Briarcli Manor, New York

Coordinates: 4109N 07351W / 41.150N 73.850W

Briarcli Manor /brarklf/ is a suburban village inWestchester County, New York, around 30 miles (50km) north of New York City. It is on 5.9 square miles(15 km2) of land on the east bank of the Hudson River,geographically shared by the towns of Mount Pleasantand Ossining. Briarcli Manor includes the commu-nities of Scarborough and Chilmark, and is served bythe Scarborough station of the Metro-North Railroad'sHudson Line. A section of the village, including build-ings and homes covering 376 acres (152 ha), is part ofthe Scarborough Historic District and was listed on theNational Register of Historic Places in 1984. The vil-lage motto is A Village between Two Rivers, reect-ing Briarcli Manors location between the Hudson andPocantico Rivers. Although the Pocantico is the primaryboundary betweenMount Pleasant and Ossining, since itsincorporation the village has spread into Mount Pleasant.In the precolonial era, the villages area was inhabitedby a band of the Wappinger tribes of Native Americans.In the early 19th century, the area was known as Whit-sons Corners. Walter William Law moved to the areaand purchased lands during the 1890s. Law developedthe village, establishing schools, churches, parks and theBriarcli Lodge. Briarcli Manor was incorporated as avillage in 1902, and celebrated its centennial on Novem-ber 21, 2002. The village has grown from 331 peoplewhen established to 7,867 in the 2010 census.Briarcli Manor is primarily residential and its popula-tion is relatively wealthy. It has about 180 acres (70 ha) ofrecreational facilities and parks, all accessible to the pub-lic. The village has seven Christian churches for variousdenominations and two synagogues. The oldest church isSaint Marys Episcopal Church, built in 1851. BriarcliManor has an elected local government, with departmentsincluding police, re, recreation, and public works. It hasa low crime rate: a 2012 study found it had the second-lowest in the state. In the New York State Legislature itis split between the New York State Assembly's 95th and92nd districts, and the New York Senate's 38th and 40thdistricts. In Congress the village is in New Yorks 17thDistrict.

1 HistoryMain articles: History of Briarcli Manor and Timelineof Briarcli Manor

1.1 Names

John David Ogilby

Briarcli Manors original settlement was known asWhitsons Corners for brothers John H., Richard andReuben Whitson, who owned adjoining farms in thearea totaling 400 acres (160 ha).[1][2] Whitsons Cornerswas named after the corner of Pleasantville and SouthState roads, where John H. Whitsons house, the Cross-ways, stood from 1820 until the 1940s.[nb 1] The BriarcliCongregational Churchs parish house currently stands atits former location.[3](p17) The neighboring communityof Scarborough was known as Weskora until it was re-named in 1864.[3](p11) After the community was incor-porated into Briarcli Manor in 1906, the New YorkCentral and Hudson River Railroad put up a sign read-ing Briarcli West at the Scarborough station. Soonafterward, attributed to the neighborhoods pride overtheir name,[4](p54) that sign was thrown into the Hud-son River and replaced with the original Scarboroughsign.[3](p15)[5](p101)

1

2 1 HISTORY

Briarcli Manor derives from Brier Cli, a compoundof the English words brier[nb 2] and cli. The nameoriginated in Ireland as that of the family home of JohnDavid Ogilby, a professor of ecclesiastical history at theGeneral Theological Seminary. Ogilby had named hisNewYork summer home Brier Cli after his family homein Ireland. In 1890, Walter Law bought James Stillmans236-acre (96 ha) farm and named it Briarcli Farms,later using the name Briarcli for all his property. Lawsfriend, Andrew Carnegie, called him The Laird of Briar-cli Manor"; since the title appealed to all concerned, thevillage was named Briarcli Manor.[5](p43)[6] By 1897,the village post oce and railroad station bore the nameBriarcli Manor.[1] The village (and its name) were ap-proved by its residents in a September 12, 1902 referen-dum; the name prevailed over other suggestions, includ-ing Sing Sing East.[nb 3][7] On November 21, 1902, thevillage of Briarcli Manor was established.[5](p43)

The village is also known by several other names. Itis conversationally called Briarcli, and often erro-neously written as Briar Cli Manor (although histor-ically there has been little distinction).[8][9][10] The vil-lage has been called Briarcli on the Hudson by MarkTwain and Aileen Riggin;[11][12] it is also known as theVillage of Briarcli Manor.[3] The name Briarcli hasalso been applied to other municipalities, including the470-person town of Briarclie Acres in South Carolina;in naming it, the towns founder had drawn inspirationfrom Briarcli Manors name.[13]

1.2 Precolonial and colonial eras

A portion of the village from Pine Hill with Dysart House andBriarcli Congregational Church visible.[nb 4] Taken prior to the1905 expansion of the church.

The history of Briarcli Manor can be traced back to thefounding of a settlement between the Hudson and Pocan-tico Rivers in the 19th century. The area now known asBriarcliManor had seen human occupation since at leastthe Archaic period, but signicant growth in the settle-ments that are now incorporated into the village did notoccur until the Industrial Revolution.[5](p5)

In the precolonial era, the area of present-day Briar-cli Manor was inhabited by a band of the Wappinger

tribes of Native Americans, known as Sint Sincks (orSing Sings). They owned territory as far north as theCroton River.[14][15][16] In the 1860s, Frederick Philipsepurchased about 156,000 acres (631 km2) from theSint Sincks, and named it Philipsburg Manor.[1] ThePhilipses lost their claim to the land because of theAmerican Revolutionary War; the family, which wasLoyalist, had its property conscated in 1779.[4](pp23)[7]The area remained largely unsettled until after the war; in1693, fewer than twenty families lived in the 50,000-acre(202 km2) area of Westchester which included BriarcliManor.[5](p11)

1.3 Progressive era to present day

Walter William Law

After retiring as vice president of W. & J. Sloane, Wal-ter Law moved with his family to the present Briar-cli Manor. He bought his rst 236 acres (96 ha) in1890,[1] and then quickly expanded his property, buy-ing about forty parcels in less than ten years; by 1900,he owned more than 5,000 acres (7.8 sq mi) of Westch-ester County.[17][18] Law developed the village, establish-ing schools, churches, parks and the Briarcli Lodge.His employees at Briarcli Farms moved into the vil-lage, and the population grew to encourage Law to estab-lish the area as a village. A proposition was presentedto the supervisors of Mount Pleasant and Ossining onOctober 8, 1902 that the area of 640 acres with a pop-ulation of 331 be incorporated as the Village of Briar-

2.1 Climate 3

cli Manor,[4](p14) and the village was incorporated onNovember 21.[5](p43)[14]

The Tudor Revival-style Briarcli Lodge was opened in1902 as a premier resort hotel. It was surrounded byWal-ter Laws dairy barns and greenhouses, and hosted numer-ous distinguished guests, including Franklin and EleanorRoosevelt. The lodge held the Edgewood Park School(19361954) and The Kings College (19551994)[19]before it burned to the ground on September 20, 2003.[20]

The Briarcli Manor Fire Department was founded onFebruary 10, 1903 from Briarcli Manors rst re com-pany, the 1901 Briarcli Steamer Company No. 1.[1]Scarborough was incorporated into Briarcli Manor in1906, and the Police Department was organized twoyears later. The Village Municipal Building was built in1913 and was opened on July 4, 1914. The high schoolopened in 1928, and in 1946, the Peoples Caucus party,an organization which calls out interested residents forcandidacy, was created.[3](p88)[21] Briarcli Manor cele-brated its semicentennial celebration from October 1012, 1952, publishing a book about the village and its his-tory; that year, the Crossroads neighborhood of 84 houseswas completed.[4](pi)

In 1953, Todd Elementary School opened to free spaceat the Law Park grade school.[5](p153) The Putnam Divi-sion of the New York Central Railroad was discontinuedin 1958,[22] and the following year the Briarcli ManorPublic Library opened in the former Briarcli Manortrain station. The villages rst corporate facility (partof Philips Research) opened in 1960. In 1964 the newVillage Hall opened, replacing the Municipal Building.The present high school opened in 1971 to ease the largeenrollment at the grade-school building.[5](pp1534) PaceUniversity bought Briarcli College in 1977 as a satelliteof the schools Pleasantville campus. The following year,the Scarborough School closed. In 1980, Pace Universitybegan leasing the middle-school building, and the mid-dle school was moved to a portion of the new high-schoolbuilding. The grade-school building was demolished in1996, and a retirement home was built on its site the fol-lowing year. The village celebrated its centennial in 2002,which involved celebratory events.[21]

2 Geography

Briarcli Manor is around 30 miles (48 km) north ofManhattan.[23] It is part of Westchester County and sopart of the New York metropolitan area and the NewYorkJersey CityWhite Plains, NYNJ MetropolitanDivision.[24] It is on the Hudson River, just north of theTappan Zee Bridge and south of Croton Point (near thewidest part of the river)[25] and just northwest of thecountys center.[26] According to the 2010 United StatesCensus Briarcli Manor covers an area of 6.7 squaremiles (17 km2), of which 5.9 square miles (15 km2) is

The Pocantico River as it ows under Todd Lane

land and 0.8 square miles (2.1 km2) is water.[27]

The village is a part of the Pocantico and Saw Mill RiverBasin and the Lower Hudson River Drainage Basin,[28]which leads to the Hudson west-southwest of the village.Major streams running through Briarcli Manor includethe centrally-located Caney Brook, the Pocantico River,and Sparta Brook. Abundant rock outcroppings includedolomite, granite, gneiss, and mica schist. Copper andsilver were once mined near Scarborough, and BriarcliManors geographical area has large boulders, depositedin the last glacial period.[4](p84) Elevations within the vil-lage range from less than 100 feet (30 meters) abovemean sea level near the Hudson River to approximately500 feet (150 meters) above mean sea level around thecenter and eastern areas.[29] The highest natural pointin Briarcli Manor is 1,200 feet (370 m) southwest ofNGS station mark LX4016, o Farm Road, at 533 feet(162 m) above sea level. The village, which covered onesquare mile when incorporated in 1902, has expandedprimarily through annexation: of Scarborough in 1906and acreage from the town of Mount Pleasant in 1927.[1]It is in telephone area code 914 and the postal ZIP codearea 10510.[30] Briarcli Manors Ossining portion takesup nearly half of the village land area, about 93 percentof its population, and 85 percent of its land parcels.[27]

