windows xp dxf , dwg€¦ · reading simplification only the generic name advance is used. ......

This document has been carefully prepared with all the information needed to properly use this Advance product.

This document contains a brief description of the software functions and is not a replacement for the training program. This guide includes information about all the modules, including those that are optional.

In case of any discrepancy between the information given in this guide and the software, the software is the most up to date source.

The content of this guide can be modified without notice. Any reproduction or distribution, even in partial, by any means - electronically or mechanically - of the contents of the present guide and other supplied documentation is strictly forbidden without GRAITEC's explicit authorization.

Windows XP® and Windows Vista

® are trademarks or registered

trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation.

DXFTM

, DWGTM

, AutoCAD® and Autodesk Architectural Desktop

® are

trademarks or registered trademarks of Autodesk Inc. San Rafael, CA.

All the other marks belong to their owners.

Contents

WELCOME .............................................................................................................................................................. 7

INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE ? ...................................................................................................................................... 9 WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION IN ADVANCE CONCRETE .......................................................................................... 10

Accessing the online help ............................................................................................................................... 10 Using the context help and online help .......................................................................................................... 10 Using Self-training: Advance Learning Program ............................................................................................ 11

CHAPTER 1 INSTALLING ADVANCE ................................................................................................................. 13

CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................................................................... 14 Hardware configuration .................................................................................................................................. 14 Software configuration .................................................................................................................................... 14

DISTRIBUTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 14 LICENSE ............................................................................................................................................................... 14 BEFORE INSTALLING ADVANCE .............................................................................................................................. 15 INSTALLING ADVANCE ........................................................................................................................................... 15 INSTALLATION OF AUTOCAD® OR AUTODESK ARCHITECTURAL DESKTOP® ............................................................ 15 ADVANCE INSTALLATION ....................................................................................................................................... 16

CHAPTER 2 DISCOVERING ADVANCE ............................................................................................................. 19

SOFTWARE PRINCIPLES ........................................................................................................................................ 20 MODEL MODE ....................................................................................................................................................... 21 DRAWINGS MODE ................................................................................................................................................. 22 DOCUMENTS MODE ............................................................................................................................................... 22 ARCHITECT – DESIGN DEPARTMENT – CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES INTERFACE ........................................................ 23

From the architect........................................................................................................................................... 23 ...To the construction company ...................................................................................................................... 23 Find more about Archi-BE interface… ............................................................................................................ 23

TWO DIMENSIONAL FILES ....................................................................................................................................... 24 THE DRAWING SOFTWARE – CALCULATION SOFTWARE INTERFACE ........................................................................... 25 THE AUTOMATIC AND ASSISTED REINFORCEMENT ................................................................................................... 26 USER INTERFACE .................................................................................................................................................. 26

AutoCAD® environment ................................................................................................................................. 26 SMARTBAR ........................................................................................................................................................... 27 TOOLBARS ........................................................................................................................................................... 28

Project Settings toolbar .................................................................................................................................. 28 Model toolbar .................................................................................................................................................. 29 Levels toolbar ................................................................................................................................................. 30 Grid toolbar ..................................................................................................................................................... 30 Structural toolbar ............................................................................................................................................ 30 Foundations toolbar ........................................................................................................................................ 31 Openings toolbar ............................................................................................................................................ 31 Roof and Ramp toolbar .................................................................................................................................. 31 Stairs toolbar .................................................................................................................................................. 32 Formwork Functions toolbar ........................................................................................................................... 32 Reinforcement toolbar .................................................................................................................................... 32 Meshes Scraps toolbar ................................................................................................................................... 33 Reinforcement Bars toolbar ............................................................................................................................ 34 Reinforcement Renumbering toolbar ............................................................................................................. 34 Distributions toolbar ........................................................................................................................................ 34 Distribution Editor toolbar ............................................................................................................................... 35 Reinforcement 3D Viewer toolbar .................................................................................................................. 35 Sketch Designer toolbar ................................................................................................................................. 35 Reinforcement Solutions toolbar .................................................................................................................... 36 Lists toolbar .................................................................................................................................................... 36 Analysis and Design toolbar ........................................................................................................................... 37 Drawings toolbar ............................................................................................................................................. 37 Symbols and Labels toolbar ........................................................................................................................... 38 Dimensions toolbar ......................................................................................................................................... 38

Views Toolbar ................................................................................................................................................ 38 Reinforcement Symbols toolbar .................................................................................................................... 40 Documents toolbar ........................................................................................................................................ 40 Tools toolbar .................................................................................................................................................. 41 Bar Editor toolbar ........................................................................................................................................... 41 Automatic Drafting toolbar ............................................................................................................................. 41 Graitec Transfer Center toolbar ..................................................................................................................... 42 Import-Export standard files toolbar .............................................................................................................. 42 Help Toolbar .................................................................................................................................................. 42

ADVANCE MENUS ................................................................................................................................................. 43 Main menu ..................................................................................................................................................... 43 Context menus .............................................................................................................................................. 44 Shortcut Access Menu ................................................................................................................................... 44

UTILITIES ............................................................................................................................................................ 45 AutoUCS ........................................................................................................................................................ 45

