why wan accelerators (still) matter?

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WHY WAN ACCELERATORS (STILL) MATTER? Andrea Dainese | Data Center Engineer

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Page 1: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Why WAN AccelerAtors (still) mAtter?

Andrea Dainese | Data Center Engineer

Page 2: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Presentation

Andrea Dainese

Who isAndreA dAinese

Presentation

Data Center Engineer @ Cerved Group SpA

Red Hat RHCE

VMware VCP-DCV

NetApp NCIE-SAN

Cisco CCIE

Cisco Architecture Design Specialist

VMware vExpert

Cisco Champion Data Center

iou-web and Unified Networking Lab author

Page 3: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Presentation

Andrea Dainese

1. introduction

2. the tcP protocol

3. inter-Dc traffic characteristics

4. Key elements of WAN optimization

5. optimized WANs - a real case

6. Designing a WAAs solution

7. tips & tricks

8. conclusions

AgendaThe TCP protocol Inter-DC Traffic

CharacteristicsIntroduction Key elements

of WAN optimizationOptimized WANs

• a real caseDesigning

a WAAS solutionTips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 4: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Presentation

Andrea Dainese

1. introduction

2. The TCP protocol

3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

4. Key elements of WAN optimization

5. Optimized WANs - a real case

6. Designing a WAAS solution

7. Tips & Tricks

8. Conclusions

IntroductionIntroduction

The TCP protocol Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 5: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Bandwidth Upgrade

WAN Optimization

Vs

Andrea Dainese

Introduction

The TCP protocol Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8Introduction

Page 6: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Shared Lines

DarkFibers

Vs

Introduction

The TCP protocol Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8Audience

Page 7: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Presentation

Andrea Dainese

1. Introduction

2. the tcP protocol

3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

4. Key elements of WAN optimization

5. Optimized WANs - a real case

6. Designing a WAAS solution

7. Tips & Tricks

8. Conclusions

The TCP ProtocolIntroduction Inter-DC Traffic

CharacteristicsKey elements

of WAN optimizationOptimized WANs

• a real caseDesigning

a WAAS solutionTips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

The TCP protocol

Page 8: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Internet Control Message Protocol iCMP

User Datagram Protocol udP

Transmission Control Protocol TCP

TrAFFiC (inbound and outbound) Total [15,968 GB]

TCP [15,429 GB, 96,63 %]

udP [0,536 GB, 3,36 %]

iCMP [0,003 GB, 0,02 %]

The TCP Protocol

udP [0,536 GB, 3,36 %]

TCP [15,429 GB, 96,63 %]

iCMP [0,003 GB, 0,02 %]

Introduction Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

The TCP protocol

Page 9: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

50 ms

100 ms

150 ms

ACK

SYN, ACK

SYN

TCP • HandshakeIntroduction Inter-DC Traffic

CharacteristicsKey elements

of WAN optimizationOptimized WANs

• a real caseDesigning

a WAAS solutionTips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

TCP • Handshake

Page 10: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

50 ms 50 ms

100 ms

100 ms150 ms

150 ms200 ms

ACK

Request Request

10 Packets/s 117 Kb/s 425 Packets/s 4980 Kb/s

Segment 1 Segment 1

Segment 2

Segment 3

Segment 4

Segment 2ACK

TCP • WindowingIntroduction Inter-DC Traffic

CharacteristicsKey elements

of WAN optimizationOptimized WANs

• a real caseDesigning

a WAAS solutionTips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

TCP • Windowing

Page 11: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

TCP • Selective Acknowledge

RequestRequest

Segment 3Segment 3

Segment 2Segment 2Segment 1Segment 1

Segment 4Segment 4

ACK 1

ACK 1

Segment 2Segment 2

Segment 3

Segment 4 ACK 4

ACK 4

ACK 3

ACK 2

ACK 1, SACK 3, 4

ACK 1, SACK 3

Introduction Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

TCP • Selective

Acknowledge

Page 12: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

TCP • Slow start

20

1 2 3 4 5 6

Packet Loss

Congestion Avoidance

Congestion Control

Exponential Growth

Multiplicative Decrease

Round Trips

Con

gest

ion

win

dow

siz

e (s

egm

ents

)

