wind turbine taskforce: update and lessons learned from zambia test deployment
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Wind Turbine Taskforce: Update and Lessons Learned from Zambia Test Deployment. Engineers without Borders Chapter Meeting 21 September 2011 Seattle, WA Henry Louie * , Steve Szablya * , Vincent Van Acker ** *Seattle University, ** Alstom Grid. Chikuni Jesuit Mission. Goal. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Wind Turbine Taskforce: Update and Lessons Learned from Zambia Test Deployment
Engineers without Borders Chapter Meeting21 September 2011
Seattle, WAHenry Louie*, Steve Szablya*, Vincent Van Acker**
*Seattle University, **Alstom Grid
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Dr. Henry Louie
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Chikuni Jesuit Mission
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Goal
Determine technical and economic feasibility of using wind power for rural electrification of impoverished communities
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Funding Sources
• SU Global Grant: $9,524• SU Endowed Mission Fund: $6,000• Community Solutions Initiative: $3,000• Professionals without Boundaries: $3,000
Total Funding: $21,524
Dr. Henry Louie
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Approach• Assemble volunteer team
Industry, academia, students • Start with existing Do-It-Yourself wind turbine
design• Build prototypes in Seattle• Assess feasibility and field test in rural
community• Redesign, refine and retest
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Case Study: Zambia +12 million people
• 25% have electricity• per capital energy use: 3.3% of USA
+8 million live in rural communities 50% of rural population have electronic devices
• 4% have access to electricity
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Case Study: Zambia
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Dr. Henry Louie
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N
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Dr. Henry Louie
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rotors
stator
hub
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Field Testing
• On-site in Chikuni, Zambia• Work with Jesuit Mission• Bring generator parts• Build tower and wind turbine blades
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ZAMBIA
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Dr. Henry Louie
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Wind Speed Measurements• Near continuous
readings from 8am to 6pm for 2 days
• Did not record during evening Safety Generally low wind
speed• July/August: highest
wind speeds
18
anemometer
100
inch
es
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Dr. Henry Louie
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X Chikuni
Lusaka
Livingstone
230 miles
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X450 ft
Wind turbine location
Prevailing Wind
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Wind Speed Measurements
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0 5 10 15 20 250
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
instantaneous wind speed (mph)
occu
rrenc
esInstantaneous Values
Very highwind speeds!
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Dr. Henry Louie
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100 inches
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Dr. Henry Louie
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4 foot blades vs. 5 foot blades
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312
pAP C v
5 ft
4 ft
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Dr. Henry Louie
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Generator
Blades
Hub
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Dr. Henry Louie
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Generator assembly
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cows
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Furled Position Facing into the Wind
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Performance Data
• Idle Speed: 11 mph• Cut-in (battery charging): 15 mph• Max RPM tested: 330 • Maximum instantaneous power output: 75 W• Continuous power output: 5 W• Blades were wrong size for generator
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The Market for Electricity• Cell Phone Charging:
With charger: 1000 Kwacha (US$ 0.20) With shop charger: 1500 Kwacha (US$ 0.30)
• Car Battery Charging: 2500 Kwacha (US$ 0.50) Charged overnight
• LI cellular phone battery capacity: 5 Wh Cost per Wh: US$ 0.04
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Back-of-envelope calculation:• Village size: 1000 people• Percent with cellular phones: 15• Charge Frequency: 1/week• Charges per day: 21• Energy required: 105 Wh per day• Wind turbine capacity factor: 15%• Wind turbine size: 30 W• Income: US$4.20/day• Payback time on $500 investment: 120 days
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700W Wind Turbine Costs• Pipe: $78• Wood: $13• Wire: $0.32/m x 250m = $80 • Magnets*: 24 x $15 = $360 • Resin*: $80 • Hardware*: $130• Rectifier*: $7• Battery: $125• Metal Parts*: $450• Electrical*: $20
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* Price in the U.S.
Total: US $1343
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Cost Considerations
• Does not include tools, labor• Price of rare earth magnets increasing and
volatile• Resins, magnets not easy to find• Too big, expensive• Micro loans generally are $500 or less
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Lessons Learned• Very location dependent
Best energy source Prices/availability Expertise Economics Tower
• Most components can be found locally, prices are usually more expensive than in U.S.
• Feasibility of blade and tower construction
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Future Plans• Design 100 W wind turbine• Engineer safe, secure tower solution• Work with local community• Promote as a business opportunity
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0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00Time [ms]
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
Y1
[V]
0.00
25.00
50.00
75.00
100.00
125.00
Mov
ing1
.Pos
ition
[deg
]
Maxwell3DDesign2XY Plot 1 ANSOFT
Curve Info Y Axis
Moving1.Position Moving1.Position
InducedVoltage(A_Phase) Y1
InducedVoltage(B_Phase) Y1
InducedVoltage(C_Phase) Y1
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Acknowledgements• Fr. Bert Otten, S.J.• Steve Szablya, PE• Carmen Cejudo• Dino Go• Ayesha Pirbhai• Josh Peavler• Karim Farraj• Byron Lynch
Dr. Henry Louie
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Questions?45
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Learn More
• Become involved! Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
• http://communitysolutionsinitiative.org/
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S C I E N C E A N DE N G I N E E R I N G
Henry Louie, PhDAssistant Professor
Department of Electrical andComputer Engineering901 12th Avenue, Bannan 219P.O. Box 222000Seattle, WA 98122-1090www.seattleu.edu
Tel: (206) 398-4619Fax: (206) [email protected]
COLLEGE OF
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Videos• Raising The Turbine in Chikuni, Zambia(255.5M)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qOQk6gl7O8 • Wind Turbine and Electrical Setup in Chikuni, Zambia(27.1M)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EO38Mo_WJdk • The Wind Turbine Spinning in Chikuni, Zambia(57.87M)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQ9U7uz8onk • Electric Braking During High Speed Operation in Chikuni, Zambia(59.45M)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=faBwLgE4NE0 • Alternate View of the Turbine Configuration from the bottom of Dam in
Chikuni, Zambia(53.72M)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qv4B7zy08w
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