LAYER MANAGER ................................................................................................................................................. 45 Layer Name manager .................................................................................................................................... 46 Tooltips .......................................................................................................................................................... 46 Material Manager ........................................................................................................................................... 46 Object Geometry Manager ............................................................................................................................ 47 Representation Styles Manager .................................................................................................................... 47 Doors and Windows manager ....................................................................................................................... 48 Bars and Meshes manager ........................................................................................................................... 48 Multicriteria object selection .......................................................................................................................... 49 Displaying objects by type ............................................................................................................................. 49 Automatic Reinforcement Objects ................................................................................................................. 49 Viewer 3D ...................................................................................................................................................... 50

CHAPTER 3 USING ADVANCE ......................................................................................................................... 51

ADVANCE BY EXAMPLES ....................................................................................................................................... 52 Formwork and Implementation ...................................................................................................................... 52 Reinforcement ............................................................................................................................................... 52

FORMWORK AND IMPLEMENTATION ....................................................................................................................... 53 Basic settings ................................................................................................................................................ 53

CONSTRUCT A MODEL .......................................................................................................................................... 54 Step 1: Create continuous walls .................................................................................................................... 54 Step 2: Draw a straight wall and a curved wall.............................................................................................. 55 Step 3: Adjust the walls ................................................................................................................................. 56 Step 4: Creating columns .............................................................................................................................. 57 Step 5: Create the beams and slabs ............................................................................................................. 58 Step 6: Create a door and a window ............................................................................................................. 60 Step 7: Use the AutoUCS tool to position a slab hole ................................................................................... 61 Step 8: Automatically create the second level............................................................................................... 62 Step 9: Generate foundations ....................................................................................................................... 63 Step 10: Use the "roof" function to raise a slab ............................................................................................. 64 Step 11: Creating stairs ................................................................................................................................. 66

CREATE DRAWINGS ............................................................................................................................................. 69 Step 12: Creating a cut .................................................................................................................................. 69 Step 13: Create a plan view .......................................................................................................................... 71 Step 14: Creating an associative dimension ................................................................................................. 72

CREATE A LAYOUT ............................................................................................................................................... 73 Step 15: Create an A4 layout ........................................................................................................................ 73

EXPORT THE MODEL FOR CALCULATIONS .............................................................................................................. 75 Step 16: Export the model to Arche Building structure ................................................................................. 75

REINFORCEMENT ................................................................................................................................................. 76 Create reinforcement drawings ..................................................................................................................... 76 Step 1: Create the reinforcement drawing of a wall ...................................................................................... 76

TRANSVERSAL REINFORCEMENT PLACEMENT ........................................................................................................ 79 Step 2: Define and place the transversal reinforcement around a window opening ..................................... 79

LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT PLACEMENT ........................................................................................................ 86 Step 3: Define and distribute the longitudinal reinforcement around the window opening .................................... 86 Step 4: View the reinforcement in 3D ............................................................................................................ 90

PLACE REFERENCE MARKS ON THE DISTRIBUTION BARS ......................................................................................... 92

Step 5: Place reference marks and dimensions on the distribution bars. ...................................................... 92 PLACE A BAR LIST ................................................................................................................................................. 95

Step 6: Place the list with bar bending details ................................................................................................ 95 PLACE THE MESHES .............................................................................................................................................. 96

Step 7: Place meshes on the wall sides ......................................................................................................... 96 PLACE A MESH LIST ............................................................................................................................................... 98

Step 8: Place the mesh list ............................................................................................................................. 98

APPENDICES COMMAND LINE .......................................................................................................................... 99

ADVANCE COMMANDS ......................................................................................................................................... 100 Getting help .................................................................................................................................................. 100 Managing the projects .................................................................................................................................. 100 Modeling a building....................................................................................................................................... 101 Modeling a level ............................................................................................................................................ 101 Creating the formwork .................................................................................................................................. 101 Creating the reinforcement ........................................................................................................................... 102 Creating and managing model drawings ...................................................................................................... 103 Dimensioning the drawings and views ......................................................................................................... 104 Adding symbols and annotations ................................................................................................................. 104 Creating and using the lists .......................................................................................................................... 105 Creating layouts ............................................................................................................................................ 105 Using Utilities ................................................................................................................................................ 105 Using Internet services ................................................................................................................................. 106

INDEX .................................................................................................................................................................. 107

Welcome

In this Chapter

Welcome to GRAITEC Advance,

Perfectly integrated with AutoCAD®, Advance accelerates the creation of reinforced concrete and steel structures with tools dedicated to modeling and accelerates document creation required for the construction process: general arrangement drawings, detailing, manufacturing drawings, lists, BOM's, etc.

GRAITEC Advance includes:

– Advance Steel for creating structural steel arrangement drawings, shop drawings, lists and NC files.

– Advance Concrete for creating reinforcement and structural concrete drawings

– Advance Design for the analysis and design of reinforcement concrete and steel structures and automated creation of design reports.

Advance is part of the GRAITEC CAD / Analysis and Design suite and therefore directly connects to other GRAITEC engineering solutions.

This user guide, dedicated to the Concrete suite, allows you to get quickly and simply a set of main functionalities and to exploit the Advance work methodology. For a quick start, refer to the tutorial in Chapter 3 Using Advance.

All software tools described in this guide and all remarks related to the product pertain only to the Advance Concrete and for reading simplification only the generic name Advance is used.

■ Introduction

■ How to use this guide ?

