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Why Care About STEM Education?
Jeff Estes
Science & Engineering Education
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
AWSP STEM Education Retreat – Cohort 4
Sleeping Lady Resort
July 22-25, 2013
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PNNL-SA-74059
Making the Case…
A Brief Introduction
Operationally Defining STEM
Quick Review: Call to Action to Improve STEM
Innovation, Economics and STEM Education
STEM Education Leadership
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America’s National Labs…Engines of Prosperity and Invention
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Scientific Discovery to Innovative Applications…Just a Few
Battelle
Xerography
Sandwich Coin
Universal Product Code
Optical Disk Technology
Microwavable Heat Seat
Cruise Control
Tamper Resistant Packaging
Biodegradable Plastics
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Science to Solutions: Meeting
Human Wants & Needs
Prototype of equipment to increase speed of candy coating process
EDUCATION & INDUSTRYMy Role in STEM
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A Quick Work Bio…
Work Experience
Director, Science & Engineering Education, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
Science Education Specialist, PNNL
Energy/Science Educator, Hanford Science Center
K-12 teacher, Richland and Tacoma
Current Role – Strategy execution and evaluation of PNNL’s efforts to:
Help strengthen STEM education in Washington State
Improve PNNL-based education programs for students, college faculty and K-12 teachers
Deliver against the STEM education expectations of the U.S. Department of Energy and Battelle
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STEM Education Objective…
Realize change in the STEM education
ecosystemPurpose
Policy
Program
Practice
Partnership
Plant
Sow the seeds of wonder, inquiry, problem-solving and critical thinking
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Cultivate
Improve STEM education through cultivating a rich STEM education environment
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Harvest
Harvest a diverse STEM workforce through internship, fellowship and employment programs
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Impact
Impact the Nation’s ability to compete and innovate globally
ABILITIES & UNDERSTANDINGS…
Defining STEM
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It’s Science Literacy…
…the ability to use scientific knowledge and processes to understand the natural world and participate in decisions…
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Innovation America: Building a
Science, Technology,
Engineering and Math Agenda,
National Governors Association
It’s Technological Literacy…
…ability to use, manage, understand, and assess technology…to satisfy perceived human needs and wants…
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Innovation America: Building a
Science, Technology,
Engineering and Math Agenda,
National Governors Association
It’s Engineering Literacy…
…is the understanding of how technologies are developed via the engineering design process…and is characterized by the systematic and creative application of scientific and mathematic principles to practical ends (e.g., solve problems)…
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Innovation America: Building a
Science, Technology,
Engineering and Math Agenda,
National Governors Association
It’s Mathematical Literacy…
…the ability of students to analyze, reason, and communicate ideas effectively as they pose, formulate, solve, and interpret solutions to mathematical problems in a variety of situations…
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Innovation America: Building a
Science, Technology, Engineering
and Math Agenda, National
Governors Association
…and the connections between them!
…STEM literacy bridges the four areas of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics…
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Innovation America: Building a Science, Technology,
Engineering and Math Agenda, National Governors
Association (JCE edit)
Distinguishing Features
Rigor - Deeper Understanding & Application (Know Why…Know How)
Relevance – Linking Academic Learning to the World Beyond the Classroom (So What?)
Workforce Development – 21st Century Careers & Skills (Family Wage Jobs)
Business/Community/School Engagement – Aligning Purposes, Policies, Programs, Practices & Partnerships for Results (Collective Will& Capacity)
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15 SNAPSHOTS FROM EVERYDAY LIFE…
Experiencing STEM
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AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, ENTOMOLOGY & LAND USE
STEM is Inquiry & Problem Solving
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Statistics…
Bug Growers…
Hydroponics…
CELL PHONES, SUNGLASSES, TOYS AND AQUARIUMS
STEM is Design
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Math
at
Work
Design for
Function
and Style
Invent!
Recreate
PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS, DANCING WITH GEOMETRY, CUSTOM GUITARS & “QUIET ON THE SET!”
STEM is Meeting Human Wants & Needs
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The science of
vibration and
resonance…
Dancing
with
Geometry
Precision
numbers +
craftsmanship
Understanding
Area…
BIKES, BATS, WIND SAILS & RESTAURANTS
STEM Bridges Learning, Recreation, Social & Work Environments
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Faster…
Stronger…
Lighter…
Durability…
Performance…
Handling…
Energy
at
Play!
How
Many? No
Problem…
A CALL TO ACTIONA National Consensus
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Examples…
1989: Science for All Americans – STEM is essential for all students…What should the substance and character of such an education be?
2007: Rising Above the Gathering Storm – STEM is critical to America’s prosperity in the 21st century.
