wind: caused by uneven heating of the earth’s surface -uneven heating causes differences in air...
TRANSCRIPT
WIND: CAUSED BY UNEVEN HEATING OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE
-UNEVEN HEATING CAUSES DIFFERENCES IN AIR PRESSURE TO DEVELOP
-WIND BLOWS FROM AREAS OF HIGH PRESSURE TO AREAS OF LOW PRESSURE-WIND BLOWS FASTEST WHERE AIR PRESSURE CHANGES THE QUICKEST.
SEA BREEZES:
-ON A HOT SUMMER DAY,THE LAND HEATS QUICKER THAN THE OCEAN CAUSING LOW PRESSURE OVER THE LAND.
-THE RESULT IS A COOL BREEZE BLOWING IN OFF THE WATER BECAUSE THE WATER HAS THE HIGHER PRESSURE
OCCUR DURING THE DAY
LAND BREEZES:OCCUR AT NIGHT
-AT NIGHT LAND COOLS QUICKER THAN THE OCEAN
-THE AIR OVER THE WATER IS WARMER THAN THE AIR OVER THE LAND
-LOW PRESSURE DEVELOPS OVER THE WATER
-BREEZE BLOWS FROM THE LAND TO THE WATER
ANEMOMETER:MEASURES WIND SPEED
*TO MEASURE WINDS, YOU NEED WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION*
WIND VANE:
-MEASURES WIND DIRECTION
-IT IS BUILT TO POINT IN THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
*WINDS ARE NAMED BY THE DIRECTION FROM WHICH THEY COME
CORIOLIS EFFECT:-OCCURS BECAUSE THE EARTH SPINS
-IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE, WINDS CURVE TO THE RIGHT OF THEIR ORIGINAL PATH
-IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE, WINDS CURVE TO THE LEFT OF THEIR ORIGINAL PATH
-CAUSES OCEAN CURRENTS TO CURVE AS WELL. “SURFACE OCEAN CURRENTS”
*WATER MOLECULES COLLECT ON “CONDENSATION NUCLEI”, TINY PARTICLES OF DUST AND DIRT
*CLOUDS FORM WHEN RISING AIR IS COOLED BELOW ITS DEW- POINT
WHEN DROPLETS BECOME BIG ENOUGH, THEY FALL OUT OF THE SKY AS PRECIPITATION
WHEN WE SEE A CLOUD WE ARE NOT LOOKING AT WATER VAPOR(GAS). GAS IS INVISIBLE
*AIR CAN RISE FOR A COUPLE OF REASONS
1) LOW DENSITY DUE TO HIGH TEMPERATURE AND/OR HUMIDITY
2) MOVING MASS OF AIR HITS A MOUNTAIN
3) IF COLD AIR AND WARM AIR CRASH TOGETHER, THE COOL AIR SQUEEZES UNDER THE WARM AIR AND FORCES THE WARM AIR TO RISE AND COOL
1ST) THINK ABOUT A BICYCLE PUMP-IT TAKES ENERGY TO COMPRESS
THE PUMP AND THAT ENERGY CHANGES TO HEAT AND MAKES THE PUMP WARM
2ND) THE OPPOSITE OCCURS AS AIR RISES IN THE ATMOSPHERE
-RISING AIR EXPANDS DUE TO DECREASING PRESSURE
-JUST AS COMPRESSION WARMS A GAS, EXPANSION OF RISING AIR CAUSES IT TO BECOME COOLER
-CLOUD DROPLETS MUST JOIN TOGETHER TO BECOME LARGE ENOUGH TO FALL THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE
-MOST PRECIPITATION BEGINS AS SNOW HIGH IN THE ATMOSPHERE
-ONCE SNOW MELTS IT CANNOT TURN BACK INTO SNOW