2.1 Climate

The village is in a humid continental climate zone(Kppen climate classication: Dfa), with cold, snowywinters and hot, humid summers and four distinctseasons.[31] Its plant hardiness zone is 7a.[32] Summerhigh temperatures average in the lower 80s Fahrenheit(upper 20s Celsius), with lows averaging in the lower 60sF (upper 10s C).[33] Its highest recorded temperature was100 F (38 C) in 1995, and its lowest was 10 F (23C) in 1979.[34]

4 2 GEOGRAPHY

2.2 Neighborhoods

The village is home to neighborhoods, business and resi-dential areas, including the central business district, thehamlets of Scarborough and Chilmark and residentialareas Central Briarcli West, the Tree Streets and theCrossroads.Scarborough, often called Scarborough-on-Hudson be-cause it borders the Hudson River, is an 0.45-square-mile(1.2 km2) unincorporated district divided between Bri-arcli Manor and the village of Ossining, with most ofthe area within Briarcli Manor and a few streets in thevillage of Ossining. Scarborough is largely residential,and has some of the most expensive houses in the vil-lage, due in part to its proximity to the Hudson. Condo-minium complexes within Scarborough include KemeysCove, built in 1974, and Scarborough Manor, a 7-story,205-unit complex built in the 1960s.[35] The hamlet has apost oce and a station on the Metro-North Hudson Linewithin walking distance of most houses in the hamlet.[35]Unlike most of Briarcli Manor, Scarborough is withinthe Ossining Union Free School District. During the17th century, Scarborough became one of the rst trad-ing posts for the Dutch on the Hudson. During the early20th century, the Astor, Rockefeller and Vanderbilt fam-ilies entertained guests on their river-view country es-tates in the Scarborough area. The Scarborough His-toric District, including the Scarborough PresbyterianChurch, is on the National Register of Historic Places.Across the street from the church is Sparta Cemetery,with the graves of local Revolutionary War veterans andthe Leatherman. Scarborough was incorporated intoBriarcli Manor in 1906.[5](p44) A notable building isBeechwood, built around 1780 and considered one of thenest examples of Federal architecture in WestchesterCounty.[14] William Creighton, founder of St. MarysEpiscopal Church, named the house Beechwood af-ter he purchased it in 1836.[4](p8) Beechwood was laterpurchased by Frank A. Vanderlip, who constructed theScarborough School on the estate. The school wasfounded in 1913,[36] and closed in 1978. Holly Hill isalso part of the historic district. Hubert Rogers, a NewYork City attorney, had the house designed around 1927by William Adams Delano; Rogers named it Weskora.After his death Brooke Astor purchased the estate, re-naming it Holly Hill for its holly trees.[5](pp1167) Directlyacross from Holly Hill is the U.S. headquarters of PhilipsResearch, built on part ofWaldheim, the former 130-acre(53 ha) estate of James Speyer.[37]

Chilmark (also known as Chilmark Park) is an unincor-porated residential community of about 300 acres (120ha), established in 1925, in northern Briarcli Manor.The neighborhood was designed with Underhill Roadas its main thoroughfare, running north-south.[38] It wasnamed after the village of Chilmark, England, locatednear the home of ThomasMacy (an ancestor of ValentineEverit Macy), who arrived in the colonies in 1635. The

area is culturally signicant for its association with theMacy family, whose members were active in New Yorkand Westchester County during the 19th and early 20thcenturies. Valentine Everit Macy and his wife, Edith Car-penter Macy, founded the community and aided in its de-velopment; Macy purchased several small family farmsin present Chilmark in 1897.[38] In 1925, Macy donated265 acres (107 ha) on Old Chappaqua Road for the rstnational Girl Scout camp, which later became the EdithMacy Conference Center, a conference and training facil-ity owned and operated by the Girl Scouts of the USA.[17]The Briarcli Recreation Center was formerly the pri-vate Chilmark Club until the 1970s, when the village pur-chased the land for a recreation center and adjoining park.Macys residence in the area was the Chilmark estate, aTudor-style stone and stucco mansion built in 1896 witha nine-hole golf course. The neighborhood hosts Briar-cli Manors Conservative temple Congregation Sons ofIsrael.[14]

Chilmark features landscaped, winding roads designed toblend with the topography, access to transportation (in-cluding a commuter rail line and a highway and homesbuilt in revival styles echoing Tudor and Gothic archi-tecture; it is architecturally signicant as an example ofearly-20th-century suburban design.[38] During the 1920sMacys son, V.E. Macy Jr., founded the Chilmark ParkRealty Corporation to sell land parcels. When he be-gan marketing the area, he renovated or demolished ex-isting homes to lend an air of development and built a pri-vate 8.3-acre (3.4 ha) country club for use by Chilmarkresidents. The village of Briarcli Manor later pur-chased the site, and operates it as Chilmark Park. To de-note its development as an exclusive neighborhood, Macyplanted distinctive shade trees along Underhill Road.Since its founding, additional homes have been built inChilmark, most between 1955 and 1960.[5](p146) The de-velopments expanded the area beyond its original 300acres; it presently comprises Underhill Road and thestreets immediately adjacent to it.[38]

Southwest view of Pleasantville Road central business districtshops

The central business district, also known as the Vil-lage Center, is located on Briarcli Manors main streeton Pleasantville Road and continues on North StateRoad.[39] The area has numerous businesses lining Pleas-antville Road, a large expansion from the three stores that

5existed there in 1906.[5](p67) The business district is hometo the village hall and a pocket park, and has brick side-walks, period street lighting, and free parking.[29][40] Far-ther south along the road is the Walter W. LawMemorialPark, and further east along the road are the three schoolsof the Briarcli Manor Union Free School District. TheVillage Center contains a number of pre-RevolutionaryWar houses, including the Whitson House, built duringthe 1770s and the former home of Richard Whitson (oneof the Whitson brothers, after whom Whitsons Cornerswas named); Buckhout House, also dating to the 1770sand named for the family who lived there for over a cen-tury and the oldest, Century Homestead, dating to about1767 and rst owned by Reuben Whitson.[14] The Wash-burn House, another pre-Revolutionary house, was soldby the New York State Commission on Forfeiture toJoseph Washburn in 1775.[4](p7)

Porte-cochre of the Briarcli Lodge, a Tudor Revival resort (ca.1907)

Central Briarcli West is a neighborhood which has anumber of mansions built by 20th-century millionaireswho stayed at the Briarcli Lodge and later built estatesin the area. The lodge stood in the area and on the high-est point of Walter Laws estate from its construction in1902 until it burned down in 2003.[18] Other historic es-tates in the neighborhood include the Law family homes(built in 1902 for Walter Laws children) and Laws es-tate, the Manor House, all on Scarborough Road. Thethree estates for his children are Six Gables, Mt. Vernon,and Hillcrest. The modernist Vanderlip-Street house, de-signed by Wallace Harrison for Frank A. Vanderlip (whobuilt it for his daughter and son-in-law) was one of the rstcontemporary-style homes in Westchester. Ashridge, alarge Greek Revival estate, was built around 1825.[14]

The Tree Streets is a network of streets in the MountPleasant portion of the village. Several of the streets arenamed after regional trees, including Satinwood Lane,Larch Road and Oak Road. A number of houses in theneighborhood were constructed during a 1930s buildingboom, circling Jackson Park and near Todd ElementarySchool.[14] The Crossroads is a group of 84 houses onstreets named after local World War II veterans, includ-

ing Schrade Road, Hazelton Circle, Matthes Road andDunn Lane. It was constructed at the end of World WarII to provide aordable housing to returning veterans, andwas completed in 1952.[5](p145)[14][41]

3 Demographics

3.1 Historical

Historically, BriarcliManors racial composition has notchanged signicantly. The village has seen a decrease inits non-Hispanic white population to 86 percent, downfrom 92 percent in 1990. The mid- to late-20th centurysaw an increase in the African-American population from2.1 to 3.4 percent.[23][42]

The village has experienced signicant populationgrowth, with it and neighboring communities undergo-ing more rapid growth than Westchester County overall.The period from 1950 to 1970 saw the greatest increasein population, with growth leveling o since then.[23]

3.2 Modern

Briarcli Manor is primarily non-commercial, with over80 percent of village land residential.[5](p1) In the 2010United States Census there were 7,867 people, 2,647households and 2,037 families living in 2,753 housingunits. Hispanic and Latino Americans comprised 5.3 per-cent of the population. Of the 2,647 households, 39.7percent had children under age 18 living with them; 68.5percent were married couples living together, 6.6 percentwere headed by women, 1.9 percent were single malesand 23 percent were non-families. Twenty-one percentof all households were individuals, with 14.1 percent age65 or older. Average household size was 2.71; averagefamily size was 3.16, with a median age of 43.4 years.[43]

The villages population density was 1,319.5 inhabitantsper square mile (509.5/km2). In 2010, its racial compo-sition was 86.4 percent white, 3.4 percent African Amer-ican, 0.1 percent Native American, 6.9 percent AsianAmerican and 2.0 percent from two (or more) races; 25.6percent of the population was under age 18.[42]

Median household income was $169,310, and medianfamily income was $219,063. Males had a median in-come of $169,118, with $100,039 for females; per capitaincome was $81,465. About 4.3 percent of families and4.8 percent of the overall population were below thepoverty line, with the percentages rising to 5.6 percent forthose under 18 and 6.4 percent for those 65 or over.[44]

English is the primary language spoken at home, spokenby 87.2 percent, followed by Spanish at 3.3 percent, and9.5 percent primarily speaking other languages. Ancestryis primarily Italian and Irish, at 20.8 and 18.1 percentsrespectively, followed by Russian at 10.3 and German at

6 5 ARTS AND CULTURE

10 percent.[45]

4 EconomyAbout ve percent of Briarcli Manors land is occupiedby businesses. The village has three retail business areas,a general (non-retail) business area and scattered ocebuildings and laboratories. The villages principal retaildistrict is along Pleasantville and North State Roads.[23]

The central business district primarily has retailers suchas restaurants, cafes, small food markets and specialtyshops. The North State Road business district has a su-permarket, a bank, a gas station and a mixture of retailstores, and the other retail areas have national and localstores. The village has small oces and larger oces forthe regional (or national) market, including Sony Elec-tronics, Wsthof and Philips Research North America;the latter is headquartered in Briarcli Manor.[23][46]

