wilson & the peace treaty notes 21
TRANSCRIPT
Treaty of Versailles
Ch 16.3(.4 is not on test)#21
Jan 8,1918 – Wilson presents Congress with his plan for peace (Fourteen Points)
Nov 3, 1918 – Republicans win congressional elections in U.S.
- Wilson loses credibility with Europe's Leaders The Kaiser abdicates Throne / Republic Formed Nov 11, 1918- Armistice Day (veteran’s day)
- GR. Signs in part because of Wilson’s 14 pts. Dec. 12, 1918 – Wilson arrives in Paris as a Hero
Lawrence of Arabia and representatives from over 30 nations attended
Lawrence of Arabia and representatives from over 30 nations attended
Star of the Show Greeted by Europeans
as a Savior GR. Signed Armistice
in part because of 14 pts
Creel had 60 million leaflets dropped from planes over GR.
Freedom of Ocean Travel No more Secret Alliances Arms Reductions Equality of Trade Barriers “Free Trade” Self Determination for Poland
“League of Nations” – 14th Pt.
- mediating body- rep. from every nation- provide security for each country
The “Big Four”1) France2) Britain3) Italy4) United States
They shaped the final agreement
Germany & Russia were not allowed to attend
Lenin had to get Russia out of the war so he could concentrate on problems at Home…
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany, giving them much territory, pop., resources
Civil War, 1917-1920
“Reds” versus “Whites” Complete breakdown of
Russian economy and society
Roadblocks Appear European leaders
wish to punish & humiliate Germany for starting the War
U.S. overall role inwar was questioned
Most of the 14 pts were shot down by Allies Gives up on the rest to save the 14th pt.
- League of Nations June 28, 1919 – Treaty is Signed
- by Germany Too – Why did they Sign? July, 1919 – Wilson heads back to U.S. to
convince our
Senate to Ratify
Alsace & Lorraine (industrial region) would return to Fr.
New Countries Created –CZ/Yugo/Poland GR - Stripped of Overseas Colonies GR – Forced to accept full responsibility for
starting the War (pay millions in Reparations)
“Blank Check” League of Nations was created
German Territorial Losses: 1919-1921
1) Irreconcilables
Progressive Republicans Wanted to focus
attention on problems at home instead of Europe
2) Reservationists
Article 10 of Treaty Could put U.S. into
war to preserve another nations independence
Who should declare war?-Congress or League
Whistle-stop cross country train tour He is wore down and exhausted Sept. 25, 1919 – Suffers a stroke
-incapacitated Oct. 1919 – Senate Rejects the Treaty
**U.S. never signs the treaty ending WWI**The U.S. will NOT Join the League of
NationsIsolationism v Interventionism
Nov. 1920 – Harding(R) elected Pres. Feb. 3, 1924 – Wilson Dies / Broken & Defeated