wild wireless -...
TRANSCRIPT
Wild Wireless What's New and Different?
Philip Scott
Xirrus, Northern Region and
Canada Director
203-247-4412
Agenda
• Wireless Evolution
• Understanding 802.11 Operation
– 802.11a / 802.11n / 802.11ac / 802.11ad
• Understanding Client Capabilities
• Gigabit Wi-Fi Use Cases
• Planning for Gigabit Wireless
• HotSpot 2.0
• Summary
• Xirrus – Engineered for Gigabit
Wireless Growth • Christmas 2011 Day Activations
– ~ 7 Million
• Daily Activations
– IOS – 450,000+ (est.)
– Android – 750,000+ (est.)
• Consumer Device in the Enterprise
– 90% of organizations allow some level of personal BYOD today
– By 2014 some 90% of organizations will support
• What's Coming in 2015
– > 7.1 billion mobile devices in service
• Mobile phones with Wi-Fi = 800+ million
– 802.11ac devices
• 0 in 2011 - 1 billion in 2015
• 100% mobile hotspots support 11ac Source: in-Stat
6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Quarters After Launch
Glo
ba
l Cu
mu
lati
ve
Un
it S
hip
me
nts
(M
M)
Android Global Units Shipped
Android has Hit Critical Mass
First 9 Quarters Cumulative Android Unit Shipments
Source: Gartner.
Device Growth
Source: KPCB
Traffic Growth
How much data is an exabyte? It's
a billion gigabytes -.
Application Growth
Wireless Technologies
1-2Mbps
65Mbps 54Mbps
802.11 11b 11a 11g 802.11n 802.11ac 802.11ad
11Mbps
125Mbps
300Mbps
450Mbps
600Mbps
200+Mbps
433Mbps
866Mbps
1.3Gbps
6.9Gbps
7Gbps+
802.11 Timeline
Wi-Fi Standards Evolution
802.11
b
11Mbps
802.11n
600Mbps
802.11g
54Mbps
802.11ac
>1Gbps
2013 1998 1999 2000 2002 2003 2004 2008 2009 2012 2011
2.4GHz
5GHz
• Faster >1 Gbps Wi-Fi standards coming in the next couple years
• New standards are at 5GHz and beyond
1997
802.11
2Mbps
802.11ad
>5Gbps 60GHz
802.11a
54Mbps
802.11n
300Mbps
5GHz has 7X the bandwidth of 2.4GHz
• 2.4GHz Bandwidth = 3 lane road
• 5GHz Bandwidth = 21 lane freeway
675Mbps Total
Bandwidth
4.7Gbps Total
Bandwidth
Wi-Fi Operation: 802.11a/g
• SISO
– Single Input Single Output
• Single Data Stream
• Multipath Degrades Signal
• Data Rates
– Computed per packet (rating algorithms)
• Dependent on signal strength (RSSI)
• Signal to Noise (SNR)
• Packet Error Rate
• Acks
Wi-Fi Operation: 802.11n
• MIMO
• Spatial Multiplexing
• Channel Bonding
• MAC Improvements
• Improved Data Rates - Device capabilities will vary
– 65Mbps base rate
– 150Mbps, 300Mbps, 450Mbps ,600Mbps
802.11ac Characteristics • 5GHz only (standard) 2.4GHz ???
• Wider RF Channels: 80MHz and 160MHz
• Spatial Streams: 1 to 8
• 256QAM – ~30% more efficient
• Battery efficiency – faster transmit = more ‘sleep’ time
• Data Rates
Spatial
Streams
Channel
Width
Data Rate Throughput
1 80 433Mbps 220-250Mbps
2 80 866Mbps TBD
3 80X 1.3Gbps TBD
…. .. … …
8 160 6.9Gbps TBD
802.11ac Operation: MU-MIMO
Source: eetimes.com
11ac, with MU-MIMO improves aggregate network
operation, not just link speed.