2009: A Renewed National Commitment – “I am committed to making the improvement of STEM education over the next decade a national priority.”(President Barack Obama, November 23, 2009)
Race to the Top and Investing in Innovation Grants
Common Core Standards for ELA and Math (NGA and CCSSO)
K-12 Framework for Science Education (NRC/NAS)
Next Generation Science Standards (Achieve, Inc., AAAS, NRC, & NSTA)
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Goals for U.S. STEM EducationSuccessful K-12 STEM Education
National Research Council of The National Academies (July 2011)
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K-12 STEM Programs
Community College & Undergrad Programs
Graduate ProgramsPostgraduate
ProgramsCareers &
Citizenship
Expand the number of students who pursue advanced degrees
and careers in STEM
Expand the STEM-capable workforce
Increase STEM literacy for all students, including those
who do not pursue STEM-relate careers or additional study
in STEM disciplines
THE ROLE OF STEM EDUCATION…
Economic Development
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Strengthen the Nation’s Innovation Ecosystem
Discovery
Investment Infrastructure Partners & Collaborators
Policy and Regulatory
Talent
UniversityIndustryFed Lab
NonProfit
Startup Expansion
Attraction
Demographics
Global Trends
PoliticalClimate
Market Factors
Pre-College & Post-Secondary Education System
STEM Education…an Economic Imperative and Opportunity
…Indeed, more than half of the tremendous growth to per capita income in the 20th century can be accounted for by U.S. advances in science and technology…Several reports have drawn a direct line between the nation’s competitiveness and K-12 STEM education to support the next generation of scientists and innovators…
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Successful K-12 STEM Education
National Research Council of The National Academies
July 2011
STEM Education…an Economic Imperative and Opportunity
…The current demand for STEM-capable workers surpasses the supply of applicants who have trained for those careers…moreover, 16 of the 20 occupations with the largest projected growth in the next decade are STEM related, but only 4 of them require an advanced degree…
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Successful K-12 STEM Education
National Research Council of The National Academies
July 2011
Address the 96% Leakage Challenge
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Right now, in Washington:
#4 in high tech-based corporations…46th in science and engineering graduate programs
1st in concentration of STEM jobs…
1st in the creation of software companies…
2nd in the “New Economy” index for innovation and entrepreneurship…
By 2018, we will see a 24% increase in STEM jobs…7 points higher than national average…94% will require some post-secondary education.
STEM job skills gap is at 24K and projected to reach 45K by 2017…the mismatch in Washington between skills required for available jobs and individuals with those skills is growing faster than any other state except Delaware.
Almost half of Washington’s 4th grade teachers report teaching science less than two hours a week…only four states report less science instruction (opportunity to learn).
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Washington STEM – 2013 (www.washingtonstem.org/Why-Stem/The-Challenge)
The Hidden STEM Economy(The Brookings Institute)
A strong potential workforce exists for workers with substantial STEM skills, but less than a bachelor’s degree.
20% of all jobs require a high level of knowledge in any one STEM field (26M jobs as of April 2011)
STEM jobs have doubled as a share of all jobs since the Industrial Revolution
Half of all STEM jobs are available to workers without 4-year college degrees, and these jobs pay $53K on average – a wage 10% higher than jobs with similar education requirements
Seattle-Tacoma and Portland-Vancouver have significant bachelor’s and sub-bachelors STEM opportunities
www.brookings.edu/research/reports/2013/06/10-stem-economy-rothwell
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Voter Message: STEM = Opportunity
92% say the of next generation Washingtonians will have more opportunities with a strong foundation in STEM
83% say an increased focus on STEM helps our economy
80% support CCSS and 68% support NGSS as practical standards that focus on real-life applications of knowledge and prepare students for success in work and life.
79% say more companies will move to or expand in WA if we have a reputation for great STEM workers
78% say STEM skills are in increasing demand
70% say to expect more of students in STEM subjects
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2013 Washington STEM Voter Survey – Margin of error is 4%
COMMITTING TIME, TALENT & TREASURE…
STEM – Investing Upstream for Downstream Results
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How Does a Quality STEM Education System Help?
Breaks down one of the biggest success barriers for low-income and minority students…
Improves the chances of post-secondary success for all students…
Equips students with skills which will prepare them for the high-demand jobs of the future…
Strengthens student learning in other subjects.
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What to Emphasize in STEM…
More Emphasis onUnderstanding subject matter in context;
Use of knowledge, inquiry & problem solving;
Doing investigations over time;
Reasoning, discussion & debate;
Using evidence/strategies to develop/revise “nuanced” explanations; and
Assessing essential knowledge, processes and skills.
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STEM is an Essential Component of 21st
Century Workforce Qualities & Skills
Social & Personal Qualities
Leadership
Professionalism/Work Ethic
Teamwork/Collaboration
Ethics & Social Responsibility
Social & Cross-cultural Skills
Lifelong Learning/Self-Direction
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Fundamentals of STEM Literacy
Reading
Writing
Listening
Speaking
Math
Science
Engineering/Technology
Civics/Social Studies
Arts
Leaders Are Key
Leaders Are Key
Leaders Are Key
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STEM Change Leadership Approach
4. Develop Strategy for Moving From
Current to Future State
•Business tactics
•Scope, schedule, budget
•Training, expectations, organization
structure
•Address the personal impact of change
•Build implementation team
•Executive/leadership sponsorship secured
5. Communicate the Vision
•Identify the audiences who need to hear
strategy and the actions needed
•Communicate vision and strategy
6. Execute Plan and Remove Barriers
•Assess progress, celebrate
•Solicit feedback throughout,
adjust plans as necessary
•Remove barriers to change
Commit to Vision & Standards
Knowledge & Beliefs
Analyze Student Learning & Other Data
Context
Set Goals
Critical Issues
Plan
Do
Evaluate
Reflect and Revise
Project Management: Design & Implementation & Evaluation
Design Framework*
Strategies
*Based on Designing Professional Development for Teachers of Science and Mathematics (3rd Edition)
ADKAR: Leading the People Side of Change
Awareness
Desire
Knowledge
Ability
Reinforcement
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Thank you