WHY DO WE FALL ILL

CONTENTS.PRINCIPALES OF

TREATMENT

.PRINCIPALES OF PREVENTION

.IMMUNISATION

PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT

The treatment of infectious diseases consists of two steps. They are to reduce the effects of the disease (symptoms) and to kill the microbes which caused the disease.

i) To reduce the effects of the disease :- This can be done by taking medicines

to bring down the effects of the disease

like fever, pain or loose motions etc. and

by taking bed rest to conserve our energy. ii) To kill the microbes :- This can be done by taking suitable

antibiotics and drugs which kills the microbes and the disease is cured

PRINCIPLES OF PREVENTION There are two ways of prevention of infectious diseases.

They are general ways and specific ways. i) General ways of prevention :- Public hygiene is most important for prevention of

infectious diseases. Proper and sufficient food for every one will make people healthy to resist infection.

Air borne diseases can be prevented by living in conditions that are not crowded. Water borne diseases can be prevented by providing safe drinking water. Vector borne diseases can be prevented by providing clean environment.

ii) Specific ways of prevention :- The specific ways to prevent infectious disease is

immunisation by taking vaccines. Vaccines provide immunity from infectious diseases like tetanus, diphtheria, whooping cough, measles, polio etc.

Our body has an immune system which fights microbial infection. When this system first sees an infectious microbe, it kills the microbe and remembers it. So if the microbe enters the body the next time, it responds more vigorously. Vaccines mimic the infectious microbe and strengthens our immune system and protects the body from infectious diseases.

Immunization, or immunisation, is the process by which an individual's immune system becomes fortified against an agent (known as the immunogen).When this system is exposed to molecules that are foreign to the body, called non-self, it will orchestrate an immune response, and it will also develop the ability to quickly respond to a subsequent encounter because of immunological memory. This is a function of the adaptive immune system. Therefore, by exposing an animal to an immunogen in a controlled way, its body can learn to protect itself: this is called active immunization.The most important elements of the immune system that are improved by immunization are the T cells, B cells, and the antibodies B cells produce. Memory B cell and memory T cells are responsible for a swift response to a second encounter with a foreign molecule. Passive immunization is when these elements are introduced directly into the body, instead of when the body itself has to make these elements.Immunization is done through various techniques, most commonly vaccination. Vaccines against microorganisms that cause diseases can prepare the body's immune system, thus helping to fight or prevent an infection. The fact that mutations can cause cancer cells to produce proteins or other molecules that are unknown to the body forms the theoretical basis for therapeutic cancer vaccines. Other molecules can be used for immunization as well, for example in experimental vaccines against nicotine (NicVAX) or the hormone ghrelin in experiments to create an obesity vaccine.

Immunisation

Done By:-Group D

ASIF,NANDU ANEESH,

SHYLESH ,SARBAS ,SHEHSAD THANWEER ,JASEEM,

ZIYAN