why does the us government conduct a census every 10 years?
TRANSCRIPT
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PopulationsWhy does the US Government
conduct a census every 10 years?
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What causes populations to grow?
What contributes to fast or slow growth of a population?
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Population – all individuals of a species that live together in 1 place at 1 time
3 key features of populations:1. size – # of individuals – if small, risk extinction (disaster & little genetic variation)
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2. density - # of individuals in an area
3. dispersion – how individuals are arranged
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Population RangesA species might not be able to expand its
population range because it cannot survive the abiotic conditions found in the expanded region.
PupfishCommon dolphin
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Population-Limiting Factors
There are two categories of limiting factors—density-independent factors and density-dependent factors.
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Density independent factors – weather, fire, climate, pollution & human alteration of landscape can affect growth
Any factor that does not depend on the # of members in a population
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Density-Dependent FactorsAny factor in the environment that
depends on the #of members in a population
Biotic factors Disease Competition Parasites
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Growth=more births than deathsExponential growth curve = rate of population growth stays the same
Carrying capacity- the population size an environment can sustain (limiting resources – water, food- density dependent factors)
When a population is below the carrying capacity, the birth rate is high, when the population is at the carrying capacity, the death rate is high
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All populations grow exponentially untilsome limiting factor slows the growth.
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Carrying capacity is limited by the energy, water, oxygen, and nutrients available.
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A population stops increasing when the number of births is less than the number of deaths or when emigration exceeds immigration.
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An r-strategist is generally a small organism.Short life span
Produces many offspring
The rate strategy, or r-strategy, is an adaptation for living in an environment where fluctuation in biotic or abiotic factors occur.
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A k-strategist is generally a larger organism.Long life span
Produces few offspring
The carrying-capacity strategy, or k-strategy, is an adaptation for living in stable environments.