why you “should” consider using turbine flowmeters! · why you “should” ” consider using...
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Why you Why you ““shouldshould”” consider using consider using
turbine flowmeters!turbine flowmeters!
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Initial development of turbine flowmeters was for Initial development of turbine flowmeters was for fuel measurement on aircraft.fuel measurement on aircraft.
1940’s
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Fast forward 7 decades and turbine flowmeters Fast forward 7 decades and turbine flowmeters remain a viable flow solution!remain a viable flow solution!
Today
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Hoffer Flow Controls
Privately‐held corporation located in Elizabeth City, NC.
Noted manufacturer of turbine flowmeters for liquid, gas and cryogenic flow
measurement.
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Quality SystemsQuality Systems
ASME Certified WeldersASME Certified Welders
Full Material TraceabilityFull Material Traceability
Full Range of QA Service AvailableFull Range of QA Service Available
Hydrostatic TestingHydrostatic Testing
Dye Penetrant TestingDye Penetrant Testing
XX‐‐RaysRays
NACE ComplianceNACE Compliance
UltrasoundUltrasound
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Regulatory StandardsRegulatory Standards
Our systems meet or exceed the following Our systems meet or exceed the following standards:standards:
—— ISO 9001ISO 9001—— PED 97/23/ECPED 97/23/EC—— Hand Book 44 USAHand Book 44 USA—— OIML, ROIML, R‐‐8181‐‐WorldWorld—— CSA CSA ––
CanadaCanada—— NIST NIST ‐‐
USAUSA—— PTB PTB ––
GermanyGermany—— CE Standard CE Standard ––
EuropeEurope—— Dantest Dantest ––
DenmarkDenmark—— ATEX Quality System CertificationATEX Quality System Certification
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Vertically integrated manufacturing facilities Vertically integrated manufacturing facilities includingincluding……
Machine ShopMachine Shop
Fabrication ShopFabrication Shop
Hydrostatic & Dye Penetrant ShopHydrostatic & Dye Penetrant Shop
Electronic Assembly & Test ShopsElectronic Assembly & Test Shops
Flow Meter Calibration ShopFlow Meter Calibration Shop
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Today Hoffer is recognized as the Today Hoffer is recognized as the World Leader in World Leader in
Turbine Meter TechnologyTurbine Meter Technology
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Some of the major markets servedSome of the major markets served……..
Oil & Gas Upstream and DownstreamOil & Gas Upstream and Downstream
CryogenicsCryogenics
Pharmaceuticals & BiotechPharmaceuticals & Biotech
MilitaryMilitary
AerospaceAerospace
Automotive Manufacturing & RacingAutomotive Manufacturing & Racing
Power ProductionPower Production
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Turbine Flow Meters
Turbine flow meters measure the velocity of the moving fluid.
They are typically applied in relatively clean, low to mid‐viscosity
applications.
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Meter Body Pickup Coil
Hangers or Integral Flow Straightener
Thru-Shaft w/Locknuts
Coil Riser
Deflector Cones
Flat-Bladed Turbine Rotor
Basic Principle of Operation Basic Principle of Operation
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Turbine FlowmeterPerformance Characteristics
LIN
EA
RIT
Y
FLOW RANGE ATDESIGNATED LINEARITY
K-FACTOR
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (Mv)
OUTPUT FREQUENCY (Hz)
PRESSURE LOSS (PSID)
PR
ES
SU
RE
LO
SS
(P
SID
)
OU
TP
UT
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y (
hZ
)
OU
TP
UT
VO
LTA
GE
(M
v)
K-F
AC
TO
R (
CY
C/G
AL
)
FLOW RATE
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Why use turbine meters?
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Mini-Flowmeters for low flow
liquid and gas applications.
“Premier Natural Gas Series” for custody transfer of natural gas.
Sanitary Flowmeters for food, beverage, pharmaceutical and
bio-tech.
HO Series with MS Flared
fittings commonly used
in industry.
Providing Providing ““Application SpecificApplication Specific”” flow solutions for our customers is the key.flow solutions for our customers is the key.
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages –– PerformancePerformance
High degree of accuracy High degree of accuracy (+/(+/‐‐.25% of reading) and .25% of reading) and
great repeatability (+/great repeatability (+/‐‐.1%).1%)
Suitable for Suitable for ““custodycustody””
transfertransfer
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages –– Response TimeResponse Time
Fast, dynamic Fast, dynamic
response response
timetime
Measured in milliseconds!Measured in milliseconds!
