windows 2012 r2 multi server management

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• Windows Server 2012• Windows 8• System Center 2012

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• Windows Azure• Security• SQL Server 2012• And more

Students registered 1.2MSelf-assessments passed 1.3MHours of training delivered 1.2M

What

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Covered Products/Technology

Introduction to Windows 2012 R2Multi-Server Management

• Overview• Server Manager / RSAT tools• Full GUI / MinShell / Core interface changes• Windows PowerShell 4.0, ISE and Windows

PowerShell Web Access• Windows Server Update Services (WSUS)

Agenda

Overview

Why do I need Windows Server 2012 R2?

Application owners pressing us for agility and availability, going directly to public clouds.

Protect my existing investments through easy systems integration.

Enable me to build and operate infrastructure efficiently across my customer base.

Provide differentiated services to customers.

IT budgets flat or shrinking even as business expectations increase.

We spent most of our time keeping the lights on, not staffed to take on impactful projects.

Need a solution that works across my diverse data center environments.

Windows PowerShellprovides more features to allow more activities to be automated across the server ecosystem

Windows Management Framework provides a common platform for building automation and integration incorporating Windows PowerShell, WS-Management and WMI

STANDARDS-BASED MANAGEMENT

How does Windows Server 2012 R2 meet my management needs? MULTISERVER

MANAGEMENTUPDATE MANAGEMENT

Server Manager enables a multiserver management experience that builds on the standardized approach to management and Simplify your routine task capabilities

WSUS provides the features that administrators need to manage and distribute updates

Centralized virtualization patching

SIMPLIFY ROUTINE TASKS

Server ModeGUI, minimal shell, core options

INTERFACE OPTIONS

Managing a diverse ecosystem

Methods to manage each device

Number of devices to manage

“The NxM Problem”

IT Pro Tool developer Solution provider

Storage Operating system DevicesDisk Managed

objects

IT Pro

Windows Management FrameworkTool developer Solution provider

DevicesOperating systemStorageDisk Managed

objects

Maximize the value of using the Windows Management Framework

Windows Management Framework

Standard models, protocols, and APIsMaximize the value of using the Windows Management Framework

Standard protocols: WS-Management, REST, HTTP, PSRP

Standard APIs: MI Client, Windows PowerShell, Open Data Protocol (OData)

Standard models: Common Information Model (CIM) schema, Storage Management Initiative Specification (SMI-S)

Windows Management Framework

IT Pro Tool developer Solution provider

DevicesOperating systemStorageDisk Managed

objects

Approach for Windows Server 2012 R2

Management OData ServiceDispatching Layer

Windows PowerShellGeneric

CIM ModuleServiceModule

CIM clientCIM client WS-ManProtocol Handler

Non-WindowsREST clients

CIM ModelDispatching File

CIM servers

• New WMI provider API (MI) with extended Windows PowerShell semantics

• Open Management Infrastructure (OMI) for Linux and UNIX with the same MI provider API

• Full implementation of WS-Man on Windows and Linux/UNIX

• New MI client with integrated Windows PowerShell layer

Open Managment Infrastructure

WS-Management

WS-Manprotocol handler

Windows PowerShell

MI client API

Microsoft .NET MI APINative MI API


Open Management Infrastructure


Any device

Linux/UNIX

MI provider


Windows Management Infrastructure

Windows

MI provider

Classicprovider

Server Manager / RSAT Tools

Easily and quickly see which servers have issues.

• Works over multiple servers.

• Start and stop services.• Add roles.

Create custom groups based on your needs.

Dashboard with overall view of server environment.

Fix issues from Server Manager, no need to open other tools.

Server Manager dashboard customizable.

Server Manager redesign - why should I care?

Actionable

Glance-able

Relevant

InventoryEvents

ServicesPerformance

BPA

REMOTE SERVERS

RolesAll Servers

GROUPS

User Custom

Dashboard

Detail ViewsVIEWS

Server Set

Dashboard Filter

Data Sets+

Query

Data Query

Group Taxonomy

Server Pool

DATA

Server Manager architectureCustomizable

Remote Server Administration Tools (RSAT)• Remotely manage roles and features in…• Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2008 ,or Windows Server 2008 R2

• Downloadable• Run from…

• Windows 8.1, Windows 8• Enabled by default• Accessed from Server Manager, Tools menu

• Windows 7, Windows Vista• Disabled by default• To enable, click Start, click Control Panel, click Programs, and then click Turn Windows features

on or off.