■ Where to find information

■ Contacting technical support

■ Log on to GRAITEC Advantages Web site

ADVANCE CONCRETE User’s Guide

8

Introduction

Advance Concrete is the essential AutoCAD® extension for modeling and for automated construction and reinforcement drawing creation.

With intelligent Advance objects, a three dimensional model is created and stored in a drawing. Once the model is complete, Advance creates all structural and reinforcement drawings using a large selection of view production tools, dimensions, locations, symbols and automatic layout functions.

Advance is completely integrated in AutoCAD® making it easy and intuitive to learn. Advance uses the latest AutoCAD® ObjectARX® technology. This advanced technology provides users with professional objects (e.g., beams, columns, and bars) perfectly integrated into AutoCAD® on which most standard functions (e.g., copy, paste, extend, trim, stretch, etc.) can be applied.

The use of the ObjectARX® technology allows Advance to provide you professional tools combining the power of AutoCAD® or Autodesk Architectural Desktop® design & GRAITEC's experience in the field of structural modeling. Indeed, Advance is completely compatible with the structural calculation software proposed by GRAITEC.

The objective of this user guide is to train you in no time and to provide guidelines on installing and using the software along with suggestions for improving work efficiency and productivity.

This guide also contains information on Advance’s user interface and a tutorial on the main software features and concepts.


9

How to use this guide ?

This guide includes:

The steps involved in installing the software and obtaining a license (Chapter 1: Installing Advance)

A description of Advance’s user interface and functions (Chapter 2: Discovering Advance)

A tutorial on using Advance (Chapter 3: Using Advance)

Spend some time for reading this guide and it will help you to take your first steps with Advance.

All Advance commands are listed in the Appendix.

An index is available at the end of the guide.

For mode information, contact your dealer or visit GRAITEC’s website (www.graitec.com).

http://www.graitec.com/


10

Where to find information in Advance Concrete

Accessing the online help

Advance has an online help system that offers step-by-step instructions for every function. This system contains important information about the software concepts and functionality.

To access the online help during a work session, you can use:

Help toolbar: Click

Advance Menu: Select Help > Online help

Command line: Type grtchelp

Figure 1: Advance online help

Using the context help and online help

Advance has context help that provides information on dialog box controls. that can be used anytime you work on your project.

For assistance, click the [?] on the title bar and then click the control in the dialog box. An explanation tooltip is displayed.

Detailed information on dialog box controls is obtained by clicking Help or by pressing .

Figure 2: Accessing help for a dialog box


11

Using Self-training: Advance Learning Program

The Advance Learning Program is an interactive self-training system that is installed with Advance. Since Advance works with AutoCAD® and Autodesk Architectural Desktop® basic tools, the Advance Learning Program involves training of the methodologies used in these systems. The Advance Learning Program contains step-by-step instructions for creating drawings and understanding Advance’s functions.

The advantage of using the Advance Learning Program is that the training is self-paced and focuses on specific subjects.

To access the Advance Learning Program:

Help toolbar: Click

Advance Menu: Select Help > Advance Learning Program

Command line: Type grtcselftraining

Figure 3: Learning Program

.

Chapter 1 Installing Advance

In this Chapter

■ Software configuration

■ Installing Advance


14

Configuration

To successfully install Advance certain requirements have to be met.

Hardware configuration

PC with a Processor min. 2 GHz (or equivalent)

Main memory min. 2 GB (4 GB recommended)

Min. 1 GB free disk space on the hard disk

Network adapter

DVD Drive

AutoCAD® compatible graphics-card (for more information, see http://www.autodesk.com/autocad-graphicscard)

Software configuration

Installed operating system Windows XP Professional, Windows Vista or Windows 7 (32-bit or 64-bit version) \

Installed TCP/IP Protocol

AutoCAD® 2007, ADT 2007, AutoCAD® 2008, AutoCAD® Architecture 2008, AutoCAD® 2009, AutoCAD® Architecture 2009, AutoCAD® 2010, AutoCAD® Architecture 2010, AutoCAD® 2011 or AutoCAD® Architecture 2011

A MAPI compliant Microsoft mail system (Microsoft Outlook, Microsoft Outlook Express, etc.) used for sending requests for technical support through Advance Concrete.

Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0 or higher. This software is required for using the internet functions or the Online help.

TCP/IP Protocol

Internet connection for license activation

Distribution

Advance is delivered on DVD.

The license is activated online.

License

An activation code and a serial number are required to use Advance commands in AutoCAD®.

If Advance was purchased, you already have the activation code and the serial number; otherwise please con-tact GRAITEC or the reseller.

Without an authorization a temporary license for 5 days may be installed. When the temporary license expires, only the AutoCAD® commands will be available.

If you have any problems contact your reseller or GRAITEC support.

http://www.autodesk.com/autocad-graphicscard


15

Before installing Advance

Administrator rights are required to install Advance.

Installing Advance

AutoCAD® or Autodesk Architectural Desktop® must first be installed on the system prior to installing Advance.

Installation of AutoCAD® or Autodesk Architectural Desktop®

Follow the detailed instructions provided in the AutoCAD® or Autodesk Architectural Desktop documentation.


16

Advance installation

Proceed with the installation as follows:

1. Close all active WINDOWS applications.

2. Insert the installation DVD into the DVD drive.

The setup program starts automatically and the following dialog box appears.