The village economy depends on education, health careand social services. Of the population aged 16 and older,63 percent are in the labor force; 33 percent of thoseemployed work outside Westchester County. About 13percent of workers live and work in the village, and theaverage commute is 37.1 minutes.[23] Briarcli Manorhas a number of wealthy residents, and was rated 19thon CNNMoney's 25 Top-Earning Towns in the U.S.[47]An assessment by nancial news corporation 24/7 WallSt., using data from the U.S. Census Bureaus AmericanCommunity Survey from 2006 to 2010, rated the villagesschool district the fth-wealthiest in the United States andthe third-wealthiest in New York.[48]

In 2004, the top ve employers in Briarcli Manor werethe Briarcli Manor Union Free School District, PhilipsResearch, Trump National Golf Club, the Clear ViewSchool and engineering rm Charles H. Sells. Otherlarge employers are USI Holdings (a publicly tradedinsurer headquartered in the village), Atria BriarcliManor, Pace University and the village (which employs81 people).[23]

5 Arts and cultureThe village symbol is the pink Briarcli rose, simi-lar to a rose grown in the Briarcli Greenhouses (amore brightly colored oshoot of the American Beautyrose).[14] Since 2006, the Briarcli Rose has been usedon village street signs.[49] The Briarcli Manor GardenClub, which also uses the Briarcli rose as their sym-bol, was established in 1956.[5](p151) One of its primaryfunctions is in planting, maintaining, and improving pub-lic gardens and grounds.[50]

Briarcli Manor has groups in several Scouting organiza-tions, including Cub Scout Pack 6 and Boy Scout Troop18.[51][52] Pack 6 became the rst Cub Scout pack in the

American Legion and BMFDmembers alongside village residentsat the annual Memorial Day ceremony.

village at its establishment in 1968; by 2002 it had over 70cubs in 12 dens.[7] The villages rst Boy Scout troop wasTroop 1 Briarcli, founded before 1919. Sources cite BillBuman as the rst Scoutmaster and John Hersey as thetroops rst Eagle Scout. The rst Girl Scout troop in thevillage was founded in 1917 by Louise Miller and Mrs.Alfred Jones, and the rst Brownie troop was founded in1929.[5](p77)[41]

The Briarcli Manor Community Bonre is a winterholiday event at Law Park, hosted by the village andthe Briarcli Friends of the Arts, involving live music(primarily seasonal and holiday songs), refreshments andcraft projects for children.[53] Another annual communityevent is theMemorial Day parade, a tradition in BriarcliManor for more than fty years.[54] Before the parade be-gins, the Municipal Buildings bell is rung to commemo-rate reghters who have died in the previous year.[55]

5.1 Historical society

Briarcli Manor maintains strong ties to its history andtraditions. During Briarcli Manors 1952 semicen-tennial, nine people served on the Historical Commit-tee and published a village history book. In March1974, after the mayor appointed twelve people for a 75thanniversary committee, the committee began by form-ing the Briarcli Manor-Scarborough Historical Society(BMSHS). The historical society published an updatedvillage history (A Village Between Two Rivers: Briar-cli Manor) in 1977, marking the 75th anniversary ofthe village. The historical society was initially locatedat the since-demolished Briarcli Middle School build-ing; it later moved to the second oor of a realty build-ing on Pleasantville Road, and moved back to the schoolbuilding after it was leased by Pace University.[5](p195) OnMarch 21, 2010, the BMSHS was given a permanent lo-cation at the Eileen O'Connor Weber Historical Center,established as part of the expanded BriarcliManor Pub-lic Library.[56] Members of the historical society joinedthe nine-member Centennial Committee in 2002 to orga-nize events for Briarcli Manors centennial.[21]

The Centennial Committee and BMSHS helped organizeseveral events for the villages 2002 centennial celebra-

5.3 Houses of worship 7

tion, including the Centennial Variety Show at the Briar-cli High School auditorium in a sold-out two-night runon April 2627, 2002.[7] The two-act show consisted ofinterpretations of village life by village organizations anda revue of Briarcli Manor history in skits and songs.[21]Other society-sponsored events have included tours ofhomes and churches, bus tours, Hudson River cruises onhistoric boats such as the M/V Commander (built in 1917and listed on the national and state registers of historicplaces), dances, antique-car exhibits, day trips to historicpoints of interest, art exhibits and events with authors andelected ocials.[56]

5.2 Historic sites

Woodlea, a building in the Scarborough Historic District

Further information: National Register of HistoricPlaces listings in northern Westchester

BriarcliManor is home to a number of historic buildingsand districts. Buildings on the National Register of His-toric Places include All Saints Episcopal Church (addedMarch 2, 2002), Carrie Chapman Catt's house JuniperLedge (added March 4, 2006)[57][58] and several struc-tures in the 376-acre (152 ha) Scarborough Historic Dis-trict (added September 7, 1984).[59][60] Part of the OldCroton Aqueduct State Historic Park, controlled by theNew York State Oce of Parks, Recreation and HistoricPreservation, lies within the village.[61] The Old CrotonAqueduct is on the National Register and is a NationalHistoric Landmark.[59][62]

Although Catts house Juniper Ledge is within BriarcliManors postal boundaries, the property is locatedwithin the municipal boundaries of the nearby town ofNew Castle. Briarcli Manor composer and historianCarmino Ravosa initiated the houses preservation byresearching and initiating the nomination of JuniperLedge to the National Register.[57][63][64]

All Saints Episcopal Church

5.3 Houses of worship

Briarcli Manor is home to seven Christian churchesand two synagogues; three churches (Holy InnocentsAnglican Church, Saint Marys Episcopal Church andScarborough Presbyterian Church) are in Scarborough.Other churches in the village are All Saints EpiscopalChurch, St. Theresas Catholic Church, Faith LutheranBrethren Church and Briarcli Congregational Church(United Church of Christ). Congregation Sons of Is-rael, a Conservative synagogue, is in Chilmark. AnotherJewish house of worship, Chabad Lubavitch of Briar-cli Manor & Ossining, is at Orchard Road in BriarcliManor.[14][65]

Saint Marys Episcopal Church, founded in 1839 byWilliam Creighton as Saint Marys Church, Beechwood,is Briarcli Manors oldest church; it was reincorporatedin 1945 as Saint Marys Church of Scarborough.[4](p28)The granite church was built by local stonemasonsand paid for by Creightons wealthy neighbors, includ-ing Commodore Matthew Perry, James Watson Webb,William Aspinwall, and Ambrose Kingsland.[5](p19)[35]The church is in near-original condition, with a designbased on the 14th-century Gothic St. Marys parishchurch in Scarborough, England and the only churchwith a complete set of William Jay Bolton stained-glasswindows.[14] The church, built in 1851, is a contribut-ing property to the National Register-listed Scarbor-ough Historic District. The 338-acre (137 ha) SleepyHollow Country Club surrounds the church groundson three sides.[66] Notable parishioners included Com-modore Matthew C. Perry and Washington Irving. Irv-ing, author of "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend ofSleepy Hollow", brought the ivy surrounding the churchfrom Abbotsford (home of Walter Scott).[1]

Scarborough Presbyterian Church, given to the commu-nity by Margaret Louisa Vanderbilt Shepard and her hus-band Colonel Elliott Fitch Shepard (who lived on thenearbyWoodlea estate), was the rst church in the UnitedStates with an electric organ.[14] Built in 1895 and de-signed by Augustus Haydel (a nephew of StanfordWhite)and Shepard (a nephew of Elliott Shepard)who de-

8 7 PARKS AND RECREATION

signed the 1899 Fabbri Mansion in Manhattanthe 3-acre (1.2 ha) church property is also part of the Scarbor-ough Historic District.[66][67]

All Saints Episcopal Church is a stone church also onthe National Register of Historic Places. It was foundedin 1854 by John David Ogilby, whose summer estateand family home in Ireland were the namesakes of Bri-arcli Manor. The Gothic Revival church, built onOgilbys summer estate,[59] was designed by RichardUpjohn and modeled on Saint Andrews in Bemerton,England.[5](p21)[68] The church, with an 1883 Stick stylerectory and 1904 Arts and Crafts-style parish hall, is anexample of the modest English Gothic parish church pop-ular in the region during the mid-19th century.[68]

The parish of St. Theresas Catholic Church was estab-lished in 1926 with thirty-six families, and the presentchurch was dedicated on September 23, 1928.[69] Therectory of the church was the farmhouse of James Still-mans Briarcli Farm.[20] The church opened a school in1965,[5](p157) which closed in 2013.[70]

Faith Lutheran Brethren Church had its 1959 beginningin a white chapel in Scarsdale. Its congregation then soldthe chapel and moved to its 2-acre (0.8 ha) current site inBriarcli Manor. The church, built largely through vol-unteer labor by the congregations twelve families, heldits rst service on October 8, 1967. A nursery-schoolprogram, the Little School, began in 1972 and the churchalso sponsors womens and youth groups.[3](p75)

Briarcli Congregational Church, built in 1896, has win-dows by Louis Comfort Tiany, William Willet, J&RLamb Studios, Hardman & Co. and Woodhaven.[14] Thechurch began in a small, one-room schoolhouse (knownas the white school), built around 1865 and used as aschool, a religious school, and a house of worship forup to 60 people. In 1896, George A. Todd Jr. askedWalter Law to support the construction of a new church.Law donated the church land, making his new church aCongregational one so the entire community (regardlessof religious background) could attend. The nave and aNorman-style tower were built rst, in an English-parishstyle with Gothic windows. When the congregation out-grew the church, Law funded a northern section (includ-ing transepts and apse) which was dedicated in 1905.He donated the church organ (replacing it in 1924), fourTiany windows and the manse across the street.[17] Thechurch housed a weekly indoor farmers market at itsparish house from 2008 to 2011, when the market wasmoved to Pace Universitys Briarcli Campus.[71]

Congregation Sons of Israel, self-described as egalitarianConservative, is the only synagogue in BriarcliManor.[72] The congregation was formed in 1891 byeleven men in Ossining, and until 1902 services were heldin homes and stores. That year, the congregation (nowtwenty-three families) purchased a building on DurstonAvenue; the Jewish Cemetery, established in 1900 onDale Avenue, is still in use. In 1920, the synagogue, num-

bering forty-ve families, established a religious school.After outgrowing its facilities, it purchased a site onWaller Avenue and completed a new synagogue in 1922.During the 1950s the congregation purchased the eleven-acre Mead Farm on Pleasantville Road, which it has usedsince 1960.[3](p101)

