Windows 7

Windows 7• 6 Different Editions

(see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_7_editions)

• Type winver to find version runningEdition Maximum

RAM supported

Maximum Physical CPUs supported

Notes

Starter 2Gb (x86) 1 No support for Aero. Cannot join a domain. No paretntal controls. RD client only. Join but not create HomeGroup.Only 32 Bit.

Home Basic 8Gb 1 Supports Some Aero options. Geographical location activation restrictions.

Home Premium

16Gb 1 Cannot joint domain. RD Client only. Can join and Create HomeGroup

Professional 192Gb 2 Can join domain. RD Server. Encrypted File System (EFS) supportXP Mode. Supports Offline files and folders. Supports Group Policy

Enterprise 192Gb 2 Bitlocker included (not OEM). Multi-Lingual User Interface (MUI).Offline files and folders. Supports Group Policy. Can join domain.

Ultimate 192 Gb 2 OEM includes Bitlocker. Same as Enterprise.

CompTIA Knowledge

• Aero Interface

• Gadgets – Applications that can run on the desktop. Alt Click on Desktop and select Gadgets.

• Sidebar – Where Gadgets are placed. Only when Gadgets are used.

• User Account Control – Prevents unauthorised/unintentional changes by prompting the user to continue

• BitLocker – encryption to protect files

• Shadow Copy – Volume shadow copy creates copies to enable recovery.http://blog.szynalski.com/2009/11/volume-shadow-copy-system-restore/

CompTIA Knowledge

• ReadyBoost – Can use free space on a removable drive to speed up a system by caching content.https://www.winhelp.us/use-readyboost-in-windows-vista-and-7.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReadyBoosthttps://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff356869.aspxFound in properties of a removable drive

• Compatibility Mode – Configures apps to believe that they are running in an older version. Control Panel -> Programs -> Run Programs made for Previous Versions of Windows

CompTIA Knowledge

• XP Mode – Run applications in XP Mode (XPM). Virtual Client to emulate Win XP Professional.

• Windows Defender – Antispyware program

• Windows Firewall – Stops incoming / outgoing traffic. 3 settings:• On

• Off

• Block all incoming connections

Other Important Key Features

• Look these up to have knowledge of them:• Jump Lists

• Pinning to Taskbar

• Windows Taskbar

• Snap (or Aero Snap)

• HomeGroup

• Windows Search

• Windows Touch

• Libraries

Upgrades (need to know differences)

• In Place Upgrades – without removing existing version

• Compatibility Tools – Keeps legacy applications so they think they are running on older versions following an upgrade

• Windows upgrade OS Advisor – MS utilities. Upgrade Advisor (Windows 7) or Upgrade Assistant (Windows 8/8.1). Reports what you need to consider before upgrade.

Windows 7 Installation

• Upgrade or clean installation

• Custom option allows Hard Disk to be formatted

• Upgrade Options – See PDF Windows 7 Upgrade Options

• Vista versions not shown in PDF do not allow Windows 7 upgrade (need Windows 7 full version)

• Always run Windows 7 Upgrade Advisor before upgrade

• Microsoft Windows User State Migration Tool (USMT)https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh824913.aspx(Use Windows Easy Transfer (WET) for a few accounts transfer)

Windows 7 Boot Sequence

• BOOTMGR – Starts the loading of the OS

• BCD – Boot Configuration Data, locations of the OS’s on the system

• WINLOAD.EXE – (Loads NTOSKRNL.EXE)

• WINRESUME.EXE – Called by BOOTMGR if resuming a session

• NTOSKRNL.EXE – Windows Kernel

• System Files required as discussed previously

Windows 7 Features

• CompTIA requirements:• System Restore

• Windows Defender

• Windows Firewall

• Action Center

Windows 7 Features

• Start -> All Programs -> Accessories -> System Tools -> System Restore

• Exercise:• Create a new user

• Create a restore point

• Reboot

• Login as original user

• Check other user exists then delete them

• Reboot

• System Restore to the created restore point

• Check the user has been reinstated.

Windows Defender

• Malware protection

• Helps identify and remove viruses

• Can scan at anytime

• Definitions need to be kept current

• Control Panel -> Windows Defender

Windows Firewall

• Control Panel -> Windows Firewall

• Restrict / Block access to the internet

• Take a look at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewall_(computing)

• Better than no firewall, but third party tools often better

• Advance Security tab allows inbound and outbound rules

• Exercise – Turn on firewall logs. • Log dropped packets and Connections

• Events can now be found in Event Viewer, Applications and Services Log

Windows Firewall

• Exercise – Turn on firewall logs. • Control Panel -> System and Security -> Windows Firewall• Advanced Settings• Right Click Windows Firewall and Advanced Security On Local Computer and then

choose Properties under Actions on the right side• Click Customise beneath Logging to open the Customise Logging Settings for the

Domain Profile dialog box• Change the setting for Log dropped packets to Yes. This will log information about

why and when a packet was dropped.(Setting to Log successful connections will create more entries and the log files will need to be checked more often. It will log why and when a connection was allowed.)

