wilder research update on homelessness in minnesota from the 2012 survey uroc event: homeless...
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Update on homelessness in Minnesota from the 2012 survey
UROC event: Homeless Students in Higher Education
June 2013
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Point in time survey, every 3 years
Trained volunteer interviewers
On October 25, 2012:
Interviews in >250 shelters and programs
Outreach locations in >50 cities, towns, and outlying areas
Not a survey of all homeless youth -- primarily those connected to youth-serving agencies
About the statewide study
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One-night study counts
3,079
4,553
5,645
7,6967,854 7,751
9,65410,214
8891,791
2,2943,178 2,862 2,726
3,251 3,546
1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012
Total count
Children with parents
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Children with their parents35%
Unaccompanied minors age 12-171%
Unaccompanied young adults age 18-2110%
Adult males age 22 or older
29%
Adult females age 22 or older
25%
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2009 2012
Unaccompanied minors (17 and under) 227 146
Young adults (18-21) 1,041 1,005
Adults (22-54) 4,585 4,708
Older adults (55 and over) 526 777
Children (<18) with parents 3,251 3,546
Total 9,654* 10,214*
Changes since 2009
*Totals include homeless people (of unknown age) in detox on the night of the survey (24 in 2009 and 32 in 2012).
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Increase in numbers mainly accounted for by
– Children with their parents
– Older adults (age 55+)
22% increase in 2-parent families
Emergency shelter use up by 27%
What is new?
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Racial disparities
Long-term health issues
Traumatic experiences in childhood
Violence and exploitation
Transition years (15-21) are time of greatest risk
What does not change?
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Youth were most likely to be found outside the shelter system on the night of the survey
33% of youth spent at least night sleeping outside
53% spent time doubled up in October
11% had been homeless less than a month (a downward trend since 2000)
43% had been homeless a year or more (an upward trend since 2000)
Current homelessness situation
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Youth
Homeless (age 21 & younger)
MN (age 10-24)
American Indian 12% 2%
Asian American 1% 6%
Black 37% 7%
White (non-Hispanic) 30% 76%
Other, including multi-racial 10% 6%
Hispanic (any race) 10% 7%
Racial disparities
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Long-term physical health problems (36%)
Significant mental health problems (52%)
Substance abuse disorder (16%)
Evidence of traumatic brain injury (23%)
At least one of the above (69%)
Long-term health issues
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Physically abused as a child (44%)
Sexually abused as a child (27%)
Neglected as a child (31%)
At least one of the above (55%)
Youth in the Twin Cities are less likely than youth in greater Minnesota to have been in placement (54% versus 65%).
60% of youth have had at least one parent incarcerated
Adverse childhood experiences
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Youth
Female Male
Stayed in abusive situation/no housing
options35% 24%
Attacked while homeless 26% 17%
Been sexual with someone to get shelter 15% 18%
Violence and sexual exploitation
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Most youth grew up in MN (76%)
42% of youth were found outside the metro
15% of youth identified themselves as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or were unsure about their sexual orientation; 2% identified as transgender
29% of youth are parents (for female youth 39%); 21% have their children with them
37% of youth had been held for more than a week in a correctional facility
Other characteristics
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31% of youth employed
8% employed full-time
Barriers youth identified to getting a job:
– Transportation (29%), Job experience/job history (18%), personal reasons (17%), a lack of housing (16%)
– Lack of employment opportunities or a lack of resources needed to work (13% each)
– Criminal history (12%), education (10%), mental health issues (10%), and a lack of child care (10%)
Employment
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95% of minors (17 and under) and 63% of young adults (18-21) were enrolled in school
69% of minors attended on the day of the survey
The top reasons homeless youth listed for not attending school include no permanent address (34%) and not being interested or motivated (27%).
42% had an IEP or special ed plan while in school
Education and school attendance
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58% of 19-21 year olds had completed high school or received their GED
10% of all homeless adults (18 and older) had completed a 2 or 4 year college degree
About 7% of all homeless adults (18 and older) were enrolled in higher education. Of these:
– 78% were in 2 year college programs
– 21% were in 4 year college programs
– 1% were in graduate programs
Higher education (youth and adults)
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Some improvement among groups targeted for solutions
– Single long-term homeless adults
– Veterans
Children are able to get to and stay in school
Solutions address systems, not just individuals
What gives us hope?
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