• 866Mbps Link
• 433Mbps Link
• 433Mbps Link
1.7Gbps Aggregate
802.11ac Use Cases
• Standard Upgrade for 11a/n solutions
• BYOD Enablement
• Point to point links
• Home/Consumer Market – Desktop display, projection TV, gaming, camcorder to display,
broadcast TV
• HDTV – Home/office video streaming, medical imaging files,
• Upload/Download/Backup – High speed transfer, home, office business, video systems
• Backhaul – Multimedia and point to point
Consumer Class Products
Now
Enterprise Class Products (Certified)
1st Generation
• WFA Target – Q1 2013
• 3 Spatial Streams
• 40 & 80 MHz channels
2nd Generation
• 1H-2014
• xx Spatial Streams
• 160 MHz channels
• MU-MIMO
802.11ac:Availability
802.11ad Characteristics • 60GHz (57-66 GHz) –
– no backwards compatibility issues
– Limited interference
• 8GHz of unlicensed spectrum
– Four, 2.16GHz-wide channels,
– Other Multiple channel (3, 4, 12, …) and channel bonding options
• High path-loss – advantage for spatial reuse
• Directional/Beamforming Antennas Systems
• Data Rates
– 385Mbps to 6.8Gbps
802.11ad Use Cases
• Home/Consumer Market – Desktop display, projection TV,
gaming, camcorder to display,
broadcast TV
• HDMI Cable Replacement
• HDTV – Home/office video streaming,
medical imaging files,
• Upload/Download/Backup – High speed transfer, home, office
business, video systems
• Backhaul – Multimedia and point to point
• Manufacturing floor
Source: WildPackets
Different devices operate distinct from each other on wireless
Device 2.4GHz 5GHz Max Rate Survey Criteria
POS scanner X X 54Mbps Varies
Location tags X NA > -60dBm
Media Players (iPod Touch) X 65Mbps > -65dBm
Smartphones (iPhone) X Few 65Mbps > -65dBm
Tablets – low end (Kindle) X 65Mbps > -65dBm
Tablets – mid/high end (iPad) X X 65Mbps > -65dBm
Netbooks X Some 300Mbps > -70dBm
Laptops X X 300Mbps > -70dBm
Wireless Device Capability
Wi-Fi Client Capacity- Reality = 2.4GHz
= 5GHz 300Mbps
65Mbps
65Mbps
300Mbps
52Mbps
13Mbps
13Mbps
45Mbps
6.5Mbps
13Mbps
120Mbps
52Mbps
2.4G and 5G
300Mbps Max
2.4G and 5G
65Mbps Max
2.4G only
65Mbps Max
=
=
=
In a Wi-Fi network, the user data rates varies with distance,
device type, Wi-Fi band, and interference
Advantage of 11ac
• Its all about Improving the high end
– Gigabit speeds (1-7) and growing
• HD Video, Imaging, Backhaul, Offload, backup
• Its all about improving the Low End
– Improved link speed - 100+Mbps
– Improved overall network aggregated performance
– Up to 6x more power efficiency
• Its all about improving BYOD service (handhelds)
– Carriers (MWC)– pushing for 11ac capabilities- move to 5Ghz (Wi-Fi offload)
– Apple is expected to "rapidly deploy" in APs And notebooks later this year.
Gigabit Infrastructure Design
• Central Controller • Central Processing cannot support gigabit speeds
• MU-MIMO compounds issues
• Cabling / Infrastructure • Gigabit to all APs
• Edge switch uplinks
• Upgradability • Wireless Infrastructure is now 5-7 year lifecycle
• Device density and performance requirements will increase
• Rip & Replace no longer an option
• Follow the evolution of Ethernet
Gigabit Infrastructure Design
802.11g/n
Enterprise Resources
802.11b
ID and Classify Devices
Multi-State Upgradable
Email Apps Databases 802.11ac
XMS
NAC/AAA
AD/LDAP
Web Services
Internet
802.1ag/n
Central Controller
NGH, Passpoint, Wi-Fi Off-load Hotspot 2.0
• Task group formed in 2010 by the WFA
• Goal of Hotspot 2.0 initiative is to develop a set of standards that will simplify
the Wi-Fi end-user experience by emulating cellular access, authentication
and roaming methods
• Output of the Hotspot 2.0 task group is the Hotspot 2.0 Certification Program
which is intended to insure authentication and roaming interoperability among
equipment vendors and service operators
What is Hotspot 2.0?