1. Close all active WINDOWS applications.

2. Insert the installation DVD into the DVD drive.

The setup program starts automatically and the DVD Browser appears.

If the Setup did not start automatically, the AutoPlay tool on the computer could be switched off. In this case, start the Advance setup program using the Run command.

Figure 4: Run option on the Start menu

– From the Windows menu, select: Start > Run.

– Enter the path and the name of the program to start in the Open field or click Browse to select the AdvanceSetup.exe program on the DVD.

– Click .

Figure 5: Run dialog box

3. Select the installation language and click Install products.

Figure 6: Starting the installation

4. On the next screen, select Advance Concrete and click Next.

Figure 7: Selecting the product


17

5. Read the license agreement. Click I accept to agree to the specified terms and click Next to continue.

Figure 8: License agreement

6. On the next screen, select the interface language and the installation path.

To select the interface language, click Customize. In the next dialog box, select the interface language and the local settings for each installed application and click .

To change the destination path, click . In the next dialog box, enter a path or select a different folder in which to install Advance and click .

Note: If a previous version of Advance is already installed, select another installation folder.

Figure 9: Selecting the components to install and the interface language

7. Click Install to start the installation.

The installation starts.

8. Click Finish to complete the installation.

Figure 10: Finishing the installation

You can return to the first page and install another application of the Advance suite

Chapter 2 Discovering Advance

In this Chapter

■ Software principles

■ Architect – design department – construction companies interface

■ The drawing software – calculation software interface

■ User interface

■ Utilities


20

Software principles

The workflow consists of three design steps or modes: Model, Drawings, and Documents.

Layouts are created from drawings, which are in turn created from the model. A 3D model is created using the Advance intelligent objects. The model is the basis for the automated general arrangement drawings creation:

Cuts or global and local sections

Elevations

Top views or bottom-up reflected views

Isometric views

Reinforcement drawings and views

All the created drawings remain linked with the model. If there are any modifications to the model the drawings are automatically updated.

The generated views and user created drawings are used in the creation of the general arrangement drawings.

The three modes, Model, Drawings, and Documents, are accessible from the Pilot.

Figure 11: Project workflow

The Pilot is the starting point in the application. All different stages of the project creation are managed with the Pilot: model conception, general arrangement drawing creation, and layout creation.

Click each of the three modes on the Pilot. You can pass easily from one mode to another without any difficulty and without impact in the models or the drawings, in a similar way as an explorer:

Figure 12: The three mode of the Pilot: Model, Drawings and Documents


21

Model mode

Figure 13: Model mode

The building structures, the civil engineering structures or precast concrete structures are drawn in the MODEL mode. This is the first step in building creation.

For buildings structures, you draw the structural elements in the plan view, the third dimension is generated automatically by the plan view by taken into account the height set in the level properties in the Pilot (right click on Level).

For the civil engineering structures drawings you can use the Advance objects modeling functions or the 3D AutoCAD® modeler in the same time.

For the drawings of precast concrete pieces made in three dimensions one can use the 3D AutoCAD® modeler functions.

In MODEL mode, draw the structures using the functions from the « Advance Model » toolbar. Using tools from this toolbar you can draw all structural components (walls, columns, beams, slabs, openings…) All functions necessary for the level by level modeling are available here: access to libraries, materials, conversion tools…

The drawing and the modeling of the structures are made with higher productivity due to a specific professional behavior. The Advance objects are also manipulated with AutoCAD® classical functions (Extend, Trim, Copy,…) so you can use directly your CAD experience.

In MODEL mode, you can also send the structures to the calculation software Arche Structure and Effel Structure.

In the next mode, DRAWINGS mode, the general arrangement drawings calculated from the model can be updated directly while modifying the model structural components.


22

Drawings mode

Figure 14: Drawings mode

The details and views that have been defined in the Model mode are calculated and created in the Drawings mode. The folders listed in the Pilot, in Drawings mode, contain the created drawings.

The drawings can be created in two ways:

using Advance functions (ex: cuts, elevations,…) starting from the model in Model mode

manually using the function Create a new drawing. It's important to find a drawing specifically created by the user in DRAWINGS for automatic management and thereafter to be able to compose a global general arrangement drawing more easily.

Every drawing is an individual item, however several drawings can be grouped together using drag and drop of a drawing onto another drawing.

A model is modified when the properties of a structural element on a drawing are changed (e.g., modifying a cut changes the model). Clicking on a structural element edge displays its properties.

In addition, if the model is modified in the Model mode, a blue icon marks the views and drawings affected by this modification. Since there is an immediate warning, all drawing or conception mistakes are avoided. Right clicking on a drawing and selecting Activate and update updates the general arrangement drawing.

To complete the drawings, add dimensions, texts and annotations. This additional information is not erased during an update. The information is automatically updated if it was created with Advance functions.

The Reinforcement module is used in the Drawings mode to create reinforcement drawings.

The Advance Reinforcement toolbar contains all the necessary tools to create reinforcement drawings. Reinforcement can be added to any created drawing or view. The Create a reinforcement drawing starting from structural elements function automatically puts formwork edges on the selected structural elements and draws the reinforcement elements.

Documents mode

Figure 15: Documents mode

In DOCUMENTS mode, you composes the layouts using the previously created drawings. To create a layout, it's enough to click in the pilot on DOCUMENTS mode, then right click on « Layout ».

