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Mobile Broadband Communications

(WiMAX & LTE)

Teaching By

Asst.Prof.Dr. Suwat Pattaramalai

[email protected]

Tel. 02-470-9079

WiMAX FORUM

3GPP

Mobile Broadband Communications

• Contents– Part I Fundamentals of Wireless Communication and IP Networking

• Introduction to Mobile Broadband

• Basics of Cellular Communication

• Basics of All-IP Networking

– Part II Theory of OFDMA and MIMO

• Principles of OFDM

• Principles of OFDMA

• Multiple Antenna System

• SC-FDMA

– Part III Applications of IP-OFDMA

• WiMAX Physical, MAC, and Network Layers

• Long-Term Evolution of 3GPP

• Ultra Mobile Broadband of 3GPP2

• Drivers of Convergenct

Part I Fundamentals of Wireless Communication and IP Networking




– Introduction

– Before 3G and Broadband

• Cellular Communication

• Broadband and WLAN/WiFi

– 3G and Broadband Wireless

• The 3GPP Family

• The 3GPP2 Family

• Broadband Wireless Access

– Mobile WiMAX and 4G

– Key Features

– Mobile Broadband Market

– Summary


• Introduction to Mobile Broadband– Evolution of wireless technology

• 1G Basic mobile voice (lacked uniform standardization)

• 2G Capacity and coverage (different frequency allocation US&Europe)

• 3G higher data speed

• 4G Truly Mobile broadband experience

• Broadband: – high speed Internet (data, voice, and video)

– IP-based network

• Mobile broadband– WiMAX, LTE (Long Term Evolution), UMB (Ultra Mobile

Broadband)

– Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), WiMAX Forum

• 4G definition– Data rate 100Mbps for high mobility (mobile access) and 1 Gbps

for low mobility (nomadic/local access)

Note: 1Gbps can be reached by using larger antenna arrays and with frequency bands above 100MHz


• Introduction to Mobile Broadband– Before 3G and Broadband

• Cellular Communication – Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) in 1980s: analog FDMA-based system

for voice through 30 kHz FM modulated channels

– Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) in Europe: digital communication TDMA&slow frequency hopping for voice

– Interim Standard-136 (IS-136): TDMA&FDMA, PSK modulation

– cdmaOne IS-95: direct-sequence CDMA, PSK modulation, coding

– General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) peak data rate 140kbps

– Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) up to 384kbps with adaptive modulation and coding (AMC)


– Digital Subscriber Line (DSL): Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), sDSL, ADSL 60% of all (Download 8Mbps), ADSL2plus (up to 24Mbps)

– For Internet connection, Internet Protocol Television (IPTV)

– Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS): cable modem

– CableLabs: PacketCable built over DOCSIS for real-time multimedia, IP telephony, Video on Demand (VoD), HDTV

– Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH), fiber-to-the-node (FTTN), fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC), hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC)


• Introduction to Mobile Broadband– Before 3G and Broadband


– Wireless Local Area Networking (WLAN): limited mobility, small range, nomadic users, ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) band at 900MHz, 2.4GHz, and 5.8GHz, U-NII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure) band at 5GHz

– IEEE 802.11 framework

» 802.11b at 2.4GHz 83.5MHz spectrum 11Mbps

» 802.11a at 5GHz 300MHz spectrum OFDM 54Mbps

» 802.11g at 2.4GHz 300MHz spectrum OFDM 54Mbps

» 802.11e addressed QoS

» 802.11n accommodate MIMO with OFDM

– HiPERLAN (High Performance Radio LAN) in Europe, as IEEE802.11a

– Wi-Fi alliance: nonprofit industry association

– “last feet” broadband connectivity

– 3G and Broadband Wireless: mobility and high speed data rate• The 3GPP Family

– Universal Mobile Telecommunication (UMTS): based on Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) in 2000 offer 5MHz bandwidth


• Introduction to Mobile Broadband– 3G and Broadband Wireless

• The 3GPP Family– High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA): IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)

and IP UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) in 2005, Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) and combination of HSDPA and HSUPA to HSPA

– Rel-7 MIMO, flat-IP based BTS, GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP) for connect packet switched network to radio access network to be HSPA+ with 64QAM with MIMO, Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC) for data users to synchronized and power control

– HSPA+ integrated the RNC (Radio Network Controller) to NodeB (base station)

• The 3GPP2 Family– EV-DO (Evolution-Data Optimized) series of CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1xEV-DO

in 2001 as IMT2000 as CDMA2000 High Rate Packet Data (HRPD), the first mobile broadband deployed. Rel-0 provide 2.4Mbps in forward link (FL) and 153kbps in reverse link (RL) with 1.25MHz FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing) carrier, commercial average throughput 300-700kbps in FL and 70-90kbps in RL, support IP-based network connectivity, using Adaptive Modulation and Coding and Hybrid-ARQ