Full GUI / MinShell / Core Interface Changes

Server with a GUI

Minimal Server Interface

Server Core

Interface choices

Classic “Full Server”• Full Metro-style GUI shell• Install Desktop Experience to run Metro-style apps

Full Server without Server Graphical Shell• No Explorer, Internet Explorer or associated files• MMC, Server Manager, and a subset of Control Panel applets

are still installed• Provides many of the benefits of Server Core for those

applications or users that haven’t yet made the transition

Server Core• Can move between Server Core and Full Server by simply

installing or uninstalling components

Configuration levels

• The challenges… • Lowering the attack footprint of the server to the smallest size possible while keeping it fully patched is a

primary responsibility of administrators• Many administrators are uncomfortable with only a minimal command-line interface (Server Core)

• The Windows Server 2012 solution… multiple interface options• Allows administrators to use the same familiar graphical tools to administer the server without using

remote management tools• Removes the overhead of the other operating system elements not needed to perform that task• Does not require a re-installation to modify the level of GUI on a server; modified in the same manner as

any other role or feature• Allows for a single server deployment image

Interface choices - why should I care?

Server Core Minimal Server Interface

Server with a GUI

Desktop Experience

Command Prompt a a a aWindows PowerShell/.NET

a a a a

Server Manager x a a aMMC x a a aControl Panel x x a aCPL Applets x Some a aExplorer Shell x x a aTaskbar x x a aSystem Tray x x a aInternet Explorer x x a aHelp x x a aThemes x x x aStart screen (Metro) x x a aMetro-style apps x x x aMedia Player x x x a

• Server Core now supports more roles and services, including .Net Framework 4.5 and SQL Server 2012

• Firewall-friendly remote management (WinRM) and Windows PowerShell are enabled and installed by default

• Added the ability to easily move between Server Core and MinShell

Microsoft promotes Server Core as the primary server deployment option

• .Net Framework 4.5• Active Directory (AD) • Active Directory Lightweight

Directory Services (ADLDS) • Active Directory Certificate

Services (ADCS)• DHCP Server • DNS Server • File Services • BITS Server • BranchCache • Hyper-V • Internet Information Services (IIS) • Printing Services • Streaming Media Services • iSCSI • Load Balancing • MPIO • qWave • Telnet • Unix Migration • SQL Server 2012

Interface ChoicesServer Core

• Common Dialog box is functional (except networking)• Any UI with dependencies on items implemented as Shell Namespace

Extensions will fail• Certain CPLs are namespace extensions, e.g. Networking

• Internet Explorer is not available when Server Graphical Shell is uninstalled• Links in UI won’t work• Help isn’t available – calls

• Some file associations and protocol handlers broken• http://• file://• *.chm

• Some DLL files not installed• Check for dependencies or delay loads might fail! • DUMPBIN (Windows SDK)• Dependency Walker (http://www.dependencywalker.com, freeware)

• Test your applications on the Minimal Server Interface!• to HTML Help API will return NULL!

Limitations of the MinShell

http://www.dependencywalker.com/

Install-WindowsFeature Server-Gui-Mgmt-Infra

Install-WindowsFeature Server-Gui-Shell

Install-WindowsFeature Desktop-Experience

Uninstall-WindowsFeature Server-GUI-Shell

Uninstall-WindowsFeature Server-GUI-Shell -remove

Enabling/Disabling MinShell

• All roles and features are copied to the Windows side-by-side store (\windows\winsxs) during setup• Uses disk space to store roles and features that may never be installed

• Windows Server 2012 has Features on Demand• Allows an administrator to remove unneeded roles and features• Files for removed roles and features are deleted from the side-by-side store• Can be used to minimize VHD footprint

Reducing the disk footprint

• Server Core installation option is created using Features on Demand• Unsupported roles and features are removed from \windows\winsxs to maintain minimal footprint• Show as Removed in Windows PowerShell

• Show as Payload Removed in Dism.exe

Server Core installation option

• Files for <FeatureName> will be deleted from the \windows\winsxs folder

• Must use Windows PowerShell; remove is not available in Server Manager

• Reinstallation sources• Windows Update• If server has Internet access, it can use WU

• Use the WIM directly• Mount WIM• Can mount the install WIM

• Running server’s \windows\winsxs folder

• Location can be specified via Group Policy• Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > System > “Specify settings for optional component

installation and component repair”

Removing roles and features

Uninstall-WindowsFeature <FeatureName> -Remove

• Server Manager• Windows PowerShell

Reinstalling roles and features

Install-WindowsFeature <FeatureName> -Source <Source>

Windows PowerShell 4.0

• Windows PowerShell is a distributed automation engine with a scripting language and interactive shell(s)• Focuses on the business• Makes change safe through automation• Bridges the gap between operators and developers

• Windows PowerShell 4.0 is available for the following operating systems:• Built-in• Windows Server 2012 R2• Windows 8.1

• Downloadable for• Windows 7 SP1• Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1

What is Windows PowerShell?