Constructing a layout is simply done by dragging and dropping the drawings created in Drawings mode onto the layout. The properties are available on the properties bar, Smartbar. Thus, all drawings created by the user or all views graphically calculated by Advance and completed, finished by the user, can be placed on layouts.

All the modifications made by Advance or by the user on the drawings and views in the Drawings mode, are automatically updated in the layout without any manual intervention. The layout definition properties, content and history are viewed by right clicking on a layout in the Pilot.


23

Architect – design department – construction companies interface

From the architect...

With the AutoCAD® entity conversion tool, architect drawings are converted to Advance models. The conversion of basic 2D entities into structural elements accelerates the modeling step.

This functionality is accessed by clicking Convert an AutoCAD® entity on the Model toolbar.

Advance can easily convert elements from an architectural model into structural elements using the Autodesk Architectural Desktop® platform. The architectural drawings are used to get the construction drawings and the 3D model.

...To the construction company

Exporting a standard 2D DWG file from a general arrangement drawing or an Advance layout provides a contractor with a general arrangement drawing in a digital format.

To export a DWG file, right click a drawing or layout and select Export to DWG.

In DOCUMENTS mode, proceed in the same way to export a complete paper plan.

The DWG files created by this method only contain AutoCAD® classic entities without any Advance information.

Find more about Archi-BE interface…

Advance offers you the possibility to start from an architectural drawing file in order to draw the structure quickly.

It is possible to recover the information in two different ways, depending on the type of the architectural drawing.

Figure 16: Requalification of 2D entities in structural objects


24

Two dimensional files

Advance offers specialized tools for converting 2D entities into structural objects.

The procedure is as follows:

1. After starting Advance, load a file.

2. Simplify the drawing by deactivating the architect's layers (facilities, partition walls, dimensions, etc.) and keeping only the supporting elements.

3. Select the two lines representing the outer and inner wall faces.

4. Click Convert an AutoCAD® icon.

5. On the dialog box, select two lines into a Wall.

6. Click OK to convert the 2D entities into structural objects.

7. Several two by two lines can be selected to create several walls at once.

8. If a line corresponds to the object central axis it can be converted into an object.

Figure 17: "Convert selected elements" dialog box


25

The drawing software – calculation software interface

The same structural model must be able to be used for several applications: the structure created in Advance in MODEL mode is used to create all the execution drawings and it's exploited also to get the engineer's calculations using the suitable calculation programs.

Activate the toolbar « Advance Analyse » by right clicking on a Advance functionalities toolbar.

Figure 18: Analysis and Design toolbar

Export the Model to Arche Building structure

Draw your project in Advance, then click Export to Arche Building Structure. Coupled with Arche, your structure is exported directly in the Structure software. Arche Structure gets the calculations of load distribution according to the traditional method.

Export the Model to Effel Structure

In the same idea, for the more deeper calculations (seismic calculation, wind bracing,…), click on the icon Export to Effel Structure to study the structure using the finite elements calculation method.

Export the Model to Effel Structure

Advance models can be also exported in the Effel Advanced, Graitec new analysis software.

Advance – Arche Structure models synchronization

You can entirely synchronize Arche and Advance models using the synchronization and real time information tool. This tool allows reinforcing the collaboration between the engineer and the designer. For example, if the engineer changes the position or the dimension of a structural element, the designer is warned and he can accept or reject this modification. A specific detailed interface allows viewing and sorting the changes appeared in the structure.

Figure 19: “Synchronization” dialog box

Export the Advance structural elements to Arche Reinforcement Modules

With Arche Reinforcement Modules, you can query an individual structural element. Select an Advance element and export it directly to the reinforcement module in order to get preliminary dimensioning of the concrete element and also the reinforcement.


26

The automatic and assisted reinforcement

Due to Advance's reinforcement module, directly connected to Arche modules, you can create reinforcement drawings for each structural element (walls, columns,…) with a single click !

Select an element, right-click and select « Create a reinforcement plan ». The reinforcement drawing of this element is instantly displayed. This reinforcement plan is created using the calculation facility of Arche. It's now possible to modify or to adapt the result by importing again the reinforcement plan in Advance and adding reinforcements, reference marks, dimensions or other types of notations. Then a reinforcement list can be generated to take in account the modifications.

User interface

AutoCAD® environment

A familiar environment is maintained since Advance is fully integrated into AutoCAD®. Customizable Advance Concrete toolbars are added to the list of available AutoCAD® toolbars.

The Advance main menu provides quick access to all program functions.

Figure 20: Advance - User Interface

1: Advance pilot

2: Fast access menu

3: Smartbar

4: Advance main menu

5: Advance toolbars

6: Command line


27

Smartbar

Each object (model elements, dimensions, symbols...) has a properties bar, called Smartbar, for modifying the object's essential attributes.

Figure 21: Smartbar for slab elements

The smartbar is automatically activated in two instances:

When an object creation command starts, the smartbar of that object appears. During the creation process, one or several object attributes can be modified.

When one or several objects of the same type are selected, one or several attributes can be modified. The modifications are confirmed by pressing Enter.

Click to access the element’s detailed properties.


28

Toolbars

Project Settings toolbar

The Project Settings toolbar contains all the commands to access the libraries.