7 8 9 10 11 12

40

60

80

100

120

130

Introduction Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

TCP • Slow start

Page 13: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Presentation

Andrea Dainese

1. Introduction

2. The TCP protocol

3. inter-Dc traffic characteristics

4. Key elements of WAN optimization

5. Optimized WANs - a real case

6. Designing a WAAS solution

7. Tips & Tricks

8. Conclusions

Inter-DC Traffic CharacteristicsIntroduction The TCP protocol

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 14: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Inter-DC Traffic

replication: 27%

sQL: 33%

Other Traffic (CIFS, e-mail, FTP, …): 37%

sQL [33 %]

web [2 %]

rePLiCATiOn [27 %]

OTher TrAFFiC [37 %]

Web [2 %]

sql [33 %]

rePlicAtioN [27 %]

other trAffic [37 %]

Introduction The TCP protocol

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 15: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Inter-DC Traffic

netApp snapMirror

Uncompressed

Unencrypted

Oracle sQL

Uncompressed

Unencrypted

FTP

Inter-DC Traffic

ChArACT erisTiCs

Introduction The TCP protocol

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 16: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Inter-DC Traffic

netApp snapMirror

Uncompressed

Unencrypted

Oracle sQL

Uncompressed

Unencrypted

FTP

Inter-DC Traffic

ChArACT erisTiCs

unoptimized!

Introduction The TCP protocol

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 17: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

1. Introduction

2. The TCP protocol

3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

4. Key elements of WAN optimization

5. Optimized WANs - a real case

6. Designing a WAAS solution

7. Tips & Tricks

8. Conclusions

Key elements of WAN optimization

Andrea Dainese

Introduction The TCP protocol

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 18: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

WAN optimization: key elements

data deduplication

deduPLiCATiOndATA

Introduction The TCP protocol

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 19: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

WAN optimization: key elements

data compression

COMPressiOndATA

Introduction The TCP protocol

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 20: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

WAN optimization: key elements

data deduplication and compression

COMPressiOndATA

dATA

dATA deduPLiCATiOn

deduPLiCATiOn

COMPressiOn

Introduction The TCP protocol

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 21: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Inter-DC Traffic

TCP optimization

Large initial windows

Window scaling

Advanced congestion avoidance

Selective Acknowledgement

Large buffer

TCP optimization

Introduction The TCP protocol

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 22: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Inter-DC Traffic

Applications

Object caching

Local response handling

Prepositioning

Read-ahead

Write-behind

TCP Applications

Introduction The TCP protocol

Key elements of WAN optimization

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 23: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

1. Introduction

2. The TCP protocol

3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

4. Key elements of WAN optimization

5. optimized WANs - a real case

6. Designing a WAAS solution

7. Tips & Tricks

8. Conclusions

Optimized WANs • a real case

Andrea Dainese

Introduction The TCP protocol

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 24: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

014 16 18 20 22 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1416 1618 1820 2022 220 02 24 46 68 810 12

20 M

40 M

60 M

80 M

100 M

120 M

140 M

160 M

180 M

200 M

Traf

fic in

bps

Andrea Dainese

Optimized WANs • a real caseIntroduction The TCP protocol

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

before and after

Page 25: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

before and after

before After reduction

Total 46.0 TB 13.9 TB 70 %

replication 11.8 TB 2.9 TB 75 %

sQL 14.2 TB 4 TB 71 %

FTP (Other) 17 TB 5 TB 70 %

Optimized WANs • a real caseIntroduction The TCP protocol

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 26: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

80

70

50

40

30

20

10

0 0

15:00 18:00 21:00 0:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00

60

75

65

55

45

35

25

15

520

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

Red

ucti

on (%

)

Traf

fic (G

B)

Time (h:mm)Andrea Dainese

Original (All Traffic)

Optimized (All Traffic)

Reduction (All Traffic)

Optimized WANs • a real caseIntroduction The TCP protocol

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 27: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

8/18 8/21

1

1.5

2.5

3.5

2

3

4

4.5

Effe

ctiv

e C

apac

ity

(X)

Time (M/d)Andrea Dainese

Optimized WANs • a real caseIntroduction The TCP protocol

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

8/24 8/27 8/30 9/2 9/5 9/8 9/11 9/14

Page 28: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

TFO, dre, LZ

Original Optimized reduction

Transfer 725 MB 25 MB 96 %

dre 725 MB 92 MB 87 %

LZ 92 MB 25 MB 73 %

Dre

oPtimizeDlz

OPTiMiZed

LZ

dre

Optimized WANs • a real caseIntroduction The TCP protocol

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 29: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Optimized WANs • A real case