– CDMA2000 1xEV-DO rev-A, delay sensitive, real-time, OFDM for multicasting, All-IP based, VoIP, peak rate 3.1Mbps (800k) in FL and 1.8Mbps (400k) in RL

– Rev-B, multiple channels, 15ch 20MHz 46.6Mbps FL and 27Mbps RL


• Introduction to Mobile Broadband– 3G and Broadband Wireless

• Broadband Wireless Access (BWA)– Fixed WiMAX, Local Multipoint Distribution Systems (LMDS) alternative to

fiber and cable using 28 & 31GHz LOS (line-of-sight), Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Systems (MMDS or Wireless Cable) at 2.5GHz DOCSIS+ LOS

– IEEE802.16 for Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (Wireless MAN) and HiPERMAN (High Performance Radio Metropolitan Area Network) by ETSI: LMDS at 10-66GHz LOS and non-LOS (NLOS) at 2-11GHz

– IEEE802.16a 2003, single-carrier, OFDM and OFDMA for fixed NLOS

– IEEE802.16-2004 for fixed WiMAX, IEEE802.16e-2005 for mobile WiMAX

– WiMAX forum, end-to-end standard for fixed and mobile WiMAX

••


• Introduction to Mobile Broadband– Mobile WiMAX and 4G

• OFDMA provides higher rate, Quality of Service (QoS), Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC), Hybrid-ARQ, fast scheduling, and bandwidth efficient handover, currently TDD (Time Division Duplexing) at 2.5 GHz, tolerance to multipath and self-interference, Frequency selective scheduling and fractional frequency reuse, MIMO, high bandwidth efficiency

• WiMAX, LTE, UMB are based on OFDMA and IP services

•


• Introduction to Mobile Broadband– Key Features

–

–



– Mobile Broadband Market

• Higher data rate and higher spectral efficiency for data services

• Broadband data services increase ARPU (Average Revenue Per User) such as mobile content, entertainment, advertising, MMS, video, etc.

• Mobile Broadband is an alternative connection besides ADSL and Cable connection

• User friendly handsets and applications, mobile music, multimedia messaging, gambling, and mobile TV

• IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a key role for mobile broadband

• WiMAX, LTE, UMB, CDMA2000, WLAN/WiFi, cable, xDSL, etc.


• Introduction to Mobile Broadband– Summary

••

•


• Basics of Cellular Communication


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Cellular Concept

• Handover

• Cellular Deployment

– Spectral Efficiency

– Digital Communication• Source Coding, Channel Coding, Error Detection Coding, Forward Error

Correction, Hard and Soft Decision Decoding, Puncturing, Hybrid ARQ, Interleaving, Encryption and Authentication, Digital Modulation

– Wireless Channel• Pathloss, Shadowing, Fading, Delay Spread, Coherence Bandwidth, Doppler

Spread, Coherence Time, Channel Models

– Diversity Techniques

– Multiple Access Schemes

– OFDMA

– Duplexing: TDD, H/FDD Architectures

– Wireless Backhauling

– Summary



–



• Handover

•



• Cellular Deployment

•


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Spectral Efficiency

–


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Digital Communication

• Source Coding



• Source Coding

•



• Channel Coding

•



• Error Detection Coding

•



• Puncturing :remove some parity bits to increase the coding rate’

• Hybrid ARQ

•



•



• Encryption and Authentication

• Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)

•



• Digital Modulation

•


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Wireless Channel

–



• Pathloss

–



• Pathloss : Hata-Okumura Model

–



• Pathloss

–



• Pathloss: Erceg Model

–



• Pathloss

–



• Shadowing

–



• Fading

–



• Doppler Shift

–



• Delay Spread

–



• Fading

–



• Delay Spread, Coherence Bandwidth, Doppler Spread, Coherence Time

–


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Wireless Channel: Channel Model

–


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Wireless Channel: Channel Model

• Standford University Interim (SUI) Channel Model

–


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Wireless Channel: ITU Channel Model

–


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Diversity Techniques

–


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Multiple Access Schemes

–


• Basics of Cellular Communication– OFDMA

–


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Duplexing: TDD, H/FDD Architectures

–


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Wireless Backhauling

–


• Basics of Cellular Communication– Summary

• Wireless Cellular System: coverage area, reusing the same frequency by Cell splitting, Micro/Macro Cell, Sectorization, Femtocells and picocells, and Multi-antenna Systems

• Digital communication: source and channel coding, error detection and error correction, puncturing, interleaving and modulation, HARQ

• Wireless Channel: diffraction, scattering, reflection cause statistical parameters: Delay spread, Coherence bandwidth, Doppler spread, Coherence time, Flat and frequency selective fading, Slow and fast fading

• Medium access techniques: TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, Random access, OFDMA

• Wireless Backhauling


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