6 SportsSee also: Briarcli High School and Pace University

Briarcli High School oers intramural sports and eldsjunior varsity and varsity teams in sixteen sports as theBriarcli Bears. Pace University elds twelve intercol-legiate varsity sports teams which play at the NationalCollegiate Athletic Association's (NCAA) Division IIlevel. The university is a member of the NCAA and theNortheast-10 Conference.[73]

Briarcli Manor has a history of auto racing. TheFirst American International Road Race, sponsored bythe village, centered around it.[74] The prize, the Briar-cli Trophy valued at over $10,000 ($262,500 today[75]),was donated and presented by Walter Law.[5](pp823) Therace began at 4:45 a.m. on April 24, 1908 at thefront of the Briarcli Lodge and ending at the villagegrandstand.[5](p83)[76][77] The winner, Arthur Strang inan Isotta Fraschini, covered the 240 miles (390 km) inve hours and fourteen minutes.[4](p12)[74][78] More than300,000 people watched the race, and the village hadmore than 100,000 visitors that day.[5](p83)

On November 12, 1934, the Automobile Racing Club ofAmerica held another road race in Briarcli Manor. The100-mile (160 km) race was won by Langdon Quimby,driving a Willys 77, in a time of two hours and sevenminutes. The race was held again on June 23, 1935;Quimby won again, four minutes faster than the previousyear.[5](p84) In 2008, the village commemorated the rstraces centennial in a parade featuring about 60 antiquecars.[78]

7 Parks and recreationBriarcli Manor has about 180 acres (70 ha) of recre-ational facilities and parks, all of which are accessibleto the public.[6] The villages library houses its recre-ation department, which has four sta and a six-memberadvisory committee, and provides recreation program-ming for the village. The villages Department of Pub-lic Works maintains the villages parks and recreationalfacilities with one parks foreman and two groundskeep-ing personnel.[27] The following are available to BriarcliManor residents:[79]

The 12-mile (19 km) Briarcli-Peekskill Trailway

9Law Memorial Parks pond

runs from the village to the Blue Mountain Reser-vation in Peekskill. The parkland was acquired foruse by the Briarcli-Peekskill Parkway (now partof New York State Route 9A); the parkway laterchanged course, freeing the land for trail use.[80]

Chilmark Park, 8.3 acres (3.4 ha) on Macy Road,formerly the Chilmark Country Club. The parkhas six tennis courts (two clay, two all-weather andtwo green clay), a half-court basketball court, a soc-cer eld, a baseball-softball eld and a playground.Renovation of the athletic elds and basketball courtand the addition of a restroom are planned.

TheHardscrabbleWilderness Area is a 235-acre (95ha) network of wilderness trails.[81]

The 4.76-acre (1.93 ha) Jackson Road Park, ded-icated in 1975, features two half-court basketballcourts: one with a standard 10-foot (3.0 m) rim andone with a 9-foot (2.7 m) rim for younger players.The playground was renovated in 2005. About halfof the park is undeveloped wetlands.

The 1-mile (1.6 km) Kate Kennard Trail, named forthe late daughter of a former mayor, was dedicatedin 1988. It begins on Long Hill West, west of theAspinwall Road intersection.

Lynn McCrum Field, named for Briarcli Manorssecond village manager, was dedicated in June1999.[5](p61) The eld, at the corner of ChappaquaRoad and Route 9A, has a multi-purpose playing

eld for baseball, softball and soccer, parking for50 cars and a utility building with restrooms.

Pond and pavilion at Law Memorial Park

Neighborhood Park, dedicated in 1954 and aug-mented in 1958 and 1964, is 5 acres (2.0 ha) atthe corner of Whitson and Fuller Roads adjacent toSchrade Road. The Whitson Road side of the parkhas a youth baseball eld; a basketball court andplayground are accessible from the Schrade Roadentrance.

Nichols Nature Area, accessible fromNichols Place,is a steeply sloped 3.8-acre (1.5 ha) site acquired in1973 as part of a residential subdivision.

The Old Croton Aqueduct State Historic Park, run-ning along the Old Croton Aqueduct, crosses the vil-lage between Broadway and the Hudson River. Its26.2-mile (42.2 km) trail, following the aqueductfrom the Croton Reservoir to New York City, is apopular bicycling and running path maintained byNew York State. Access from the village is fromScarborough Road north of the Scarborough FireStation.

Pine Road Park, an undeveloped 66-acre (27 ha)parcel acquired in 1948 and augmented in 1963, liesbetween Pine Road and Long Hill Road East.

10 8 GOVERNMENT

The 70.9-acre (28.7 ha) Pocantico Park, BriarcliManors largest park, was acquired in 1948 andaugmented in 1963, 1964 and 1967. Abutting thePocantico River, it is home to a large number andvariety of regional fauna and has marked hikingtrails.[14]

The Recreation Center, purchased by the villagein 1980, is the former Chilmark Country Clubclubhouse and provides seasonal indoor recreation.Community organizations using the center includethe Briarcli Manor Garden Club, the Senior Citi-zens Club and the Max Pavey Chess Club.[82]

Scarborough Park, a 6-acre (2.4 ha) park acquired in1908 and developed in the early 1900s near the Scar-borough train station, is surrounded on three sidesby the Hudson River. One acre is above-water land,and the rest is below the Hudson.[18][23]

The 2,400-square-foot (220m2) Village Youth Cen-ter, near the central business district, has a deck, apatio and a lighted outdoor basketball court. It alsoprovides an indoor facility for community programsand activities.[83]

Walter W. Law Memorial Park (originally LibertyPark),[3](p85) in the center of the village on Pleas-antville Road, is a 7-acre (2.8 ha) park which wasdonated to the village by Law in 1904.[1] The vil-lage pool, added in July 1927 at a cost of $8,641($117,300 today[75]), has a 120-by-75-foot (37 m 23 m) main pool and a 30-foot-diameter (9.1m) wading pool;[1] it was Westchesters rst publicswimming pool.[5](p2) After a complete reconstruc-tion of the pool in 1977,[3](p79) a two-story bath-house and pavilion was completed in 2001 as partof a rehabilitation project, which included pavedwalkways and a veterans memorial.[7] The park wasrededicated on Veterans Day 2001.[14] It has fourlighted tennis courts: three clay and one all-weather.The pond was used for ice skating and hockey un-til the village bought a temporary rink for one ofthe tennis courts; the shallow rink freezes days ear-lier than the pond, and the tennis court lighting sys-tem allows easier skating at night.[84] Adjacent to thetennis courts is a playground. Two platform ten-nis courts are north of the park, and the BriarcliManor Public Library is on its eastern edge.

The Westchester County Bike Trail (also knownas the North County Trailway) is a 22.1-mile-long(35.6 km) rail trail criss-crossing forests, towns andhighways. One highlight is the New Croton Reser-voir and its former railway bridge. Trail accessfrom the village is behind the library, o Pleas-antville Road. The trail extends north (primar-ily along Route 100) to Baldwin Place in Somers,and south along Route 9A to Eastview in MountPleasant.[23][85]

Although there are no public golf courses in BriarcliManor, the village has two large country clubs: SleepyHollow Country Club in Scarborough and Trump Na-tional Golf Club, owned by Donald Trump.[86] TheTrump property has been home to several golf clubs sincethe early 20th century, including Briarcli Golf Club,Briar Hills Country Club and Briar Hall Country Club.Trump purchased the site in 1997 and opened the clubin 2002.[7] The main building of Sleepy Hollow CountryClub was formerly Woodlea, the 140-room RenaissanceRevival mansion of Margaret Louisa Vanderbilt Shepardand her husband. The building, which has about 70,000square feet (6,500 m2), is one of the largest houses in theUnited States.[87](p163)

8 GovernmentAs of 2014, the head of village government is MayorWilliam J. Vescio, a former village trustee who has beenmayor since 2005.[88][89] The village government con-sists of a mayor and four trustees, all unpaid ocialselected at-large for two-year terms.[3](p88) A full-time, ap-pointed village manager handles day-to-day communityaairs;[90] the rst was Max Vogel in 1967.[5](pp5961) Bri-arcliManors government operates from the village hall,which houses the Justice Court and oces of the mayorand villagemanager.[91][92][93] As of February 2014, thereare 5,531 registered voters in Briarcli Manor.[94] Asof 2007 the villages government employed 81 peoplefull-time,[23] including the ve-member Building Depart-ment, the six-member Planning Board, the twenty-nine-member Department of Public Works, the four-memberRecreation Department, the twenty-member Police De-partment, the volunteer Fire Department, the Architec-tural Review Advisory Committee, and the ConservationAdvisory Council.[27]

Briarcli Manor maintains a voting custom that dates toat least around 1905. In addition to its customary gen-eral election, held at the same day in every municipal-ity in New York, the village has a nonpartisan caucus,a town meeting-style forum to determine oceholders.The system of the Peoples Caucus is largely unique tothe village, and has been described as an extension of theNew England town hall concept. The Peoples Caucus,ocially formed in 1946, chooses candidates by major-ity vote two months before the village election, wherethe candidates usually run unopposed, turning the elec-tion into a formality.[95] The caucus is open to citizens of18 years or over who have lived in the village for at leasta month; voter registration is not required. Voters andcandidates do not declare party aliations, instead can-didates present their platforms in early January of eachyear, and weeks later the caucus meets again to vote.[96]

In the New York State Legislature, the western por-tion of Briarcli Manor (in Ossining) is represented byDemocrat Sandy Galef for the New York State Assem-

11

bly's 95th District, while the eastern part (inMount Pleas-ant) is represented by Democrat Thomas Abinanti for theAssemblys 92nd District.[97][98] Democrat David Car-lucci represents the Ossining portion of the village forthe New York Senate's 38th District, and RepublicanGregory Ball represents the Mount Pleasant end of thevillage in the Senates 40th District.[99][100] In Congress,the village is represented by Democrat Nita Lowey in theHouse of Representatives from New Yorks 17th Districtand Democrats Kirsten Gillibrand and Chuck Schumer inthe Senate.[101]

8.1 Crime

A Briarcli Manor Ford Fairlane police cruiser in 1962

The Briarcli Manor police force was founded by Ed-ward Cashman, a one-person force who covered his beaton foot and by bicycle.[1] The crime rate was low dur-ing both world wars, and village police work primarilyinvolved rounding up animals (as the constabulary haddone since before the Revolution). Most other cases weretrac violations, due to the villages size and parkway ac-cess. During the 1980s (as in the 1940s), the police blot-ter primarily consisted of accidents and trac violationson the four major roads traversing the village; a 1939 vil-lage history asserted that Briarcli has never had a seri-ous crime.[1] Burglaries have been primarily residential,and murder is rare. In 1989, when the police force con-sidered replacing its .38 six-shot revolvers with semiauto-matic 9mm pistols, opinion was divided; village ocialscould not remember when an ocer last red a gun onduty.[5](p208)