Commonly used for rocket Commonly used for rocket propulsion propulsion
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages –– Shock, vibration & temp extremesShock, vibration & temp extremes
We pWe pioneered the use of turbine ioneered the use of turbine
flowmeters on cryogenic delivery flowmeters on cryogenic delivery
trucks in the 1970trucks in the 1970’’ss
Suitable for installation on trucks Suitable for installation on trucks
subject to shock & vibration subject to shock & vibration
Subject to wide operating Subject to wide operating
temperature extremestemperature extremes
Our flow system is the Our flow system is the ““cash cash registerregister””
on many bulk delivery on many bulk delivery
cryogenic trucks domestically and cryogenic trucks domestically and
internationallyinternationally
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages –– ReliabilityReliability
Metering control fluid on a BOPMetering control fluid on a BOP
Hoffer replaced Hoffer replaced ““leakingleaking””
mag mag
metersmeters
High High ““internalinternal””
& & ““external external
pressurespressures””
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages –– Robust DesignRobust Design
Flowmeter Flowmeter ““internalsinternals”” redesigned redesigned to meet to meet ““high high shockshock”” and and ““vibrationvibration”” MIL MIL standards for US standards for US Navy.Navy.
Hoffer has supplied multiple Hoffer has supplied multiple size turbine flowmeters built to size turbine flowmeters built to meet meet MILMIL--STDSTD--901D (shock901D (shock-- high impact) and MILhigh impact) and MIL--STDSTD--167167--1 1 (vibration) for the US Navy. (vibration) for the US Navy.
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages Robust DesignRobust Design
Three Piece Construction
Threaded insert secures flowmeter internals inside
meter housing
Flowmeter Housing
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Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages –– Wide RangeabilityWide Rangeability
Flowmeters can be configured Flowmeters can be configured to provide repeatable flow ranges to provide repeatable flow ranges
with up to 100:1 with up to 100:1
turndown ratios. turndown ratios.
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Liquid Size SelectorFor
Standard HO Series Turbine FLowmeters
Liquid Size SelectorFor Standard HO Series Turbine Flowmeters
Flowmeter Size MAGNETIC PICKUP COIL MODULATED PICKUP COIL
DiameterDiameter(inches)(inches)
Linear RangeLinear Range(US GPM)(US GPM)
Linear RangeLinear Range(LPM)(LPM)
Repeatable Range(US GPM)
Repeatable RangeRepeatable Range(LPM)(LPM)
Linear RangeLinear Range(US GPM)(US GPM)
Linear RangeLinear Range(LPM)(LPM)
Repeatable Range
(US GPM)
Repeatable Repeatable RangeRange(LPM)(LPM)
1/4*1/4* .35.35--3.53.5 1.31.3--13.213.2 .25.25--4.54.5 .95.95--1717 .35.35--3.53.5 1.31.3--13.213.2 .0625.0625--4.54.5 .24.24--1717
3/8*3/8* .75.75--7.57.5 2.82.8--28.428.4 .3.3--99 1.11.1--3434 .75.75--7.57.5 2.82.8--28.428.4 .075.075--99 .28.28--3434
1/21/2 1.251.25--9.59.5 4.74.7--3636 .6.6--1212 2.32.3--4545 1.251.25--9.59.5 4.74.7--3636 .12.12--1212 .45.45--4545
5/85/8 1.751.75--1616 6.66.6--60.660.6 .9.9--2020 3.43.4--75.775.7 1.751.75--1616 6.66.6--60.660.6 .2.2--2020 .75.75--75.775.7
3/43/4 2.52.5--2929 9.59.5--110110 1.51.5--3535 5.75.7--132.5132.5 2.52.5--2929 9.59.5--110110 .35.35--3535 1.31.3--132.5132.5
1 4-60 15-227 2-75 7.6-284 4-60 15-227 .75-75 2.8-284
11--1/41/4 66--9393 2323--352352 33--115115 11.411.4--435435 66--9393 2323--352352 1.151.15--115115 4.354.35--435435
11--1/21/2 88--130130 30.330.3--492492 55--175175 1919--662662 88--130130 30.330.3--492492 1.751.75--175175 6.66.6--662662
22 1515--225225 56.856.8--852852 1111--275275 4242--10411041 1515--225225 56.856.8--852852 2.752.75--275275 10.410.4--10411041
22--1/21/2 2525--400400 9595--15141514 1515--500500 56.856.8--18931893 2525--400400 9595--15141514 55--500500 1919--18931893
33 4040--650650 151151--24602460 2020--800800 7676--30283028 4040--650650 151151--24602460 88--800800 30.330.3--30283028
44 7575--12501250 284284--47314731 5050--15001500 189189--56785678
MCP not recommended in 4MCP not recommended in 4”” and larger sizesand larger sizes
55 140140--20002000 530530--75707570 100100--25002500 379379--94639463
66 200200--29002900 757757--1097710977 125125--36003600 473473--1362613626
88 330330--52005200 12491249--1968219682 270270--64006400 10221022--2422424224
1010 650650--80008000 24602460--3028030280 540540--98009800 20442044--3709337093
1212 14001400--1200012000 52995299--4542045420 800800--1500015000 30283028--5677556775
NOTE: NOTE: Performance enhancement techniques are routinely applied to prodPerformance enhancement techniques are routinely applied to produce larger linear and usable flow ranges. uce larger linear and usable flow ranges. Consult with the applications group at Hoffer with your requiremConsult with the applications group at Hoffer with your requirements.ents.