• Change Size Limit from the default of 4096KB to 8192KB• Click OK• Events can now be found in Event Viewer, Applications and Services Log

(Microsoft->Windows->Windows Firewall with Advance Security)

Action Center

• Control Panel -> Action Center

• Allows view the Maintenance and Security settings

• The solutions portion has 4 options:• Automatically check for solutions (recommended)

• Automatically check for solutions and send additional data, if needed.

• Each time a problem occurs, ask me before checking for solutions

• Never check for solutions (not recommended)

Windows 7 Admin Tools - Local Users and Groups

• Local Users and Groups (Professional or above)

• Microsoft Management Console (MMC)• Click Start and type MMC

• If not visible choose File -> Add/Remove Snap-in

• Remote Computer can be managed by knowing its address

Windows 7 Admin Tools – Local Security Policy

• Start -> Run type secpol.msc

• Only in Professional or Higher• Account Policies

• Enforce Password History• Max password age• Min password age• Min password lengt• Password must meet complexity requirements• Store Password Using Reversible Encryption

• Account Lockout Policy• Local Policy Settings

• Audit Policy (Helpful for mobile users)• User Rights Assignment• Security Options (Mainly Registry Keys)

Windows 7 Admin Tools – System Configuration

• MSCONFIG.EXE

• Same as Vista

• Use to troubleshoot system problems

• Exercise – click the tools tab and run some of the tools

Windows 7 Admin Tools – Data Sources

• Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Data Sources (ODBC)

• Allows system wide understanding of database locations

Windows 7 Admin Tools – Print Management

• Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Print Management

• Local and remote printers

Windows 7 Admin Tools – Windows Memory Diagnostics

• Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Windows Memory Diagnostics

• Check for memory problems

• Exercise – Run a memory test

Windows 7 - Unique Control Panel Items

• HomeGroup – Simplify Home Networking for sharing of resourcesTo join Network location should be set to Home

• RemoteApp and Desktop Connections

• Allows access to remote computers. Uses port 3389

• All versions allow outgoing connections

• Only Professional and greater for hosting (incoming)

• Exercise – What options are there for Remote Desktop?

Windows 7 - Troubleshooting

• Control Panel -> Troubleshooting

• For many common problems

• Most automatically fixed

• Can help with Remote Assistance

Windows 7 - Networking

• Will cover in greater detail later in course

• Connection Options• Connect to Internet

• Set up wireless router or access point

• Manually connect to a wireless network (only visible if a wireless adapter is present)

• Set up a wireless ad hoc network (only visible if a wireless adapter is present)

• Set up a dial up connection

• Connect to a workplace - vpn

Windows 7 (8/8.1 and 10) – Alternate IP Address

• If first choice not available (DHCP primary)

• IP Addressing – Automatic Private IP Address (APIPA range)

• Subnet Mask

• DNS – translate domain names to IP addresses

• Gateway – Normally the router to communicate externally

Windows – Network Card Properties

• Properties Dialog on the Card

• Half Duplex / Full Duplex / Auto• Full Duplex – send and receive at the same time. Performance – 2x Half.• Half Duplex – Only send or Receive at any given time• Auto – Card decides what remote can do and uses that.

• Speed – configure the highest possible setting• Wake-on-LAN – wakes a sleeping machine if it gets a network signal• PoE – Power over Ethernet – uses the Network cable to transmit power for

the network card• QoS – Quality of Service – implements packet scheduling to control flow.

Windows 7 – Configuring Networking

• HomeGroup v WorkGroup

https://www.computernetworkingnotes.com/networking-basic/differences-between-workgroup-and-homegroup.html

http://www.ebrahma.com/2013/12/what-is-the-difference-between-a-domain-a-workgroup-and-a-homegroup/

Windows 7 – Performance and Optimization

• UAC – User Account Control Settings

• Control Panel -> User Accounts -> Change User Account Control Settings

• 4 Settings:• Always Notify• Notify me only when programs try to make changes to computer (default)• Notify me only when programs try to make changes to computer without

desktop dim• Never Notify

• https://support.microsoft.com/en-gb/help/975787/guided-help-adjust-user-account-control-settings-in-windows-7-and-wind