TFO, dre, LZ

Introduction The TCP protocol

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Designing a WAAS solution

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 30: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

1. Introduction

2. The TCP protocol

3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

4. Key elements of WAN optimization

5. Optimized WANs - a real case

6. Designing a WAAs solution

7. Tips & Tricks

8. Conclusions

Designing a WAAS solution

Andrea Dainese

Introduction The TCP protocol

Designing a WAAS solution

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 31: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Components of a WAAS solution

wAVe Appliance: http://goo.gl/cqeGJp up to 150000 TCP connection, 96GB RAM, 4.2TB

up to 6 virtual blades for installation

wAAs for isr: http://goo.gl/51eyq8

vwAAs: http://goo.gl/8cXWfe up to 50000? TCP connection, 8vCPU, 48GB RAM

wAAs Mobile: http://goo.gl/zhW9cn

wAAs express: http://goo.gl/Ujpftv up to 400 TCP connection, 10Mbps, 4GB RAM

fully integrated into IOS, ISR G2 series

CM/vCM

Components of a wAAs

solutions

Introduction The TCP protocol

Designing a WAAS solution

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 32: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Layer 2

Layer 3

cisco WAe WAN

WANAndrea Dainese

inline

Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol

Designing a WAAS solution

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 33: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Layer 2

hsrP stanby

hsrP Active

Preferred Path

cisco WAe

WAN

Andrea Dainese

inline (with hA reachability)

Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol

Designing a WAAS solution

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 34: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Layer 2

cisco WAe cisco WAe

Andrea Dainese

WAN

inline (with hA)

Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol

Designing a WAAS solution

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 35: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

cisco WAe

Andrea Dainese

WAN21

34

wCCP

Layer 3

Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol

Designing a WAAS solution

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 36: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

cisco WAe farm

Andrea Dainese

WAN

wCCP (with hA)

Layer 3

Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol

Designing a WAAS solution

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 37: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

cisco WAe cisco WAe

Andrea Dainese

site c

site b

site A WAN

Autodiscovery

Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol

Designing a WAAS solution

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 38: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

inline Vs wCCP

inline wCCP

Connected routers 1 Many

resources Transparent CPU Intensive

Failover Mechanical bypass mode Keepalive

hA Serial Parallel

scaling Scale-Up Scale-Out

Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol

Designing a WAAS solution

Optimized WANs • a real case

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 39: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

1. Introduction

2. The TCP protocol

3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

4. Key elements of WAN optimization

5. Optimized WANs - a real case

6. Designing a WAAS solution

7. tips & tricks

8. Conclusions

Tips & Tricks

Andrea Dainese

Introduction The TCP protocol

Tips & Tricks

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 40: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Tips & Tricks

Do not optimize latency sensitive protocols

(i.e. VoIP).

Leave traffic uncompressed and unencrypted for better optimization

Install root certificates for HTTPS optimization.

Add WAAS to AD for Encrypted MAPI optimization.

Use CIFS optimization for faster folder browsing on branch offices.

Consider disabling “Metadata Cache” and “local HTTP 301 Redirect”

(i.e. Joomla).

TiPs & TriCKs

Tips & TricksIntroduction The TCP protocol

Tips & Tricks

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Conclusions

41 52 6 73 8

Page 41: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

1. Introduction

2. The TCP protocol

3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

4. Key elements of WAN optimization

5. Optimized WANs - a real case

6. Designing a WAAS solution

7. Tips & Tricks

8. conclusions

Conclusions

Andrea Dainese

Introduction The TCP protocol

Conclusions

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks

41 52 6 73 8

Page 42: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

Andrea Dainese

Does wAn accelerators (still) matter?

yes

ConclusionsIntroduction The TCP protocol

Conclusions

Optimized WANs • a real case

Designing a WAAS solution

Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics

Key elements of WAN optimization

Tips & Tricks

41 52 6 73 8

Page 43: Why WAN accelerators (still) matter?

[email protected]

http://www.routereflector.com/

http://www.linkedin.com/in/adainese

@adainese

Andrea Dainese