This… Function

Units

Access the Layer name Manager

Define the Preferences

Access the Material library

Access the Geometry library

Access the Door and Window library

Access the Piles library

Access the Representation style library

Access the Bars library

Access the lap table

Access the hook table

Access rebar rounding rules

Access to the shape library

Default values for steel grade and concrete covers

Vie Access the Mesh library

Access to the bar supports library

Bar supports design rules

Weight review

Load a project

Save the project


29

Model toolbar

The Model toolbar contains all the necessary tools for modeling a structure.

This… Function

Display or hide the Pilot

Create a new level above building

Access the Layer Name Manager

Access the Grid toolbar

Access the Structural toolbar

Access the Foundations toolbar

Access the Openings toolbar

Access the Roofs and Ramps toolbar

Bind elements to the roof or to the ramp

Combine roofs or ramps

Access the Stairs toolbar

Copy or move elements between levels

Convert AutoCAD® entities into modeling elements

Convert an element into an ACIS solid entity

Access the Formwork functions toolbar

Access the Drawings toolbar

Automatically generate a BOM

Material quantities management

Load Advance Steel


30

Levels toolbar

The Levels toolbar contains tools for creating levels and copying existing elements to new levels.

Button Function

Create a new level above

Create a new level below

Display next level

Display previous level

Copy current level elements into the upper level

Copy current level elements into the lower level

Grid toolbar

The Grid toolbar contains all the necessary tools for creating and managing grids.

This… Function

Create a grid

Renumber the grid axis

Structural toolbar

The Structural toolbar contains the necessary tools for creating the model.

This… Function

Create a slab

Create a beam

Create a column

Create a wall


31

Foundations toolbar

The Foundations toolbar contains tools for building foundations.

This… Function

Create an isolated footing

Create a bedding isolated footing

Create a continuous footing

Create a bedding continuous footing

Create a drill depth area

Create a pile

Automatically generate footings under columns and walls

Openings toolbar

The Openings toolbar contains tools for creating all types of wall and slab openings.

This… Function

Create a window

Create a door

Create a standard opening in a wall

Create a standard opening in a slab

Create a polygonal opening in a slab

Create a beam openings line

Create a lintel

Create a window sill

Roof and Ramp toolbar

The Roofs and ramps toolbar contains the tools for creating ramps and roofs.

This… Function

Create a roof

Create a ramp


32

Stairs toolbar

The Stairs toolbar contains the necessary tools for stair creation and the links to the precast stairs manufacturers websites.

This… Function

Create a stair

Link to the PBM website (precast stairs)

Link to the SB website (precast stairs)

Formwork Functions toolbar

The Formwork Functions toolbar contains all the tools for adjusting Advance elements.

This… Function

Adjusting an element

Split a slab

Break an element

Create stepped footing

Edit a brick shelf

Bind 3D ACIS solids to structural

Unbind 3D ACIS solids to structural

Convert 3D ACIS solids to structural

Reinforcement toolbar

The Reinforcement toolbar contains the necessary tools for reinforcement.

This… Function

Create a reinforcement drawing starting from structural elements

Create a new drawing

Assign an element to a structure

Create a new bar shape

Create a point bar

Access the Reinforcement Bars toolbar

Create a polygonal bar


33

This… Function

Break a bar

Create a separator

Create a simple mesh

Access the Meshes Scraps toolbar

Create a simple mesh outline

Create a mesh row

Trim one or several meshes

Create a bent mesh

Create a mesh cut

Access the Distribution toolbar

Access to the Edit distribution toolbar

Access the Reinforcement symbols toolbar

Create a distribution dimension

Create a bar or mesh bending detail

Access the Automatic drafting toolbar

View the bar library

View the mesh library

Access the Reinforcement renumbering toolbar

Access the Lists toolbar

Meshes Scraps toolbar

The Meshes Scraps toolbar contains tools for creating new meshes starting from scraps.

This… Function

Create a mesh starting from scraps

Automatically optimize mesh rests


34

Reinforcement Bars toolbar

The Reinforcement Bars toolbar contains tools for creating all bar types in the views and drawings.

This… Function

Create a straight bar

Create a rectangular frame

Create a circular bar

Create a stirrup bar

Create a pin bar

Create a U bar

Create an L bar

Reinforcement Renumbering toolbar

The Reinforcement Renumbering toolbar contains tools for renumbering bars and meshes and displaying and hiding the distribution definition.

This… Function

Position renumbering of the mesh bars

Display the bar definition

Hide the bar definition

Distributions toolbar

The Distribution toolbar contains tools for placing bars or meshes.

This… Function

Create a linear distribution of the selected bar

Create a linear variable distribution of the selected bar

Create a quantitative distribution of the selected bar

Create a cut distribution of the selected bar

Create a free distribution of the selected bar

Create a one by one distribution of the selected bar

Create a section distribution

Create a bar field distribution

Create a distribution of a selected bent mesh


35

Distribution Editor toolbar

The Distribution Editor contains the tools for editing the distributions.

This… Function

Trim the distribution bars

Edit a distribution

Apply a multiplication factor to the distribution

Display the hidden element (definition or distribution bar)

Reinforcement 3D Viewer toolbar

The Reinforcement 3D Viewer toolbar contains all tools for viewing the 3D reinforcement cages.