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Turbine flowmeters are highly “repeatable” (+/-.1%). “Smart” Electronics can correct for non-linearity of the flowmeter.
PLOT OF TURBINE FLOWMETER CALIBRATION“K-FACTORS” (pulses/gallon)
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1% 10% 100%
Flow Rate
Accuracy
Percent of Reading
Percent of Full Scale Absolute Accuracy Becomes Worse with Decreased Flow
Linearity and repeatability are expressed in terms of Linearity and repeatability are expressed in terms of ““percent of readingpercent of reading”” rather than rather than ““percent of full scalepercent of full scale””
such as a pressure head measurement sensorsuch as a pressure head measurement sensor
Turbine Meter Advantages Turbine Meter Advantages –– Of Reading vs. Percent of Full ScaleOf Reading vs. Percent of Full Scale
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All All ““turbine flowmetersturbine flowmeters””
are not created equal are not created equal --
Some are Plastic
Some are Aluminum
Some are Cast
There are many
differentdesigns of“Turbine meters”
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Common Design Elements Common Design Elements –– ffor a or a
““high performance turbine flowmeterhigh performance turbine flowmeter””
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Rotor Construction Rotor Construction –– Precision MachinedPrecision Machined
All Rotor assemblies are precision machined. All Rotor assemblies are precision machined.
Hoffer does not use cast rotors.Hoffer does not use cast rotors.
Cast rotors are Cast rotors are ““heavierheavier””
than rotors machined than rotors machined from solid bar stock. Heavier rotors translate to from solid bar stock. Heavier rotors translate to slower dynamic response to changes in flow rates. slower dynamic response to changes in flow rates.
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Rotor Construction Rotor Construction –– Rotor DesignRotor Design
Hoffer uses flat rather than curved blades on its Hoffer uses flat rather than curved blades on its rotorsrotors
Curved blades are excellent for extracting the Curved blades are excellent for extracting the maximum amount of energy from a fluid stream maximum amount of energy from a fluid stream
which is why they are used in power and jet which is why they are used in power and jet engine turbines. As a result, however, they also engine turbines. As a result, however, they also
produce a higher pressure drop.produce a higher pressure drop.
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Rotor Construction Rotor Construction –– Rotor DesignRotor Design
Flat bladed rotors result in a lower pressure dropFlat bladed rotors result in a lower pressure drop
Machined rotors can be Machined rotors can be ““customizedcustomized””
with thicker with thicker blades for use in abrasive servicesblades for use in abrasive services
The blade The blade ““lengthlength””
may be adjusted to accommodate may be adjusted to accommodate larger particulate. This approach is commonly utilized larger particulate. This approach is commonly utilized
in the design of our oil patch flowmeters. in the design of our oil patch flowmeters.
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Optimization of Optimization of ““flow rangeflow range”” -- Supplying various blade angles and rotor designsSupplying various blade angles and rotor designs
Hoffer provides four different blade angles (15, 20, 25 & 30 degree) for each size meter within our HO Gas product line to optimize the ideal flow range selection.
The “steeper”
the blade angle; the lower the flow rate capability.
We offer “bladed”
and “rim”
type rotor assemblies. Rim rotors are typically specified for custody transfer
applications and produce more “pulses”
(better resolution).
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Bladed Rotor AssemblyBladed Rotor AssemblyRim Rotor Assembly
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In conclusion, you should consider using turbine flowmeters if…
Accuracy is important
Need a robust flowmeter
Require dynamic response to changes in flow conditions
Require a wide flow range
Have a specific “footprint”
(space) in which the flowmeter must fit
Require a flowmeter that is light in weight and easy to install
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How can we help you?