wild life conservation in india

8/2/2019 Wild Life Conservation in India

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Presented by-

Abhay Singh Chandel

Roll No. 1


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INTRODUCTION

Conservation of Indian wildlife was not given the requisite

importance for a long time. However, the government as wellas the people slowly and gradually understood their

responsibility in this context. Today, efforts are being made

towards wildlife conservation in India, to preserve this natural

wealth. Numerous wildlife conservation projects have been

undertaken in India, both at the government as well as the

individual level, to protect the rich wildlife of the

subcontinent.


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Threats

The problem of overcrowding is one of the major reasons for the depleting population ofwild animals in India. The wildlife sanctuaries of India have become overcrowded andtheir capacity has decreased to quite an extent.

Tourism in the national parks of the country is increasing day by day. One of the reasons

for this is a rise in the popularity of eco-tourism and adventure tourism. This has led to agrowth in vehicle pollution and wildlife road fatalities, apart from leading to a damage ofthe natural habitat of birds and animals.

With the increase in tourism, the parks have witnessed an increase in wildfires also.Innocent campfires started by visitors have, more often than not, led to menacingwildfires. These fires not only kill animals, but also destroy their natural habitat.

The wildlife of coastal areas is constantly disturbed by personal watercrafts, like jet skis orwave runners. These personal watercrafts enter shallow waters and expel nesting birdsfrom their roosts. Such activities are disturbing the mating pattern of birds.

Releasing of chemicals and other toxic effluents into the water bodies has led topoisoning of the water. The animals and birds drinking such water face a fatal threat.Even the population of fish, living in such water bodies, is declining at a fast pace.


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WILDLIFE CONSERVATION

PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS


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WILDLIFE PROTECTION ACT(1972)

AND EXPORT-IMPORT POLICYThe wildlife protection act,1972 the provision of the conventionof international trade in Endangered species(CITES) export-import policy of India continue with the help of State Wildlife

Departments, the state police departments,BSF and coast guards.

During the year 2001-2002,ban on export of 29 species of

plant, plant portions and their derivatives obtained from wild

were continued. Export of 6 species of exotic birds wascontinued subject to pre shipment inspection and CITES permit

wherever required.


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INDIAN BOARD OF WILD

LIFE(IBWL)

IBWL is the apex advisory

body in the field of WildlifeConservation in the countryand is headed by theHonorable Prime Minister ofIndia. The IBWL has beenreconstituted 7 Dec. 2001.


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RESOLUTIONS OF IBWL Wildlife and forests shall be declared priority sector at the national

level for which funds should be earmarked.

Law enforcement agencies must ensure that those engaged in

poaching, illicit trade in wildlife and wildlife products, destruction oftheir habitat, and such other illegal activities are given quick anddeterrent punishment.

There should be greater governmental as well as societal recognitionand support for the many non-governmental organizations engaged

in wildlife conservation. Mainstream media to better highlight theiractivities as also successes of governmental initiatives that haveworked.


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NATIONAL WILDLIFE ACTIONPLAN(NWAP)

The first National Wildlife Action Plan(NWAP) of 1983has been revised and the new Wildlife ActionPlan(2002-2016) has been adopted. The plan outlinesthe strategies, action points and the priority projects

for conservation of wild fauna and flora in the country.


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STRATEGIES OF NWAP Effective management of protected areas.

Conservation of wild and endangered species and their

habitat. Restoration of degraded habitats outside protected

areas.

Conservation awareness and education.


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DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL

PARKS AND SANCTUARIESThere are 89 national parks and 497Wildlife sanctuaries in the countrycovering an area 1.56 lakh sq.km.

Financial assistance for development ofNational parks is provided. ProtectedAreas in mountains,deserts,and coastalregions supporting large population ofendangered species.


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FAMOUS WILDLIFE RESERVES AND

SANCTUARIES IN INDIA Bandhavgarh National Park in Madhya Pradesh Corbett National Park in Uttar Pradesh Gir National Park & Sanctuary in Gujarat Kanha National Park in Madhya Pradesh

Kaziranga National Park in Assam Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary in Kerala Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary in Rajasthan Sunderbans National Park in West Bengal Dachigam National Park in Jammu & Kashmir Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam Bhitarkanika Sanctuary, Orissa Satkosia - Baisipalli Sanctuary, Orissa Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary, Bihar Lawalong Wildlife Sanctuary, Bihar


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PROJECT TIGER

Launched in 1973-74, it has been one of the most successfulventures in recent times to protect the striped predator. Underthe same, a few sites in India were identified and named as TigerReserves. Special efforts were then carried out in these reservesto save the tiger.


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STRATEGIES OF TIGER RESERVE All forms of human exploitation and biotic disturbance to

be eliminated from the core zone and any activities carriedout in the buffer zone should not impeach the wildlife

habitat.

Any habitat management carried out should be subject toredressing the damage caused by human interference inorder to restore the ecosystem to its original state.

Changes in flora and fauna are to be documented forresearch purpose.


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PROJECT ELEPHANT

Project Elephant, a centrally sponsored scheme, was launched in February1992 to provide financial and technical support to major elephant bearingstates in India for protection of elephants, their habitats and corridors.


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MAIN ACTIVITIES OF PROJECT

ELEPHANT Ecological restoration of exiting natural

habitats and migratory of elephants.

Research on issues relating to elephant

conservation. Development of scientific and planned

management for conservation ofelephant habitats and viable population

of wild Asiatic elephants in India. Public education and awareness

programme.


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NGOs

There are also various NGOs working on wildlife conservation in Indiasuch as Wildlife Society of Orissa (Orissa), Rhino Foundation forNature (Assam), Friends of Forests (Maharashtra), North EasternSociety for Preservation of Nature and Wildlife (West Bengal),Nature'sBeckon (Assam), Nature Conservation SocietyAmravati (Maharashtra), The Friends of the Doon (Uttaranchal)

and Bali Nature and Wild Life Conservation Society (West Bengal).


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wild life conservation in india

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