In its study of 2012 FBI Uniform Crime Reports,national realtor Movoto LLC assessed Briarcli Manoras the second-safest municipality in New York, withthe second-lowest crime rate in the state. Accordingto the FBI reports, the village had no reported violentcrimes in 2012 and a resident had a 1-in-569 chance ofbeing a crime victim.[102][103] In 2014, security systemcompany Safe Choice Security used the same data andassessed Briarcli Manor as the safest municipality in

New York.[104]

9 Education

9.1 Early childhood educationGarden House School is an elementary school in London;it also runs preschools in New York City and in Briar-cliManor,[105] at the Briarcli Congregational Churchsparish house.[106] Briarcli Nursery School is a preschoolon Morningside Drive, just outside village borders in Os-sining. It was established in 1947 at Briarcli Manorsold recreation building; it moved to Walter Laws ManorHouse and then to the William Kingsland mansion, andmoved to its current location in 1955.[5](p156)

9.2 Primary and secondary schools

Briarcli High School

The village is home to the Briarcli Manor Union FreeSchool District, which covers 6.58 square miles (17.0km2) of land and most of the village of Briarcli Manorand an unincorporated portion of the town of MountPleasant. Parts of Briarcli Manor not covered bythe school district include Scarborough and Chilmark;these areas are part of the Ossining Union Free SchoolDistrict.[6] The district serves over 1,000 students and in-cludes Todd Elementary School, BriarcliMiddle Schooland Briarcli High School.[14] From Briarcli Manorssettlement until 1918, students in grades 18 were taughtwithin one school facility; from 1919 until the 1940s, stu-dents in grades 112 were as well.[3](p50) The district isnoted for its annual high-school musicals.[107] The ele-mentary school (opened in 1953) is named after GeorgeA. Todd, Jr.,[14] who was the villages rst teacher, rstsuperintendent of schools and taught for over 40 years.[14]The middle school became a Blue Ribbon School in2005.[108]

Briarcli Manor has been home to a number of schools.Long Hill School was a public school in Scarborough un-til 1912, with about 70 students, two classrooms, and two

12 10 MEDIA

teachers. Dr. Holbrooks Military School was on Hol-brook Road from 1866 to 1915.[109] Miss TewksburysSchool and later Mrs. Marshalls Day & Boarding Schoolfor Little Girls was at Dysart House. Miss Knoxs Schoolran from 1905 in Pocantico Lodge, a hotel on Pleas-antville Road under Briarcli Lodge management. Whenit burned down in 1912, the school moved to Tarrytownand then to Cooperstown.[4](p38) Since 1954, the KnoxSchool has been located at St. James, New York.[110]The Scarborough School was rst Montessori school inthe United States; it was located at the Beechwood es-tate from 1913 until it closed in 1978.[5](pp93, 158) Sincethen, The Clear View School has run a day treatmentprogram for 83 students from nursery school age to 21there.[111] The Macfadden School ran from 1939 to 1950at the William Kingsland mansion in the village.[5](p125)

9.3 Higher education

Pace University's Dow Hall, built in 1905

Briarcli Manor has been the location for several col-leges. Briarcli Junior College was founded in 1903at the Briarcli Lodge, and moved near Briarcli Con-gregational Church, on land Walter Law donated, in1905. Among its trustees were Howard Deering John-son, Norman Cousins, Carl Carmer, Thomas K. Finlet-ter, William Zorach, Eduard C. Lindeman and LymanBryson. Ordway Tead was chairman of the board oftrustees, and his wife Clara was the colleges rst pres-ident. The school gradually improved its academic scopeand standing, and was registered with the State EducationDepartment and accredited by the Middle States Asso-ciation of Colleges and Schools in 1944. In 1951, theBoard of Regents authorized the college to grant As-sociate of Arts and Associate of Applied Science de-grees. The following year, the Army Map Service se-lected the college as the only one in the country for profes-sional training in cartography. In 1956, the junior collegestarted issuing bachelors degrees, and became known asBriarcli College. In 1977 Pace University bought theSpanish Renaissance-style Briarcli Public School build-ing, incorporating it into its Pleasantville campus (as thePace University Village Center) after leasing it for many

years. During Paces lease, the building housed the Briar-cli Manor-Scarborough Historical Society and the Vil-lage Youth Center. The Edgewood Park School oper-ated at the Briarcli Lodge from 1936 to 1954; KingsCollege was located there from 1955 to 1994, also usingthe lodge building and other dormitories and academicbuildings.[5](p172)

10 Media

A still of the Saturday Night Live pilot featuring BriarcliManor

Briarcli Manor has been the subject, inspiration or lo-cation for literature and lms. Much of James Patter-son's 2005 novel, Honeymoon, is set in the village (wherePatterson is a part-year resident).[112] Sharon Anne Sal-vatos Briarcli Manor takes place on the ctional es-tate of Briarcli Manor, and the novel was published byStein and Day in the village.[113] The pilot episode ofSaturday Night Livewas lmed in the central business dis-trict, where Briarcli Manor Pharmacy, Briarcli Wines& Liquors, and Briarcli Hardware are the backdropfor the Show Us Your Guns sketch;[114] the episodeaired October 11, 1975.[115] As well, Briarcli College'spresident Josiah Bunting III was the half-brother of theshows co-creator Dick Ebersol; while President, Buntinglet Ebersol lm the show at the college for free.[116] InPan Am, the Sleepy Hollow Country Club was the settingfor much of the series third episode.[117][118] In Febru-ary and March 2013, the nal three episodes of the rstseason of television show The Following were lmed inand around the former town of Ossining police station inBriarcli Manor.[119][120]

Films shot in the village include The Seven Sisters, Houseof Dark Shadows, Savages, Bed of Roses, Super Troop-ers, Analyze That, First Born, American Gangster, andThe Bourne Legacy. The Seven Sisters, a 1915 produc-tion, was lmed at the Briarcli Lodge.[121] The 1970House of Dark Shadows and the 1972 Merchant Ivorylm Savages were lmed at the Beechwood mansion inScarborough.[122][123] Bed of Roses was released in 1996,and was lmed at an 1860s house on Scarborough Road

11.1 Transportation 13

which was the home of Eileen O'Connor Weber.[nb 5][14]Super Troopers, released in 2001, was partially lmed onthe Taconic State Parkway from Poughkeepsie to Bri-arcli Manor.[125] Analyze That, a lm from 2002, waslmed in the village and nearby locations, including SingSing Prison.[126] The 2007 lm First Born was lmedat a house in Briarcli Manor.[127] American Gangster,also released in 2007, includes scenes lmed at twovillage houses.[128] Some parts of the 2012 lm TheBourne Legacy were lmed at the villages entrancewayto the Taconic State Parkway and at other roads in thevillage.[129]

Print media has been produced in the village since theearly 20th century, when Briarcli Farms operated aprinting press and oce, producing Briarcli Farms, theBriarcli Bulletin in 1900, the monthly Briarcli Outlookin 1903 followed by The Briarcli Once-a-Week in 1908(all edited by Arthur W. Emerson).[4](p27) The BriarcliCommunity Club, a social organization created by the vil-lage in 1910 and which existed until 1927,[1] later printedCommunity Notes. Later papers include The Briarcli Fo-rum (founded in 1926) and the 1930s BriarcliWeekly.[1]Briarcli Manor is the city of license of WXPK, andother media outlets include the Briarcli Daily Voice,News 12, PatchMedia and the River Journal.[130][131] Of-cial newspapers for the village include The Journal Newsand The Gazette.[132]

11 Infrastructure

The Briarcli Manor Village Hall

The Briarcli Manor Police Department and the vol-unteer Briarcli Manor Fire Department are stationedat the Briarcli Manor Village Hall.[133][134] The Po-lice Department has 19 personnela chief, lieutenant,ve sergeants, and twelve patrol ocersand one part-time civilian.[27] The Briarcli Manor Fire DepartmentAmbulance Corps provides emergency medical transportwith two ambulances.[135] The village is also serviced bytwo private EMS providers.[27]

Consolidated Edison provides electric power and naturalgas to the village, and the Briarcli Manor Department

of Public Works supplies water from the Catskill Aque-duct to the villages water system.[29][136] The departmentalso maintains the sewer system, village vehicles, roadsand grounds, operates a recycling center and removessnow.[137] In 2012 the village tied for fourth place (outof 48 Westchester municipalities) in the percentage ofrecycled waste (71 percent, above the county average of52 percent).[138] The department, primarily rooted in the1941 sale of Walter Laws Briarcli Table Water Com-pany, began with a state-mandated street commissioner.The commissioner in 1914 was Arthur Brown; askedby village ocials if he needed an automobile, Brownreplied that he preferred a horse but would use an auto-mobile if the village purchased it (it did not). The depart-ment has about thirty vehicles and employs twenty-ninepeople.[3](p87)[139]

The department operates the Long Hill Road water treat-ment plant and village pump stations. The Long HillRoad pump house is the primary water supply for the vil-lage with supply capacity exceeding 3.5 million gallonsper day (MGD). Briarcli Manors average daily watersupply demand is 1.45 MGD with a peak demand of 3.5MGD. Briarcli Manor has four water storage tanks (atRosecli, Farm Road, the former Kings College and theEdith May Conference Center) and two pump stations(the Long Hill Road pump house and the Dalmeny Roadpump station).[29]

11.1 Transportation

Southeast view of Laws train station (now part of the villagelibrary) in 1906

The villages transportation system includes highways,streets and a rail line; its low population density fa-vors automobiles. Briarcli Manor is accessible by thecontrolled-access Taconic State Parkway; it can also bereached by U.S. Route 9, New York State Route 9Aand New York State Route 100, which traverse the vil-lage north to south. East-west travel is more dicult;Long Hill, Pine, Elm, and Scarborough Roads are nar-row, winding and hilly.[23] Routes 9 and 9A are the mostheavily traversed roadways in the village.[29]

According to the National Bridge Inventory, BriarcliManor has 15 bridges, with estimated daily trac at