Ease of use• Integrated Scripting Environment: IntelliSense,

Code Snippets• Windows PowerShell Web Access

Greater resiliency• Robust session connectivity• Job scheduling• Windows PowerShell workflow

Extensive coverage• Rich management through more than 3000+

cmdlets

Real world scenario• Domain join• System Center integration

Key features


• The challenge…• Reduce errors during configuration changes• Reduce the skill set required for authoring automation of complex solutions• Locate and import the numerous Windows PowerShell modules into each session• Reduce the syntax learning curve, especially for people new to Windows PowerShell• Bridge the gap between operators and developers

• The Windows PowerShell 4.0 solution….• Allows for use of tested scripts, reducing the number of errors that impact production environments• Improves efficiency due to the dramatic increase number of built-in cmdlets• Includes features designed to speed understanding and correct usage of syntax (Show-Command,

Intellisense)• Makes excellent progress toward bridging the gap between operators and developers• Simplifies routine tasks!!

Windows PowerShell 4.0 - Why should I care?

For exampleNew modules for:• AppBackgroundTask• Defender• NetEventPacketCapture• PSDesiredStateConfiguration• SyncShare• WDS• WebApplicationProxy• WindowsSearch• Others

Extensive coverage

• Comprehensive management with more than 3000+ cmdlets in 100+ modules.

• Many new modules that allow the use of Windows PowerShell 4.0 to manage all aspects of the datacenter.


• Get-Help• Provides a progress indicator when searching

• Update-Help• With no parameters, it will use the Internet to update help for each module loaded into the current session• By default, can be used only once per day; override with –Force• Must be part of the Administrators group and Run As Administrator if updating core Windows PowerShell

modules• Can be used to pull updates from the Internet or a local folder or file share

• Save-Help• Downloads the help for modules and saves them to the local file or share• Organized into a single XML file accompanied by several CAB files, one for each language

Windows PowerShell HelpUpdate-Help-Force-Module [module name]-SourcePath-LiteralPath

Ease of Use

• Show-Command cmdlet• New command-line switches• Add-on tools• Help viewer window• Restart Manager and auto-save• Most-recently used list• New editor features• Console pane• Snippets• Intellisense• Supports workflow debugging and

remote script debugging

Windows PowerShell ISE

• Xml syntax coloring• Brace matching• Outline view• Drag & drop editing• Parse error display• Zoom• Rich text copy and paste• Block selection

-NoProfile-help-mta

Ease of Use

• Lets beginners run cmdlets from a dialog box• Running without parameters displays a list

of available cmdlets, functions, aliases and scripts installed on the system

• Can filter by module • Can search by name

Show-Command cmdletEase of Use

Snippets add reusable text to scripts and commands.

Ease of Use

Simplified scripting

• Syntax simplification: Windows PowerShell 4.0 includes simplified, consistent syntax across all cmdlets.

• Simplified scripting through Windows PowerShell ISE:

• Built-in code snippets include templates for functions, parameters, and statements.

• Users do not need to remember the syntax.

Intellisense

• Run Windows PowerShell ISE to execute commands and write, test, and debug scripts in a single Windows-based graphic user interface with multiline editing, tab completion, syntax coloring, and selective execution.

• Context-sensitive command completion for cmdlet and script names, parameter names and enumerated values, and property and method names.

• Show-Command pane for finding and running cmdlets in a dialog box.

Ease of Use

Get-IseSnippetNew-IseSnippet

• Displays code snippets for selected commands• Enabled in ISE by selecting Start Snippets

from the Edit Menu

SnippetsEase of Use

Windows PowerShell Web Access (PSWA)• Manage multiple computers

running Windows by using Windows PowerShell within a browser

• Broad support for popular browsers

• Built for tablets and mobile devices

• Enable through the Add Roles and Features wizard in Server Manager

CorporateNetwork

Server 1

Server 2

Server 3

Web-based console user

Internet

DMZ

Windows PowerShellWeb Access

Gateway

Greater Resiliency

• Allow for reconnection to disconnected remote sessions

Robust sessions

• This example creates a new session on a remote server, stores data in that session, and then disconnects it while leaving the session running. The name of the running session is Server1Session. The local connection variable is $RemoteSession.

• The following commands reconnect to the remote session (in this example, from the server where the session is still running)

↪ Enable-PSRemoting –Force↪ $RemoteSession = New-PSSession –Name Server1Session –ComputerName Server1 ↪ Invoke-Command –Session $RemoteSession –ScriptBlock {$date = Get-Date } ↪ Disconnect-PSSession –session $RemoteSession ↪ Exit

↪ Get-PSSession –ComputerName Localhost↪ $LocalSession = Connect-PSSession –ComputerName localhost –Name Server1Session ↪ Invoke-command –Session $LocalSession –Scriptblock { $date }

Greater Resiliency

03Robust session connectivity with PSWA

CorporateResource

Server 1

Script

1. User connects via the browser through the Windows PowerShell Web Access Gateway to run a script on Server 1.

2. User loses connection to the internet.

3. User reconnects to internet at a later point in time and reconnects to the Windows PowerShell session which is still in a connected state and still running.

