIC GROUPS, KINGDOMS, AND CITY-STATES, EUROPEANS ESTABLISHED COLONIES.

WHY IT MATTERS NOW

AFRICAN NATIONS CONTINUE TO FEEL THE EFECTS OF THE COLONIAL PRESENCE MORE THAN 100 YEARS LATER.

INTRODUCTION

INDUSTRIALIZATION SPURRED IMPERIALISM

IMPERIALISM IS…

…A POLICY IN WHICH A STRONG

NATION…

…SEEKS TO DOMINATE WEAKER

COUNTRIES…

… POLITICALLY, SOCIALLY AND

ECONOMICALLY

MANY EUROPEAN NATIONS LOOKED TO

AFRICA

EUROPEAN NATIONS COMPETED FOR

RESOURCES

AND NEW MARKETS

OBJECTIVE 1DESCRIBE AFRICA BEFORE EUROPEAN DOMINANCE.

BEFORE IMPERIALISM

AFRICA WAS DIVIDED

HUNDREDS OF DIFFERENT GROUPS

+ 1000s OF LANGUAGES

RANGED FROM LARGE EMPIRES TO INDENDENT

VILLAGES

EUROPEANS HAD TRIED TO COME TO AFRICA

BEFORE

EUROPEANS FOUND IT VIRTUALLY

IMPOSSIBLE

DANGEROUS GEOGRAPHY

DEADLY DISEASES

BUT SOME DID MANAGE TO EXPLORE

AFRICA

AND SOME WANTED TO OWN LAND IN

AFRICA

INCLUDING BELGIUM`S KING

LEOPOLD

KING LEOPOLD TOOK THE

CONGO

LEOPOLD TOOK CONGO`S

RESOURCES

LEOPOLD KILLED 10 MILLION CONGOLESE

SOON OTHER EUROPEAN NATIONS WERE CLAIMING PARTS

OF AFRICA

OBJECTIVE 2SUMMARIZE THE MOTIVES OF EUROPEAN COLONIZERS AND THE FACTORS THAT ALLOWED THEM TO CONTROL AFRICA.

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION GAVE

EUROPEAN NATIONS…

…A REASON TO ADD LANDS TO THEIR

CONTROL

RAW MATERIALS + NEW MARKETS

BUT THERE WERE OTHER

FORCES DRIVING IMPERIALISM

EUROPEAN NATIONS HAD GREAT SENSE OF

NATIONAL PRIDE

AN EMPIRE MEASURED NATIONAL

GREATNESS

MANY EUROPEANS THOUGHT THEY WERE BETTER THAN OTHER

PEOPLES

A BELIEF IN EUROPEAN

SUPERIORITY

THE BELIEF THAT ONE RACE IS

SUPERIOR TO OTHERS IS CALLED RACISM

THE ATTITUDE WAS A REFLECTION OF SOCIAL

DARWINISM

THOSE FITTEST FOR SURVIVAL ENJOYED WEALTH

AND SUCCESS

NON-EUROPEANS WERE CONSIDERED LOWER

SCALE

EUROPEANS BELIEVED THEY HAD THE RIGHT AND THE

DUTY TO…

…BRING RESULTS OF THEIR PROGRESS TO OTHER

COUNTRIES

EUROPEANS TRIED TO “WESTERNIZE” THE PEOPLES OF

FOREIGN LANDS

ALSO, EUROPEANS HAD TECHNOLOGICAL

SUPERIORITY

INVENTION OF STEAM ENGINE BOOSTED TRAVEL +

COMMUNICATION

EUROPEANS PERFECTED DRUGS TO

PREVENT DISEASE

THE SCRAMBLE BEGAN IN 1880

NO EUROPEANM POWER WANTED TO BE LEFT OUT OF

THE RACE

COMPETION WAS FIERCE AND EUROPEANS FEARED

WAR

BERLIN CONFERENCE WAS CALLED

14 EUROPEAN NATIONS MET

EUROPEAN NATIONS CARVED

UP AFRICA

WITH NO CONSIDERATION FOR

THE AFRICANS

OBJECTIVE 3IDENTIFY THREE GROUPS THAT CLASHED IN SOUTH AFRICA.

SOUTH AFRICA

DEMONSTRATED IMPACT OF IMPERIALISM

AFRICANS, DUTCH AND BRITISH CLASHED OVER LAND +

RESOURCES

DISPUTE OVER CONTROL OF LANDS FOR ABOUT 100

YEARS

TO PROTECT THEMSELVES, AFRICANS CREATED LARGE

CENTRALIZED STATE

AFRICAN ZULUS LED BY SHAKA,

HELD KINGDOM TOGETHER

BUT HIS SUCCESSORS WERE UNABLE TO KEEP

THE LAND

ZULU`S LOST THEIR KINGDOM, FELL UNDER

BRITISH CONTROL

FIRST EUROPEAN SETTLERS IN SOUTH AFRICA HAD BEEN THE

DUTCH

AFTER BRITISH TOOK POWER THEY CLASHED WITH THE

DUTCH

LED TO THE BOER WAR

BRITAIN VS THE DUTCH

THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS

NOW CONTROLLED SOUTH AFRICA

CONCLUSION

EUROPEANS CHANGED THE LIVES OF THE PEOPLE THEY

CONQUERED

POLITICALLY, SOCIALLY +

E C O N O M I C A L L Y

OBJECTIVE 1DESCRIBE AFRICA BEFORE EUROPEAN

DOMINANCE.

OBJECTIVE 2SUMMARIZE THE

MOTIVES OF EUROPEAN COLONIZERS AND THE

FACTORS THAT ALLOWED THEM TO CONTROL AFRICA.

OBJECTIVE 3IDENTIFY THREE

GROUPS THAT CLASHED IN

SOUTH AFRICA.