This… Function

Create a reinforcement view

Create a new reinforcement elevation

Create a new reinforcement cut

Delete a reinforcement view

Select and define the view

Start the 3D viewer

Clash check

Sketch Designer toolbar

The Sketch Designer toolbar contains all the necessary tools for creating a dynamic reinforcement solution.

This… Function

Create a sketch point by translation

Create a sketch point at the edge intersection

Create a sketch point at the edge-plane intersection

Create a sketch point on a line

Define an angle

Define a distance

Define a factor

Define a vector


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This… Function

Define a line

Define a plan

Restore all sketch points

Open color legend

Reinforcement Solutions toolbar

The Reinforcement Solutions toolbar contains tools for defining, applying and saving a reinforcement solution.

This… Function

Apply the solution

Update solutions references

Solution multiplication factor

Solution visibility properties

Compose dynamic reinforcement solution

Define a solution

Save the solution

Close the solution

Lists toolbar

The Lists toolbar contains tools for creating and editing the lists.

This… Function

Create a list

Update a list

Add elements to a list

Delete elements from a list

Split into pages

Export a list to Excel


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Analysis and Design toolbar

The Analysis and Design toolbar contains tools for exporting a model to the structure and load distribution calculation software.

This… Function

Export to Arche Building Structure

Export to Effel Structure

Export to Advance Design

Synchronize data with an Arche Structure file

Create a reinforcement drawing in Arche starting from structural elements

Import the Arche reinforcement drawing in object mode

Do a call/return with Arche reinforcement module corresponding to the selected element

Do a call/ return with KP1 module

Import a drawing (DXF file)

Drawings toolbar

The Drawings toolbar contains all the required tools for creating drawings and views.

This… Function

Create a cut or a section

Create an elevation

Create an isometric

Create a top / bottom view

Create a reinforcement drawing

Create a new drawing

Activate and update a drawing

Create a plan view


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Symbols and Labels toolbar

The Symbols and Annotations toolbar contains tools for creating and managing symbols and annotations.

This… Function

Create a symbol

Create multiple symbols

Add a symbol to the Symbol library

Access the Symbol library

Create a label

Create multiple labels

Add a new label to the library

View the label library

Dimensions toolbar

The Dimensions toolbar contains all the required tools for creating dimensions.

This… Function

Create a coordinates dimension

Create a level dimension

Create an arc dimension

Create an intersection dimension

Create an associative dimension

Create a dimension by points

Create a distribution dimension

Views Toolbar

The Views toolbar contains the necessary tools for dimensioning and annotating views. It is a mixed toolbar, containing native AutoCAD® dimensioning tools and Advance specific tools.

This… Function

Display or hide the Pilot

Activate and update a drawing

Copy drafting (AutoCAD® Function)


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This… Function

Access the Layer Name Manager

Create a linear dimension (AutoCAD® Function)

Create an aligned dimension (AutoCAD® Function)

Create a radius dimension (AutoCAD® Function)

Create a diameter dimension (AutoCAD® Function)

Create an angular dimension (AutoCAD® Function)

Create a quick dimension (AutoCAD® Function)

Create a dimension series (AutoCAD® Function)

Create a dimension style (AutoCAD® Function)

Create a coordinates dimension

Create a level dimension

Create an arc dimension

Create an intersection dimension

Create an associative dimension

Create a dimension by points

Create a symbol

Create multiple symbols

Add a symbol to the Symbol library

Display the Symbol library

Create an annotation

Create multiple annotations

Add annotation to the Annotation library

Access the Annotation library

Insert dynamic block


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Reinforcement Symbols toolbar

The Reinforcement Symbols toolbar contains tools for creating and managing symbols.

This… Function

Create a bar or mesh symbol

Create a symbol on the distributions entities

Create a bar rake symbol

Add a new symbol to the Symbol library

Access the Symbol library

Change the symbol target

Align the symbols

Documents toolbar

The Documents toolbar contains the tools for layouts management.

This… Function

Update layout

Print layouts

Access the Lists toolbar


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Tools toolbar

The Tools toolbar contains the necessary tools for selecting and displaying elements.

This… Function

Activate the AutoUCS tool

Isolate the selected elements

Hide the selected elements

Display elements by type

Select elements using multiple criteria

Select elements by type

Re-label elements

Launch the Simple Identification tool

Launch the Multiple Identification tool

Insert dynamic block

Bar Editor toolbar

The Bar Editor toolbar contains the necessary tools for breaking and editing bars.

This… Function

Break a bar

Edit a bar

Automatic Drafting toolbar

The Automatic Drafting toolbars contains tools for creating automatically symbols, dimensions and bending details on the desired element.

This… Function

Automatic drafting – Symbols and dimensions

Automatic drafting – Bending details


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Graitec Transfer Center toolbar

The Graitec Transfer Center toolbar contains tools for exporting, importing and synchronizing drawings with Advance.

This… Function

Export to GTC

Import to GTC

Synchronize with GTC

Import-Export standard files toolbar

The Import-Export standard files toolbar contains tools for importing/exporting to IFC.

This… Function

Export to IFC

Import from IFC

Help Toolbar

The Help toolbar contains the help tools and online help for Advance.

This… Function

Start the online help

Launch Self-training: Advance Learning Program

Access the GRAITEC website Welcome page

Request technical support

Access GRAITEC Advantages

Contact a GRAITEC dealer

GRAITEC Advantages - flash info


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Advance menus

Main menu

All the commands and dialog boxes are accessed using the Advance Concrete drop-down menu.

