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Wilhelm Wilhelm Conrad Conrad Roentgen Roentgen 1845-1923 His X-rays changed medicine & technology

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Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen. 1845-1923 His X-rays changed medicine & technology. The First X-ray picture. Structure. Biography X-rays Domains Historical events Interview with Roentgen. Biography. Youth Study Work area. 27th March 1845: Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen was - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Wilhelm  Conrad  Roentgen

WilhelmWilhelm Conrad Conrad RoentgenRoentgen

1845-1923

His X-rays changed medicine & technology

Page 2: Wilhelm  Conrad  Roentgen

StructureStructure

BiographyBiographyX-raysX-raysDomainsDomainsHistorical eventsHistorical eventsInterview with RoentgenInterview with Roentgen

The First X-ray picture

Page 3: Wilhelm  Conrad  Roentgen

BiographyBiographyYouthYouthStudyStudyWork areaWork area

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YouthYouth27th March 1845:

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen was born in Lennep (Remscheid)

1861-1863:He visited the technical school in Utrecht;

He left without school leaving examination

Page 5: Wilhelm  Conrad  Roentgen

StudyStudy1865-1868: Entrance exam instead of school leaving examination; Study of mechanical engineering in Zurich1868: Diploma as a mechanical engineer; After that: study of physics

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Work areaWork area

Roentgen‘s labour

1870: Publication of „Annalen of Physics and Chemistry“8th November 1895: Roentgen discovered the X-rays22nd November 1895: First X-ray pictures28th December 1895: Manuscript „A new kind of rays“ ("Eine neue Art von Strahlen"); Roentgen pointed to the medicine use at the publication; The deadly side effects of the X-rays were unknown for a long time1st April 1900: Roentgen got the professorship at University Munich 10th December 1901: Awarding of the Nobel Prize of Physics1st April 1920: Roentgen was retired in Munich10th February 1923: Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen died in Munich

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The X-RAYSThe X-RAYS

Pure researchPure researchThe „X-rays“The „X-rays“Applications & propertyApplications & property

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Pure researchPure research

1. Closed glass flask2. Tension source (a battery wouldn't produce enough tension,

so a spark inductor was used)3. Anode4. Cathode 5. Bright ray

At the end of the 19th century many physicist worked on the„Cathode ray tube“ that is built like this:

The air is pumped out as much aspossible of a closed glass flask withthe help of a vacuum pump.The tension source conducts the tensionin the discharge tube: the positive chargeto the anode and the negative one to thecathode. A tension between the anode andthe cathode originates, so you can see abright ray.

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The „X-rays“The „X-rays“

InfraredUltra-violet

On 8th November 1895 Roentgen carried out the experiment with a charge. He covered the discharge tube completely with black paper, and light couldn't get out of the tube. Next to the building he put up a screen with a special mass that lighted up when it was illuminated. The screen lighted up, although light couldn't get out of the discharge tube through the black paper. Because of different reasons the rays couldn't be cathode rays. He took the screen and carried it to the tube. After that the light became stronger and the bones of his fingers appeared on the screen. So the rays came through the human body. Roentgen called them X-rays.

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Glass flask

Black paper

X-rays

Visible beams of light

Screen

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Applications & PropertyApplications & Property

Application Property

• in medicine• in metallurgy• in technology • in chemical Fundamental research (very important)

• invisible for human eyes• ionisers air, gas and light molecules• carcinogenic• short wave light

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DomainsDomainsUniversities Roentgen's work

ZurichDoctorate of physics at University Zurich

Strasbourg Habilitation at University Strasbourg

HohenheimProfessorship in Physics andMathematic at agriculturalAcademy Hohenheim

Giessen Vocation to Giessen as professor

Wuerzburg

Vocation for an ordination inWuerzburg; Election as avice-chancellor atUniversity Wuerzburg

Munich Roentgen got the professorshipat University Munich

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Historical events during Historical events during his lifetimehis lifetime

1870's1870's1880's1880's1890's1890's1900's1900's1910's1910's

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1870's1870's1870–1872: German-French War 18th January 1871: Foundation of the German Reich 1873: Three-Emperor-Agreement (Germany, Austria, Russia) in Berlin was signed 1878: Otto von Bismarck's law against social democracy1879: Alliance between Germany and Austria

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1880's & 1890’s1880's & 1890’s1882: Italy became part of the alliance between Germany and Austria (till 1914/15) 1881-1889: Installation of Bismarck's social laws in Germany: Health insurance, accident insurance and pension insurance scheme 25th January 1890: The German sovereign assembly declined the bill of the government about the prolongation of the socialist law for an indefinite period1st April 1892: Installation of the Central European Time as standardized time for the entire Germany5th December 1894: Emperor Wilhelm II. opened the German sovereign assembly building in Berlin

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1900's & 1910’s1900's & 1910’s8. April 1904: Entente Cordinale (Alliance between Great Britain and France to solve a conflict of interests)14. Dezember 1911: First person reached the South Pole1912: Maiden voyage and sinking of the Titanic 1914-1918: First World War1918: November Revolution in Germany1919: Foundation of the Weimarer Republic

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Interview with Interview with RoentgenRoentgen

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References: Google: WIKIPEDIA; ROENTGEN BIOGRAPHY; PHYSICS FOR KIDS; Book: MENSCHEN DIE DIE WELT VERÄNDERTENMade by: Julia Habelmann

Sarah Schäfer Mira Siedentop