window presentation

8/8/2019 Window Presentation

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BUILDING TECHNOLOGY(CE1303):

WINDOWLECTURER : MADAM FATIN

PREPARED BY :FAROUQ RASSANY

MOHD RIZAL ISKANDAR RAMLI


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INTRODUCTIONy The word window originates from the Old

Norse vindauga means winds eye.

y Window is first recorded in the early 13th century

y A window is a transparent opening in a wall or doorthat allows the passage of light and, if not closed orsealed, air and sound.

y Windows are usually glazed or covered in some other

transparent or translucent material like a float glass.y Windows are held in place by frames, which prevent

them from collapsing in.


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TYPES OF WINDOWSy The "eyes" of the home, windows bring in

light, create spaciousness, provideventilation, and give access to a view of

the outdoors.

y The most famous types of window isdouble hung sash , side hung, top hung,

bottom hung, vertical pivot, horizontalpivot, horizontal sliding sash andlouvered, single hung, fixed, bay, thermal,oriel, skylight.


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1.FIXED WINDOWS

y A window that cannot beopened, whose function islimited to allowing light to enter(Unlike an unfixed window,

which can open and close).

y Clerestory windows are oftenfixed. Transom windows may befixed or operable


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2.Sky Light Windowy A flat or slope window

used for daylighting, built

into a roof structure that isout of reach.

y It will give more light tothe inner of building thatuse this type of window.


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3.Oriel Windowy A window with many panels.It is most often seen in Tudor-style houses and monasteries.

y An oriel window projectsfrom the wall and does notextend to the ground.

y Oriel windows originated as aform of porch. They are oftensupported by brackets orcorbels.

y Buildings in the GothicRevival style often have orielwindows.


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4.Louvre Windowy Louvre are made of glass slats set inmetal clips that can be opened andclosed in unison.

y

Also called a jalousie window, a jalousieis made like a glass shutter

y This type of window is can be opened bydegrees to control how much air or lightpasses through.

y Louvre windows are best suited for areaswith year-round comfortable climates.They help cool a home, but areimpossible to seal, making it difficult tokeep heat and A/C air inside and

extreme weather out.


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5.Bay Windowy Bay windows create an open, peaceful

feel indoors. Their multiple views allowlight to stream in from different angles.

y Plus, the sides of the window can beopened for air circulation. Bay windowsdress up any home with uniqueness andstyle.

y Replacing a flat window with a bay can

completely change the amount of lightthat room receives. They're primarilyused for kitchens, but can also addcharacter to family rooms and masterbedrooms.


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6.Thermal Windowsy Thermal, or Diocletian, windows

are large semicircular windows(or niches) which are usuallydivided into three lights(window compartments) by two

vertical mullions.

y The central compartment isoften wider than the two sidelights on either side of it.


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7.Clerestory Windowy A window set in

a roof structure or high in awall, used for daylighting.

y The purpose of theclerestory is to give light tothe inner space of a large

building.

y Usually use in largebuilding such as church.


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8.Single-Hung Sash Windowy The window panels open

by sliding up and down

in vertical grooves,possibly aided by asystem of cords andbalanced weights.

y One sash is movable

(usually the bottom one)and the other fixed. Thisis the earlier form of sliding sash window, andis also cheaper.


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9.HOPPER WINDOWy These popular windows are most ofteninstalled in basements. The hopperwindow is basically a casement windowflipped on its side.

y

The entire pane tilts inward to open,allowing for maximum ventilation.Hopper windows can make privacy andhome decor an issue. Because they tiltinto the room, blinds, shades and other

window dressings are difficult to use inconjunction with hopper windows.

y Their tilt designs also makes them apoor choice for ventilation on a rainyday; water will drip right into the room.


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y The other types of window is :

i- Double-hung sash windowThis window have two parts (sashes) that overlap slightly and slide up and down

inside the frame

ii- Horizontal sliding sash window

Has two or more sashes that overlap slightly but slide horizontally within the frame

iii- Awning window

A window consisting of a number of top-hinged horizontal sashes one abovethe other, the bottom edges of which swing outward; operated by one control

device.

iv- Casement windowA window with a hinged sash that swings in or out like a door comprising either a

side-hung, top-hung or bottom hung or combination of of these types.

v - Stained glass windowA window composed of pieces of colored glass, transparent or opaque, frequentlyportraying persons or scenes


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Awning Window Stained glasswindow

Casement window

Double-hung

sash window

Horizontal sliding

sash window


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Glazing Windowsy Are used for insulation, which means the window consists

of two or more panes of glass sealed along the edges with aspace between them to resist heat flow. The space between

panes can contain air or gas.

y Finally, the solar heat gain coefficient, or SHGC, is theamount of solar radiation transmitted through the windowand released into the home. A low (SHGC) provides more

shading, while a high SHGC allows more heat to passthrough.


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HOW TO MEASURE

WINDOWS HEIGHTyWidth: Measure at the

top, middle, and bottom

and use the smallestdimension.

y Height: Measure at theleft, middle, and right

and use the smallestdimension.


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Quality Standard For Window

By Construction Industry Standard (CIS 7 :2006)WINDOW

Element Standard Tolerance Assessment ToolsJoint & Gap Consistent gap between window leaf and frame

No visible gap between window frame and wall Neat joint between window frame and wallinternally and externally

= 5mm CaliperVisualVisual

Alignment &Evenness

Parallel with wall opening Window frame to be plumb and square

Window leaf and frame cornermaintained at right angle

=4 mm per300 mm

VisualSpirit level and L-square

or alignment laserL-square andsteel rule

Material & Damages No stain mark & visible damage / defect Louvered window with glass panels of correctlength. Glazing clean and evenly sealed with putty or

gasket for aluminum windows No sign of corrosion Good paintwork

VisualVisual

Visual

VisualVisual

Functionality Ease of opening and closingNo squeaky sound during opening and closing Tested 5 times

continuously

PhysicalPhysical

Accessories Defect Lock sets with good fit and aligned

No sign of corrosion No missing or defective accessories

Visual

VisualVisual


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SUMMARYy Normally, window is chosen by client or depend on

building. For example, louvered window did not suitable

for a sky high building or modern building such as KLCC.y Windows not only made a building look more attractive

but it also important for ventilation and daylighting in abuilding.

y However, windows also represent a major source ofunwanted heat loss, discomfort, and condensationproblems but thanks to the latest technology, window nowhave lower heat loss, less air leakage, and warmer windowsurfaces that improve comfort and minimize condensation.


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Referencey http://www.doorandwindow.com/windows/installatio

n/measuring-windows.php

y

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window#Window_construction

y Construction Industry Standards (CIS 7 : 2006)

y http://www.wbdg.org/resources/windows.php

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