why urban health matters world health day 2010 urban health matters
TRANSCRIPT
WHY URBAN HEALTH MATTERS
World Health Day 2010
Urban Health Matters
• Virtually all population growth will be in urban areas over the next 30 years.
• Global poverty is concentrating in cities.
• Urbanization can have positive and negative impacts on health.
• Action is needed now to ensure cities are safe and healthy.
Urbanization and health
This year ...
• 1 billion people will wake up in an urban slum.
• 60% of UB population live in periurban slums
• 170 million urban residents will not have access to a latrine.
• 60% of UB ger population have unhygienic latrine
• Nearly 1.2 million people will die from urban air pollution.
Slums are often in regions with fewer resources
• Urban Slum Incidence, 2001
Urban settings and health
Cities confronted by a triple threat:
• infectious diseases exacerbated by poor living conditions;
• noncommunicable diseases and conditions fueled by tobacco use,
• unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, and harmful use of alcohol; and injuries, road accidents, violence and crime.
Housing and living conditions
• Inadequate, overcrowded or deteriorating housing increases the health risks from environmental hazards, violence and crime, and is associated with
• injuries,• respiratory problems,• infectious diseases, and• mental health problems.
Impacts of access on urban diet
• Insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables by urban residents reported by half of the world's countries (World Health Survey, 2003).
• Urban poor in the developed and developing world often rely on street food, fast food, processed and cheap food.
• This contributes to vitamin/mineral deficiencies, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular problems, and dental problems.
Climate change
• Cities contribute to more than 60% of greenhouse gas emissions.
• Cities account for 75% of energy consumption and similar portion of all wastes.
• City dwellers are especially vulnerable to consequences of climate change – heat waves, increasing levels of air pollution, rising sea levels in coastal areas.
World Health Day 2010 – calls to action