Greater Resiliency

Internet

Web-based console user DMZ

Windows PowerShellWeb Access

Gateway

• A set of long-running activities (in sequence or in parallel) that perform complex management tasks, such as multi-machine application provisioning• Typically started from a client computer• Like any other Windows PowerShell command, you can use Get-Command to discover them and Get-

Help to learn how to use them• Authored using a Windows PowerShell script or the Visual Studio Workflow Designer (XAML)• Workflows survive system interruptions (reboots, network problems): suspend-job/ resume-job,

persist state and metadata

WorkflowsSimplify routine tasksGreater Resiliency

↪ Workflow MyWorkflow {Write-Output -InputObject "Hello from Workflow!"} ↪ Get-Command –Name MyWorkflow –Syntax ↪ MyWorkflow

• Improve management automation• Jobs execute based on triggers

• Once, daily, weekly, at startup, at logon• Schedule jobs for execution at a later time, according to a particular

schedule

Job schedulingSimplify routine tasks

Windows Server Update Services (WSUS)

What is WSUS?

Automatic updates

Server running Windows Server Update Services

Automatic updates

LAN

Internet

Test clients

Microsoft Update website

• Maintain operational efficiency• Overcome security vulnerabilities• Maintain stability of your production

environment

Why should I care about WSUS?

The WSUS update management process

Update Management

Phase 1: Assess•Set up a production environment that will support update

management for routine and emergency scenarios

Phase 3: Evaluate and Plan•Test updates in an environment that resembles, but is

separate from, the production environment•Determine the tasks necessary to deploy updates into

production, plan the update releases, build the releases, and then conduct acceptance testing of the releases

Phase 4: Deploy•Approve and schedule update installations•Review the process after the deployment is complete

Phase 4: Deploy•Approve and schedule

update installations•Review the process

after the deployment is complete

Phase 2: Identify•Discover new updates

in a convenient manner

•Determine whether updates are relevant to the production environment

Identify

Evaluate and Plan

Deploy

Assess

Server requirements for WSUS• Software requirements

• Internet Information Services 6.0 or newer• Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 or newer• Microsoft Management Console 3.0• Microsoft Report Viewer Redistributable 2008 or newer• SQL Server 2012, SQL Server 2008, SQL Server 2005 SP2, or Windows

Internal Database• Hardware requirements

• 1.4 GHz or faster x64 processor• 2 GB of RAM or greater• 10 GB available disk space (40 GB or greater is recommended)

Central patching of key hosts and management servers

• Cluster-Aware Compliance – Ensures all hosts are patched to a baseline without VM downtime

• WSUS – Integrates with System Center Virtual Machine Manager and Configuration Manager

• Baselines – Admins define patches that are to be deployed for compliance. These baselines are assigned to hosts/servers

• Scan for Compliance – Scan the hosts/management servers against baselines to determine compliance

• Remediation – VMM orchestrates the patching of the servers, moving VMs as necessary with Live Migration


16 new modules652 new cmdlets3603 new parameters

Glance-ableActionableRelevant

WSUS• Maintains

operational efficiency

• Overcomes security vulnerabilities

• Maintains stability of environments


Diverse ecosystem managementOpen Management InfrastructureBroader WS-Man adoption:• WMI

Multi-server management and automationStandards-based Windows PowerShell

4.0

Server Manager

WSUS

Windows Server 2012 R2 is a great operating system for a lot of servers

and the devices connecting them,whether they are physical or virtual,

on-premises or off-premises.

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© 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

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Philip Weitnauer

Changed order here to start with free

Philip Weitnauer

removed "at no cost" as sounded like it would only apply for Azure. "No cost" is mentioned in above paragraph already

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© 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

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Top Products/Technology• Windows Server 2012• Office Professional Plus 2013• Windows 8 Enterprise• Exchange Server 2012• Windows Server 2012• System Center 2012 SP 1• Lync Server 2013

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IT Camps are no cost, hands-on technical training events for IT professionals led by Microsoft experts, centered on the IT challenges you’re tackling in your environment today.

• Windows Server 2012• Windows 8• Windows Azure• System Center 2012 SP 1

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Number of IT Camps executed since July

575

Number of Students attended since July

13k

What

Learn more / RegisterBy the numbers (worldwide view)

Covered Products/Technology

Topic 2

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