14 12 NOTABLE PEOPLE

204,000 vehicles.[140] BriarcliManor has 64 roads, witha total length of 46.1 miles (74.2 km). Twelve are namedafter trees, eleven after local residents and eight after vet-erans, and most have the road type of lane or avenue,while the only street in the village is Staord Street.[141]The villages oldest existing road is Washburn Road, onwhich is the oldest standing house in the village, CenturyHomestead. The longest road in the village, at 3 miles (5km), is Pleasantville Road; the shortest is Pine Court, 175feet (53 m).[4](p9) Around the time when the BriarcliLodge was active, Briarcli Manor roadways were con-structed of macadam and lined with concrete drains andstone fences.[20] Early in Briarcli Manors history, therst person to own an automobile was Henry Law (son ofWalter Law), who owned a buckboardwith an engine.[142]

The Metro-North Railroad Hudson Line's Scarboroughstation oers direct service to New Yorks Grand Cen-tral Terminal, and is the primary public transport to thecity. About 750 commuters board southbound trains dur-ing the morning rush hour, most driving to the station.[23]Westchester Countys Bee-Line Bus System provides ser-vice to White Plains, Tarrytown and Port Chester alongRoutes 9 and 9A.[23]

Rail transportation in the village began in 1880 with thesmall Whitsons Station on the New York City & North-ern Railroad (later the New York and Putnam Railroad);the station was rebuilt by Walter Law in 1906 in the styleof his Briarcli Lodge,[20] with Mission style furnitureand rugs. The old station was moved to Millwood, NewYork around that time to become its station;[5](p39) it fellout of use and was demolished May 9, 2012, althoughplans exist for the construction of a replica.[143] Laws Bri-arcli station became the public library in 1959.[5](p76)

12 Notable people

12.1 HistoricBriarcli Manor was historically known for its wealthyestate-owning families, including the Rockefellers, As-tors, and Macys. Many of the extended Rockefellerfamily lived in and around the neighboring area ofPocantico Hills, and William Rockefeller (brother ofJohn D. Rockefeller) lived for some time at Edgehill, hishouse in Scarborough.[5](p83)[144] U.S. Naval CommodoreMatthew C. Perry resided for years in Scarborough andwas one of the founders of Saint Marys EpiscopalChurch, and donated a bell he captured in Tabasco, Mex-ico to the church in 1847.[4](p68)[145] Captain AlexanderSlidell Mackenzie also lived in Scarborough.[4](p69) Busi-nessman William Henry Aspinwall lived in Scarborough,and was sent to England during the American CivilWar to prevent the construction of Confederate iron-clad warships. He was involved in the Panama Canal;Panamas second-largest city (now known as Coln) wasnamed Aspinwall after him by emigrants from the U.S.,

William Rockefeller

and Aspinwall Road in Scarborough was later namedafter him. John Lorimer Worden, a U.S. Navy rearadmiral who commanded the USS Monitor against theCSS Virginia during the Battle of Hampton Roads,was born at Rosemont in Scarborough.[5](p28)[36][146][147]Carrie Chapman Catt, a pioneer in the campaign forwomens surage (president of the National Ameri-can Woman Surage Association and founder of theLeague of Women Voters and the International Al-liance of Women),[148] lived at Juniper Ledge during the1920s.[58] Carle Cotter Conway, a resident of Linden Cir-cle, was president of the Continental Can Company for 33years.[5](p98)[149] Banker and businessman James Speyerlived at Waldheim, an estate in Scarborough, with hisfamily.[37] William J. Burns was the penultimate direc-tor of the Bureau of Investigation; his successor, J. EdgarHoover, transformed the agency into the Federal Bureauof Investigation. Burns established a private-investigationservice, the William J. Burns International DetectiveAgency, and his family moved to Shadowbrook, a houseon Scarborough Road, in 1917.[5](p117) William Wood-ward Baldwin, a lawyer and the ninth ThirdAssistant Sec-retary of State, rented The Elms (a house in the village)from 1897 to 1926. Further on, Baldwin bought prop-erty in the village and built a bungalow, and later boughta concrete house on Pleasantville Road near the Briarclitrain station.[142] Christian Archibald Herter, a physicianand pathologist, lived with his wife at the Edgehill es-tate; he worked at a separate laboratory building on theproperty.[150]

12.1 Historic 15

Carrie Chapman Catt

Marian Cruger Con, a landscape architect, was bornin Scarborough.[151] Brooke Astor, a philanthropist, so-cialite and member of the Astor family, lived in Bri-arcli Manor for much of her life.[152] Childrens au-thor C.B. Colby was on the village board, was the vil-lages Fire Commissioner, and researched the BMSHS1977 history. He lived on Pine Road until his deathin 1977.[5](pp192, 195, 219)[55][153] Anna Roosevelt Halstedlived with Curtis Bean Dall on Sleepy Hollow Road.[55]Blanchette Ferry Rockefeller, twice-President of theMuseum of Modern Art, lived in the village until herdeath.[154] Eugene T. Booth, a nuclear physicist andManhattan Project developer, lived in the village.[155]John Cheever lived in Scarborough, and spent most ofhis writing career in Westchester towns such as Briar-cli Manor and Ossining.[156] He served in the BriarcliManor Fire Department.[55] Coby Whitmore, a painterand magazine illustrator, lived in the village from 1945to 1965. Pulitzer Prize-winning writer and journalistJohn Hersey attended public school and lived in Briar-cli Manor; he was the villages rst Eagle Scout and alifeguard at the village pool, and his mother Grace BairdHersey was a village librarian.[5](pp137, 217)[157][158] Folksinger and songwriter Tom Glazer lived on Long HillRoad for almost 30 years.[5](p223) Mathematician BryantTuckerman, who helped develop the Data EncryptionStandard, was a long-time village resident.[159]

Ely Jacques Kahn, Jr., a writer for The New Yorker,lived in Scarborough for more than 20 years, and wasa member of the village re department.[55] His fa-ther (Ely Jacques Kahn, a New York skyscraper archi-tect) designed two houses in Briarcli Manor, includ-

ing one for sports commentator Red Barber.[5](pp136, 2178)Burton Benjamin, former vice president and directorof CBS News, lived in the village for about 30 years.Harcourt president William Jovanovich lived in Briar-cliManor for 27 years.[5](p220) Leonard Jacobson, a mu-seum architect and colleague of I. M. Pei, lived in thevillage.[160] John Kelvin Koelsch, a U.S. Navy ocer dur-ing the Korean War and the rst helicopter pilot to re-ceive the Medal of Honor, lived in Scarborough and at-tended the Scarborough School.[161] Novelist and short-story writer Richard Yates lived at the corner of Rev-olutionary Road and Route 9 in Scarborough as a boy,and named his novel Revolutionary Road; it was madeinto a 2008 lm.[162] Rolf Landauer, a German-Americanphysicist and a refugee from Nazi Germany, lived in thevillage.[163] Author Sol Stein, founder and former presi-dent of the Briarcli Manor-based Stein and Day, was avillage resident.[5](p221)[164] JohnChervokas was an adver-tising writer and executive and Ossining town supervisorand school boardmember, and a longtime resident of Bri-arcli Manor.[165] Physicist Praveen Chaudhari, an inno-vator in thin lms and high-temperature superconductors,lived in Briarcli Manor.[166] Lawrence M. Waterhousewas the founder, CEO, and president of TD Waterhouse,now part of the Toronto-Dominion Bank and TD Amer-itrade.[167] Waterhouse was a resident and benefactor ofthe Briarcli Manor-Scarborough Historical Society.[168]Cardiac surgeon Peter Praeger, a founder, president andchief executive of Dr. Praegers Sensible Foods, was avillage resident.[169]

John Lorimer Worden and his birthplace in Scarborough

The Webb family lived on the Beechwood estate. Fam-ily members who lived at the estate include Henry Wal-ter Webb, a New York Central Railroad executive whobought the property during the 1890s; Webbs cousinGeorge Webb Morell, a Union Army brigadier generalduring the American Civil War, and Webbs half-brotherAlexander S. Webb, a Union major general during the

16 15 REFERENCES

Civil War and a Medal of Honor recipient. Other fam-ily members were James Watson Webb (father of HenryWalter Webb), a diplomat, newspaper publisher and NewYork politician; General Samuel Blatchley Webb (fatherof James Watson Webb), an aide to George Washing-ton; and businessman William Seward Webb (brother ofHenry Walter Webb), founder and president of the Sonsof the American Revolution. Colonel Elliott Fitch Shep-ard, brother-in-law of William Seward Webb and aide-de-camp to New York governor Edwin D. Morgan, livedatWoodlea in Scarborough with his wifeMargaret LouisaVanderbilt Shepard and their children.[5](pp29, 47)

12.2 Contemporary

Alice Low, who along with her family has lived inBriarcli Manor since the 1950s, is an author ofchildrens books, poems and screenplays.[5](p219) Com-poser, pianist and local historian Carmino Ravosalives at the Crossroads and was a trustee of the Bri-arcli Manor-Scarborough Historical Society.[161][170]Minimalist painter Brice Marden grew up in the village,and is a 1965 graduate of Briarcli High School.[171][172]Warren Adelson lived with his family at Rabbit Hill,[173]a Georgian Revival mansion in Scarborough designedaround 1929 byMott Schmidt.[174] Robert Klein, a come-dian, singer and actor, has been living in Briarcli Manorsince the 1980s.[175] Simon Schama is a British histo-rian and professor at Columbia University, and writerand host of the BBC series A History of Britain.[176]John Batchelor, host of The John Batchelor Show ra-dio news program, lives in the village with his family.He is an active member of the Briarcli CongregationalChurch; his wife, Dr. Bonnie Ann Rosborough, is thechurchs pastor.[177] Roz Abrams is a national-news an-chor known for her work with WABC and WCBS.[178]Director, writer and producer Joseph Ruben lives in Bri-arcli Manor,[179] and musician Cliord Carter is a grad-uate of Briarcli High School.[180] William N. Valava-nis and Yuji Yoshimura both lived and taught in Bri-arcli Manor, where they ran the Yoshimura Schoolof Bonsai from 1972 to 1995.[181][182] Thomas Fitzger-ald is a senior creative executive at Walt Disney Imagi-neering.[183] Tom Ortenberg, CEO of Open Road Filmsand former president of Lionsgate Films, was born andraised in Briarcli Manor.[184] Doris Downes, a botan-ical artist and widow of art critic Robert Hughes, ownsa farmhouse in the village (where they lived for manyyears).[185][186] Curler Bill Stopera has lived in the villagefor over a decade,[187][188] minor league baseball playerBobby Blevins grew up in the village and graduated fromits schools in 2003,[189][190] and Olympic swimmer PaolaDuguet grew up in Briarcli Manor.[191] Susanne Rust,an award-winning investigative journalist, was born andraised in the village.[192]

13 See also List of villages in New York

14 Notes[1] John H. Whitson was the rst village postmaster, and his

house was the village post oces third location.[1]

[2] Brier is a variant spelling of briar, used for a numberof unrelated thicket-forming thorny plants.

