wiles illuminating new medicines rsnz 2015
TRANSCRIPT
Siouxsie Wiles PhD
Nuria AndreuBrian RobertsonPaul ElkingtonTaryn FletcherNitya KrishnanShiranee SriskandanFaraz Alam
Andrea ZelmerUlrich SchaibleGreg BancroftSimon SwiftBrent CoppBill DennyBrian PalmerPhil CrosierDavid JenkinsJohn FraserKate HannahRichard EastherShaun HendyJim Metson
Jimmy DaltonBenedict UyHannah ReadZakieh Vahdati
Bevan WeirPeter Buchanan
Part I
Superbugs(AKA the microbial apocalypse)
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the end of modern medicine as we know itMargaret Chan, Director GeneralWorld Health Organisation
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Part II
Living Light
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Angels Glow
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Part III
Illuminating new medicines
lux
operon
C
D
A
B
E
R
T
S
R
T
S
-
Fatty Acid
(RCOOH)
Aldehyde
(RHO)
?
?
?
?
Luciferase
FMNH
FMN
NAD(P)
NAD(P)H
H
+
Flavin
oxidoreductase
Light
(490nm)
O
2
H
2
O
lux
operon
C
D
A
B
E
R
T
S
R
T
S
-
Fatty Acid
(RCOOH)
Aldehyde
(RHO)
?
?
?
?
Luciferase
FMNH
2
FMN
NAD(P)
H
+
Flavin
oxidoreductase
Light
(490nm)
O
2
H
2
O
lux
operon
C
D
A
B
E
R
T
S
R
T
S
R
T
S
Fatty acid reductase complex-
Fatty Acid
(RCOOH)
Aldehyde
(RHO)
?
?
Luciferase
FMNH
FMN
NAD(P)
H
+
Flavin
oxidoreductase
Light
(490nm)
O
2
H
2
O
Bioluminescence:a simple chemical reaction
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Measuring bacteria with lightBacterial numbersLight levels
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14
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Where are the bacteria?
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Day 1(10 min exp)
Day 3(5 min exp)
Day 6(1 min exp)
Day 8(1 min exp)
Day 10(1 min exp)
Day 14(1 min exp)103106103
Photons sec-1 cm -2 sr-1Watching bacteria in real timeWiles et al (2006). Infection and Immunity 74:5391-5396.
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10101081061021040510152025Time (days)Number of bacteria(colony forming units per gram tissue)
=Reducing animal useWiles et al (2004). Cellular Microbiology 6:963-972.
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=
Dennis et al (2008). Infection and Immunity. 76:4978-4988Reducing animal useTime (days)
Bioluminescence
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Part IV
Tuberculosis(AKA the Captain of Death)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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TB in New Zealand626 cases of TB reported in 2011
308 = infectious
318 = latent infection
54.2% in the Auckland region
Recent NZ Herald article placed the costs of treating multi-drug resistant TB at NZ$10,000 per month
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Andreu N, et al (2013). J Antimicrob Chemother. 68(9):2118-27.
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Fish-fanciers finger!
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Zebrafish for TB research
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Zebrafish for TB research
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Light levelsTime (days)A*B*CD*E*0303030303030303
UntreatedF*Rif*No activity in vitroZebrafish for TB research
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Part V
Want to help?
NZ Fungi as a source of new antibiotics?
Image credit: Landcare Research
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www.givingtoauckland.org.nz/fungi
Biolumination II
www.redbubble.com/people/siouxsiewShop with us!
[email protected]/user/Skeptimoo
www.sciblogs.co.nz/infectious-thoughts/
www.superbugslab.org
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