wikileaks , snowden and civil liberties vs . public security
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WikiLeaks , Snowden and Civil Liberties vs . Public Security. By Jeff South | Fulbright Scholar | U.S.A. Teaching at Northeast Normal University, Changchun. Whistle-blowing. Definition and history Law and ethics Journalistic considerations What society might do to address these issues. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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WikiLeaks, Snowdenand Civil Libertiesvs. Public Security
By Jeff South | Fulbright Scholar | U.S.A.Teaching at Northeast Normal University, Changchun
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Whistle-blowingDefinition and historyLaw and ethicsJournalistic considerationsWhat society might doto address these issues
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Supporters’ viewMartyrs for public interestHolding institutions accountable
Sacrificing themselves for the public good
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Opponents’ view‘Traitors’ or ‘defectors’Deluded, mistaken, unaware of big picture
‘Axe to grind’Personal glory and fameMotivated by greed
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Forms of retaliationFired, suspendedDemotedMistreatedSuedTreason!Put in jail
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Early historyContinental Congress, 1778U.S. Civil WarTerm coined in 1970sWhistleblower protection laws
But still retaliation occurs
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My Lai Massacre1968: Vietnam WarU.S. soldiers killed400-500 villagers
A soldier, Ron Ridenhour, learned about atrocities
Contacted public officials and the press
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Ridenhour’s words‘Government institutions’ first response to exposure of corruption and wrongdoing: lie, conceal and cover up. Once an institution has embraced a particular lie, it will forever proclaim its innocence.’
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My Lai MassacreLt. William Calley convicted,but served no prison time
Ridenhour became ajournalist; died at 52
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Pentagon PapersDaniel EllsbergMilitary analystIn 1971, gave politiciansand journalists a secret Defense Department study about the Vietnam War
‘Pentagon Papers’ case
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Pentagon PapersShowed U.S. governmenthad lied about the war
New York Times ran storyU.S. Supreme Court: No ‘prior restraint’
President Nixon outraged;ordered burglary
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Ellsberg’s words‘As an American citizen, as a responsible citizen, I could no longer cooperate in concealing this information from the American public. I am prepared to answer to all the consequences of this decision.’
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Ellsberg’s fateTurned himself in1973 trialBreak-in and illegalwiretapping revealed
Ellsberg acquitted
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WikiLeaksEncourages whistleblowers
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WikiLeaksEncourages whistleblowers2010: Collateral Murder
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WikiLeaksEncourages whistleblowers2010: Collateral Murder500,000 documents onwars in Afghanistan & Iraq
State Department ‘cables’(working with newspapersin U.S., U.K. and Germany)
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Fall-outU.S. investigated AssangeWikiLeak Twitter accountsCut off hosting & donationsBradley/Chelsea Manningconvicted of espionage,but not ‘aiding enemy’
35 years in prison
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Manning’s wordsHe leaked cables ‘to show the true cost of war. … I am sorry that my actions hurt people. I am sorry for the unintended consequences of my actions. When I made these decisions I believed I was going to help people, not hurt people.’
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Hero or traitor?
Obama: ‘He broke the law’
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Edward SnowdenComputer expert for CIA, then defense contractors
Upset over surveillanceby U.S. government
Monitoring Internetand phone communication
Took thousands of files
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Edward SnowdenLeaked to Guardianand Washington Post
U.S. charges: espionageNow temporary asylumin Russia
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Snowden’s words‘There is a huge difference between legitimate spying and dragnet mass surveillance ... These programs were never about terrorism: they’re about economic spying, social control, and diplomatic manipulation. The public had a right to know about these programs.’
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Snowden aftermathObama: Let’s have a debate;Snowden must stand trial
Supporters: Snowden is a hero for exposing NSA
Reporters won awards
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00:08-03:42
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00:36-02:54 … 06:58-07:30
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Differences?Ridenhour/Ellsbergvs. Manning/Snowden
In the material they leaked?To whom they leaked it?What they did afterward?
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The debateHow to weigh individualliberties vs. public security
Internal controls & trustProtection for whistleblowersHow to assess damageOur digital world:End of privacy?
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