[3] Sing Sing was the name of the neighboring villageOssining, New York until 1901.[5](p18)

[4] Dysart House was home to Arthur Ware (architect andbrother to Franklin B. Ware) and his family. It was builtin 1897 byWalter Law as a guest house after Dysart Housein Scotland, and remains a private residence today.[5](p73)

[5] Weber (19182013) was an active and longtime villageresident and a founding member and former president ofthe village historical society.[124]

15 References[1] Pattison, Robert (1939). A History of Briarcli Manor.

William Rayburn. OCLC 39333547.

[2] Oechsner, Carl (1975). Ossining, New York: An In-formal Bicentennial History. Croton-on-Hudson, NewYork: North River Press. ISBN 0-88427-016-5. OCLC1324414.

[3] Bosak, Midge, ed. (1977). A Village Between Two Rivers:Briarcli Manor. White Plains, New York: MonarchPublishing, Inc. OCLC 6163930.

[4] Our Village: Briarcli Manor, N.Y. 1902 to 1952. Histor-ical Committee of the SemiCentennial. 1952. OCLC24569093.

[5] Cheever, Mary (1990). The Changing Landscape: AHistory of Briarcli Manor-Scarborough. West Kenneb-unk, Maine: Phoenix Publishing. ISBN 0-914659-49-9.LCCN 90045613. OCLC 22274920. OL 1884671M.

[6] Weinstock, Cheryl (April 2, 2000). If You're Think-ing of Living In/Briarcli Manor; Small-Town QualityBut Near Manhattan. The New York Times. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[7] Briarcli Manor Centennial Committee (2002). TheBriarcli Manor Family Album: Celebrating a Century.Cornwall, New York: Village of Briarcli Manor.

[8] "$12,000,000 Realty Transfer; W.W. Law Makes RecordDeed of Land to His Own Company for $5. (PDF). TheNew York Times. February 2, 1908. Retrieved September12, 2014.

[9] New Agricultural School.; Briar Cli Farm Selected byAbram S. Hewitt and His Associates. (PDF). The NewYork Times. May 1, 1900. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

17

[10] J.D. Rockefeller, Jr. Real Fire Fighter; Takes CommandWhen Stable on Fathers Pocantico Estate Burns. (PDF).The New York Times. July 1, 1913. Retrieved September12, 2014.

[11] Clemens, Samuel Langhorne (2009). Cooley, John,ed. Mark Twains Aquarium: The Samuel Clemens-Angelsh Correspondence, 19051910. Athens, Georgia:University of Georgia Press. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-8203-3498-1. OCLC 466348775. Retrieved September 12,2014.

[12] Aileen Riggin Soule: A Wonderful Life In her ownwords (PDF). International Swimming Hall of Fame. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[13] Lewis, Catherine Heniford (1998). Horry County, SouthCarolina, 17301993. University of South Carolina. p.79. ISBN 1-57003-207-6. LCCN 97021012. OCLC36949844.

[14] Gelard, Donna (2002). Explore Briarcli Manor: A driv-ing tour. Contributing Editor Elsie Smith; layout and ty-pography by Lorraine Gelard; map, illustrations, and cal-ligraphy by Allison Krasner. Briarcli Manor CentennialCommittee.

[15] What the Name Ossining Means. The Democratic Reg-ister. March 2, 1901.

[16] Ruttenber, Edward (1872). History of the Indian tribes ofHudsons River; their origin, manners and customs; tribaland sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc.. Al-bany, New York: J. Munsell. p. 372. ISBN 978-1-279-17221-6. OCLC 129786. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[17] Sharman, Karen M. (1996). Glory in Glass: A Celebra-tion of The Briarcli Congregational Church 18961996.Briarcli Manor, New York: Caltone Color Graphics Inc.ISBN 0-912882-96-4. OCLC 429606439.

[18] Our Village: a family place for more than a century.Briarcli Manor-Scarborough Historical Society. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[19] Segal, David (February 20, 2008). God and The City.The Washington Post. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[20] Yasinsac, Robert (2004). Images of America: BriarcliLodge. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing.ISBN 978-0-7385-3620-0. LCCN 2004104493. OCLC57480785. OL 3314243M.

[21] Briarcli Manor: The First 100 Years The CentennialVariety Show. Village of Briarcli Manor. 2002.

[22] Folsom, Merrill (May 30, 1958). The Wheels of 'OldPut' Click Out a Sad Accompaniment to Riders 'AuldLang Syne'". The New York Times. Retrieved November29, 2014.

[23] Comprehensive Plan Village of Briarcli Manor(PDF). Village of Briarcli Manor. November 2007. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[24] Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas,Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined StatisticalAreas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of TheseAreas (PDF). Whitehouse.gov. Washington, D.C.: Ex-ecutive Oce of the President: Oce of Managementand Budget. February 28, 2013. Retrieved September12, 2014.

[25] Oak Ridge Associated Universities for U.S. De-partment of Energy (2004). Emergency ResponsePlanning Areas (ERPAs) and General PopulationReception Centers (PDF). Emergency Planning Mapfor Westchester County (Map). p. 2. Archived fromthe original on March 19, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140319033154/http://orise.orau.gov/csepp/documents/planning/evacuation-guidebook/files/content_files/mapwestchester.pdf. Retrieved September12, 2014.

[26] Briarcli Manor Village Court. Law Oce of JaredAltman. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[27] Stefko, Joseph; Town and Village of Ossining, New York(April 2012). Municipal Services & Financial Overview:Town and Village of Ossining, NY (PDF). Center forGovernmental Research. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[28] Westchester County. Mapping Westchester County.Westchester County Geographic Information Systems(Map). http://giswww.westchestergov.com/gismap. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[29] DMA 2000 Hazard Mitigation Plan (PDF). Village ofBriarcli Manor. July 2007. Retrieved September 12,2014.

[30] Leahy, Michael (1999). If You're Thinking of Living In...: All About 115 Great Neighborhoods In & Around NewYork. New York: Random House LLC. p. 282. ISBN978-0-307-42107-4. OCLC 40074019.

[31] Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A. WorldMap of Kppen-Geiger climate classication. The Uni-versity of Melbourne. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[32] United States Department of Agriculture. USDA PlantHardiness Zone Map. United States National Arbore-tum. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[33] Monthly Weather for Briarcli Manor, NY 10510. TheWeather Channel, LLC. Archived from the original onAugust 14, 2014. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[34] Average Weather for Briarcli Manor, NY (10510)".The Weather Channel, LLC. Archived from the originalon August 13, 2014. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[35] Brenner, Elsa (June 30, 2002). If You're Thinking ofLiving In/Scarborough; Where Plutocrats Enjoyed a RiverView. The New York Times. Retrieved September 12,2014.

[36] ScarboroughHistoric District. Living Places. TheGom-bach Group. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

18 15 REFERENCES

[37] Documents of the Assembly of the State of New York: Eigh-teenth Annual Report, 1913, of the American Scenic andHistoric Preservation Society 33 (59). Albany, New York:J. B. Lyon Company. 1913. p. 543. Retrieved September12, 2014.

[38] Village of Ossining, New York Signicant Sites andStructures Guide (PDF). Village of Ossining. April2010. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[39] Reed, M. H. (June 4, 2006). Tasty Multitasking on MainStreet. The New York Times. Retrieved September 12,2014.

[40] Zetkov-Lubin, Susan (August 26, 2012). A Tributeto the United States Armed Forces, a Blue Star By-Way Marker Dedication. Pleasantville-Briarcli ManorPatch. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[41] Moorhead-Lins, Parry (May 24, 2013). Briarcli Tradi-tions: Memorial Day. River Journal. Retrieved Septem-ber 12, 2014.

[42] State & County QuickFacts: Briarcli Manor (village),New York. United States Census Bureau. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[43] Prole of General Population and Housing Characteris-tics: 2010. American FactFinder. United States CensusBureau. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[44] Selected Economic Characteristics: BriarcliManor vil-lage, New York. American FactFinder. United StatesCensus Bureau. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[45] Selected Social Characteristics in the United States.American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Re-trieved October 25, 2014.

[46] Philips Research North America Briarcli. Philips.Koninklijke Philips N.V. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[47] Cox, Je. 25 top-earning towns 19. Briarcli Manor,N.Y.. CNN. Archived from the original on March 19,2014. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[48] Americas Richest School Districts. Fox Business. 24/7Wall St. June 8, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[49] Marchant, Robert (June 29, 2006). Historic Briarclirose adorns new street signs. The Journal News.

[50] The Briarcli Manor Garden Club Yearbook 20132014.Briarcli Manor Garden Club. September 2013. p. 2.

[51] Nackman, Barbara (November 11, 2010). Briarcli CubScouts begin holiday cheer. The Journal News. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[52] 5 Briarcli Manor Scouts earn Eagle honors. The Jour-nal News. June 2, 2013. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[53] Annual Briarcli Bonre And Holiday Sing-a-LongStarts Dec. 8. Briarcli Daily Voice. November 30,2013. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[54] Brown, Stacy (May 9, 2001). Memorial Day march toreturn to park. The Journal News.

[55] A Century of Volunteer Service: Briarcli Manor Fire De-partment 19012001. Briarcli Manor Fire Department.2001. LCCN 00093475. OCLC 48049424.

[56] Our History: a look back through four decades. Bri-arcli Manor-Scarborough Historical Society. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[57] National Register of Historic Places Registration: CarrieChapman Catt House. New York State Oce of Parks,Recreation and Historic Preservation. October 2003. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[58] Catt, Carrie Chapman, House Westchester County,New York. National Park Service. U.S. Department ofthe Interior. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[59] National Register Information System. National Regis-ter of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2010-07-09.

[60] Historic Properties Listing. Westchester County Histor-ical Society. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[61] Old Croton Aqueduct State Historic Park. New YorkState Oce of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation.Retrieved November 29, 2014.

[62] Croton Aqueduct (Old)". National Park Service. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[63] A Passion for History Leads a Hartt Alumnus down thePath to Historic Preservation (PDF). University of Hart-ford Observer (University of Hartford): 25. 2005. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[64] Ganga, Elizabeth. Landmark Status for Catt Home. TheNorthern Westchester Examiner.