Cellular
Automatic and Secure
1. SP subscriber comes
to roaming partner
2. Gets service
automatically
3. Secure connection
Hotspot 2.0
1. SP subscriber turns
on his phone
2. Gets cellular service
automatically
3. Secure connection
Cellular Tower
(Home SP)
Cellular Device
1. Wi-Fi subscriber comes
to AP of Home SP
2. Gets Wi-Fi service automatically
3. Secure connection
Automatic and Secure
Cellular Device Hotspot 2.0 STA
(single or
dual-mode)
Hotspot 2.0 AP
(Home SP)
Cellular Tower
(Roaming
Partner) Hotspot 2.0 STA
(single or
dual-mode)
Hotspot 2.0 AP
(Roaming
Partner)
1. Wi-Fi subscriber comes
to AP of Roaming Partner
2. Gets Wi-Fi service automatically
3. Secure connection
Hotspot 2.0 Objective Make Wi-Fi as seamless and secure as Cellular
How Hotspot 2.0 Works
• IEEE 802.11u Network Discovery
Generic Advertisement Service (GAS)
Access Network Query Protocol (ANQP)
• WPA 2-Enterprise Encryption
• EAP-Based Secure Authentication
Hotspot 2.0 FEATURE Requirements
• Provides network discovery and selection
• Both the client device and Wi-Fi APs must support 802.11u for it to work
• Uses GAS (Generic Advertisement Service) to “advertise” which Wi-Fi
networks are available to the mobile device prior to authentication
• Note: with GAS, the Wi-Fi AP is responsible for relaying the mobile device’s query to a
server in carrier’s network and for delivering the server’s response back to the mobile
device
• Uses ANQP (Access Network Query Protocol) enables mobile device to discover hotspot
operators’ domain name, roaming partners, credential type and EAP method used for
authentication , IP address type (IPv4 or IPv6) and other data that can be used by the
mobile device to select the best available network
Hotspot 2.0 FEATURE Requirements
• WPA-2 Enterprise certifies that wireless equipment is compatible with the
IEEE 802.11i standard
• WPA-2 Enterprise formally replaces Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) and
the other security features of the original IEEE 802.11 standard
• WPA2-Enterprise certification is required to support the additional
mandatory security features of the IEEE 802.11i standard that are not
already included in WPA.
WPA-2 Enterprise
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)
• EAP is a general protocol used for authentication between a mobile device
and a WLAN
• With EAP, a user requests connection to a WLAN through an AP, which
then requests the identity of the user and transmits that identity to an
authentication server such as AAA RADIUS
• The server asks the AP for proof of identity, which the AP gets from the
user and then sends back to the server to complete the authentication
• Hotspot 2.0 requires the following flavors of EAP to be supported:
Credential Type EAP Method
SIM EAP-SIM (RFC-4186)
USIM EAP-AKA (RFC-4187)
X.509 certificate EAP-TLS (RFC-5216)
Username/Password EAP-FAST (RFC-4851)
Summary
• Wireless devices and traffic is doubling yearly – BYOD
• Newer Technologies and Protocols on Horizon
• Need to ‘Intelligently’ address bandwidth and # of users
• Need to understand and address handheld capabilities
• Solving the capacity crunch requires:
– More radios
– Higher data links
– More efficient operation
• Need upgradable solution that can last 5-7 years
Wireless Future
By 2015, 80% of newly installed wireless
networks will be obsolete because of a
lack of proper planning.
Top Wireless Issues That May Derail Your Mobile Strategy. Paul
DeBeasi, October 2011
” “
The Modular Wireless Switch
Modular Wireless Switch
75% Less Equipment
Cable pulls
Switch ports
Dense radios (2 to 16 per Array)
Directional, high gain antennas
Distributed Intelligence
Summary
Highest performance
portfolio that scales and
adapts to grow
Integrated network
services controlled
at the network edge
Device management
optimized for security
and reliability
Wireless performance
getting crushed by device
and app growth
Wireless services that do
not scale and with single
point of failure
Device explosion adding
complexity and security
issues
Xirrus provides confidence your wireless network will perform under
even the most demanding circumstances
Thank You