[65] Your Rivertown Houses of Worship. River Journal 16(Year Ahead 2014). January 25, 2014. p. 6. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[66] National Register of Historic Places InventoryNomination form Scarborough Historic District.National Park Service. United States Department of theInterior. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[67] The History of Scarborough Presbyterian Church.Scarborough Presbyterian Church. Retrieved September12, 2014.

[68] National Register of Historic Places InventoryNomination form All Saints Episcopal Church.National Park Service. United States Department of theInterior. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[69] The Golden Anniversary of St. Theresas Parish. WhitePlains, New York: Monarch Publishing, Inc. 1976.

[70] Otterman, Sharon (January 22, 2013). New York Arch-diocese to Close 24 Schools. The New York Times. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[71] Lee, Tien-Shun (November 29, 2011). Winter FarmersMarket To Open at Pace in Briarcli. Briarcli DailyVoice. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[72] Welcome! This is who we are.... Congregation Sons ofIsrael. Retrieved November 29, 2014.

19

[73] Athletics. Pace University. Retrieved November 29,2014.

[74] April / May 1999 Feature 1908 Briarcli-to-YorktownStock Car Race. The Yorktown Historical Society. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[75] Consumer Price Index (estimate) 18002014. FederalReserve Bank of Minneapolis. Retrieved February 27,2014.

[76] Merrihew, S. Wallis, ed. (January 11, 1908). Extend theDate for the Closing of Entries. Automobile Topics (NewYork: Automobile Topics Inc.) 15 (14): 1106. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[77] Thousands to See Briarcli Race (PDF). The New YorkTimes. April 24, 1908. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[78] Schweber, Nate (October 24, 2008). Autos and HeirsMark the Centennial of a Road Race. The New YorkTimes. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[79] Recreation Facilities & Parks. Village of BriarcliManor. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[80] Briarcli-Peekskill Trailway (PDF).Westchester CountyDepartment of Parks, Recreation & Conservation. 2005.Archived from the original on March 19, 2014. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[81] Town of Mount Pleasant Recreation and Parks Depart-ment: Park Facilities (PDF). Town of Mount Pleasant.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[82] Briarcli Manor Recreation Department. Village ofBriarcli Manor. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[83] Youth Center General Information (PDF). Village ofBriarcli Manor. Archived from the original on March19, 2014. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[84] Bruttell, Nathan (December 12, 2012). Briarcli MovesIce Rink From Pond To Tennis Courts. Briarcli DailyVoice. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[85] North Country Trailway (PDF).Westchester County De-partment of Parks, Recreation & Conservation. 2009. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[86] Leonard, Devin (April 5, 1999). Trumps Garish GolfCourse Plan Disrupts Quiet Westchester Town. The NewYork Observer. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[87] Foreman, John; Stimson, Robbe Pierce (May 1991). 7.The Vanderbilts and the Gilded Age: Architectural Aspira-tions, 18791901 (1st ed.). New York, New York: St.Martins Press. pp. 152169. ISBN 0-312-05984-1.LCCN 90027083. OCLC 22957281.

[88] Bonvento, Robert (June 24, 2011). No Stipend, NoHealth Insurance. Simply Public Service. River Journal.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[89] Bonvento, Robert (July 28, 2011). Let theWater Flow ...Briarclis New Pump Station. River Journal. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[90] About Briarcli Manor. Village of Briarcli Manor.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[91] Village Manager. Village of Briarcli Manor. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[92] Mayor & Board of Trustees. Village of BriarcliManor. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[93] Justice Court. Village of Briarcli Manor. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[94] Egan, Bobbi (February 21, 2014). Briarcli Manor Vil-lage Election to Take Place on Tuesday, March 18th.River Journal 16 (Winter 2014). pp. 1, 19. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[95] Scharfenberg, David (December 18, 2005). Of TrophyHomes and Unsporting Battles. The New York Times.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[96] West, Debra (March 13, 2005). Cross Westchester;How Briarcli Runs. The New York Times. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[97] District Map for Sandy Galef. New York State Assembly.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[98] Biography of Thomas J. Abinanti. New York State As-sembly. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[99] District Map for David Carlucci. New York State Senate.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[100] District Map for Greg Ball. New York State Senate. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[101] Senators and representatives for New York. Govtrack.Civic Impulse. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[102] The Daily Voice (January 10, 2014). Briarcli NamedOne of New Yorks Safest Communities. Briarcli DailyVoice. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[103] Cross, David. The 10 Safest Places in New York.Movoto.com. Movoto LLC. Retrieved September 12,2014.

[104] 29 Safest Cities in New York: Safest Places to Live inNY. Safe Choice Security. September 15, 2014. Re-trieved September 16, 2014.

[105] Cheema, Sushil (January 8, 2011). Sutton Place: If OnlyRitzy Is Good Enough. The Wall Street Journal. Re-trieved November 29, 2014.

[106] Garden House School. Pleasantville-Briarcli ManorPatch. Archived from the original on March 4, 2012. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[107] Gross, Jane (May 4, 2003). In High School, Putting ona Show Means Broadway Dazzle. The New York Times.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[108] National Blue Ribbon Schools Program Schools Rec-ognized 1982 Through 2013 (PDF). U.S. Department ofEducation. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

20 15 REFERENCES

[109] Briarcli: Place of Schools. Briarcli Manor, New York.1906.

[110] A history worth reading .... The Knox School. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[111] Klein, Alvin (June 17, 1984). A Small Playhouse Is Re-turned To Use. The New York Times. Retrieved Septem-ber 12, 2014.

[112] Salerno, Heather (June 24, 2004). Mystery writer Patter-son savors killer view. USA Today. Retrieved September12, 2014.

[113] Salvto, Sharon (1974). Briarcli Manor. BriarcliManor, New York: Stein and Day. ISBN 0-8128-1661-7.OCLC 865174.

[114] "George Carlin / Billy Preston, Janis Ian: Show Us YourGuns". Saturday Night Live. Season 1. Episode 1.Saturday Night Live Transcripts. The GE Building, NewYork City. October 11, 1975. Occurs at time 45 27.ASIN B000XJUBLQ. NBC.

[115] Gerard, Jeremy (September 21, 1989). Guests andGhosts Gather For 'Saturday Night Live'". The New YorkTimes. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[116] Hill, Doug; Weingrad, Je (2011). Saturday Night: ABackstage History of Saturday Night Live. San Francisco,California: Untreed Reads. ISBN 978-1-61187-218-7.OCLC 792822597. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[117] Studley, Sarah (October 31, 2011). Hollywood Comes toBriarcli Manor. Pleasantville-Briarcli Manor Patch.Archived from the original on March 19, 2014. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[118] Studley, Sarah (August 18, 2011). New TV Show 'PanAm' Shoots at SH Country Club. Tarrytown-Sleepy Hol-low Patch. Archived from the original on January 5, 2012.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[119] Michelin, Robert (March 5, 2013). Kevin Bacon Films'The Following' In Briarcli Tuesday. Briarcli DailyVoice. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[120] Bruttell, Nathan (February 12, 2013). Photos: Kevin Ba-cons 'The Following' Films At Ossining Police Station.Ossining Daily Voice. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[121] Film Made at Briarcli (PDF). The New York Times.June 7, 1915. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[122] Ivory, James (1973). Savages, Shakespeare Wallah: TwoFilms by James Ivory (1st ed.). New York: Plexus Pub-lishing Ltd. pp. 79. ISBN 0-394-17799-1. OCLC810779012. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[123] Staord, Je. House of Dark Shadows. Turner ClassicMovies. Turner Entertainment Networks, Inc. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[124] Lika, Lindita (January 7, 2013). Eileen Weber, 94, Bri-arcli Manor Realtor. Briarcli Daily Voice. RetrievedOctober 11, 2014.

[125] Dawson, Nick (August 24, 2009). Hudson ValleyMovies. Focus Features. NBC Universal. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[126] Decoursey, Jacob. 12 Movies Filmed in Westchester.Westchester Magazine. Today Media. Retrieved Septem-ber 12, 2014.

[127] Rubenstein, Carin (August 14, 2005). So You Want (It)to Be in Pictures .... The New York Times. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[128] American Gangster Full Production Notes. UniversalPictures. Archived from the original on December 24,2013. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[129] Studley, Sarah (October 31, 2011). Hollywood Comes toBriarcli Manor. Pleasantville-Briarcli Manor Patch.Archived from the original on March 19, 2014. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[130] WXPK Facility Record. CDBS Public Access Database.Federal Communications Commission. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[131] Fischer, Jack (February 20, 2013). Hyperlocal Over-load?". The Briarcli Bulletin. Retrieved September 12,2014.

[132] Board of Trustees Minutes 04/03/2013 OrganizationalMeeting. Village of Briarcli Manor. April 3, 2013.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[133] Police Department. Village of Briarcli Manor. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[134] Fire Department. Village of Briarcli Manor. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[135] Emergency Medical Services. Village of BriarcliManor. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[136] Bruttell, Nathan (October 17, 2013). Catskill AqueductWork Aecting Briarcli Water Supply. Briarcli DailyVoice. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[137] Public Works Department. Village of Briarcli Manor.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[138] County Recycling Rate Continues to Exceed NationalAverage. Westchestergov.com. Westchester County.June 13, 2013. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[139] Department of Public Works Sta. Village of BriarcliManor. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[140] The National Bridge Inventory Database. National-bridges. National Bridge Inventory. Retrieved September12, 2014.

[141] 2014 Summer Newsletter. Briarcli Manor-Scarborough Historical Society. 2014. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[142] Patricia Baldwin Andrews and Robert P. Oehrig (2012).William Woodward Baldwin 18621954: His Era Im-mensely Simplied. United States: Lulu Enterprises.

21

[143] Auchterlonie, Tom (May 10, 2012). OldMillwood TrainStation Demolished. Pleasantville-Briarcli ManorPatch. Archived from the original on March 19, 2014.Retrieved September 12, 2014.

[144] Foderaro, Lisa (February 23, 2007). Spending a Dayat the Rockefellers". The New York Times. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[145] Personal Matters. Army and Navy Register, Volume 48.November 19, 1910. p. 14. Retrieved September 12,2014.

[146] Rear Admiral John Lorimer Worden. The WordenFamily Association. TheWorden Family Association. Re-trieved September 12, 2014.

[147] Steiner, Henry (March 22, 2012). Briarclis Native Son& The Battle of the Ironclads. River Journal. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2014.

[148] Car