Using the Advance menu

After having selected the drop-down menu, select a command by clicking on its name. For example:

Figure 22: Advance Main menu

An arrow following a command name indicates that a submenu is available.

A command followed by (...) indicates that a dialog box is displayed with additional options.

The different submenus of the main menu

Button Function

Pilot Display or hide the Pilot

Project Access project management commands

Model Access structure object creation commands

Reinforcement Access reinforcement drawings creation commands

Drawings Access drawings and views creation commands

Visual elements Access visual elements creation commands

Documents Access document creation commands

Tools Access Advance utilities

Help Access online help and other documentation sources

Note:

You can access the menus and commands by pressing key and the menu shortcut key. For example, to open Advance menu, press .

When the mouse cursor hovers over an icon or a menu item, the status bar displays a short description.


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Context menus

Context menus are available by right clicking an item. The menu and the displayed menu options depend on the cursor position and other conditions, like the selection of an object or a node in the Pilot.

Object context menus

When a context menu is displayed for an object or a homogeneous group of objects, Advance commands are directly integrated into the AutoCAD® context menu.

Pilot context menus

Many context menus are displayed when a Pilot element is right clicked. These menus provide quick access to various creation and parameter definition commands.

Right click an element in the tree on the Pilot (e.g., « Project ») to display its context menu. The context menu concerning selected element appears. This is an example of this contextual menu type:

Figure 23: Example of a Pilot element context menu

Shortcut Access Menu

A button in the upper Pilot area provides a menu for quick access to display control and selection commands.

Figure 24: Pilot short access menu

Button Function

Display according to type Display control by element type

Multicriteria selection Select elements by multiple criteria

Select by type Select elements by type


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Utilities

There are key tools that are vital for the proper use of Advance modules. The online help is a good source for information on activating and using these tools.

AutoUCS

AutoUCS is an efficient and easy to use tool when working with relative coordinates in the creation and modification of structural elements. It can also be used as a measuring tool!

Figure 25: Using the AutoUCS tool

Layer manager

The layers in the project are organized according to a structured diagram that can be modified.

Each level or drawing has linked layers. This default organization of layers is modified using the layers manager. On level or drawing activation, the linked layers are automatically displayed.

Figure 26: Layer manager


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Layer Name manager

The layers and the layers names are automatically defined using Advance. The standards to define the layers with their names are created by users in accordance to their company rules. National or international preset standards are also delivered with Advance for management of layers in drawings.

Figure 27: Layer Name manager

Tooltips

The structure elements' characteristics (number, material, dimension, etc.) are displayed in a tooltip when the mouse is moved over the object.

Figure 28: Tooltip example

Material Manager

Advance includes a Material library for concrete, steel and timber structures. Materials may be added to this library and technical characteristics for each material in the library can be modified.

Figure 29: Management of the model material


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Object Geometry Manager

All types of geometries can be drawn in Advance.

Each Advance project includes the following categories:

Volumes (applicable for isolated footings, defined by an attach point, an angle and a volume)

Sections (applicable for beams, columns and continuous footings, obtained by extruding the section along the element's main axis)

Thicknesses (applicable for walls and slabs, obtained by extrusion of their contour depending on the thickness).

Different objects can share these stored geometries.

For example, all beams with 20x50 rectangular sections, in a project reference a single section. This mechanism considerably reduces the amount of memory space used by Advance.

Figure 30: Object Geometry Manager

Representation Styles Manager

In Advance, every object type can have a representation style. A representation style is a set of parameters that define the representation for objects of the same type. Object appearance (hatching, line thickness, etc.) is easily controlled using the representation styles.

Representation styles are stored in a manager. For example, the columns lines' color is changed by modifying the representation style. There is no need to select all columns as they are automatically updated.

Figure 31: Representation styles manager


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Doors and Windows manager

Instead of directly inputting the doors and windows sizes, a door or a window type may be selected directly from the Door and Window libraries included in Advance.

The existing libraries can be modified or supplemented. New libraries can also be created.

Figure 32: Doors and Windows Manager dialog box

Bars and Meshes manager

Advance includes a Bar and a Mesh library for reinforcement. This library can be supplemented and characteristics for each bar and mesh modified.

Figure 33: Bars library


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Multicriteria object selection

This is a powerful tool for sorting and selecting structural elements that enables the user to select the exact objects to modify.

Example: Beams number 101 to 107, having a 20x30 section and made by C25 from level 1 are selected.

Figure 34: “Multicriteria selection” dialog box

Displaying objects by type

Only objects of a specified type (column, wall, etc.) in the structure are displayed.

Figure 35: Displaying objects by type

Automatic Reinforcement Objects

For certain structural objects a reinforcement type is automatically assigned during object creation. These reinforcement styles are entirely customizable.

Figure 36: Automatic Reinforcement Wizards


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Viewer 3D

In Advance, although all reinforcement element are drawn in 2D, they can be materialized in 3D with the 3D viewer.

Using the information from the 2D drawings in the views, the viewer easily recreates the reinforcement cages. It works on bars, meshes and bent meshes. The 3D reinforcement cage can be stored as a drawing and printed.

Figure 37: 3D Viewer

Chapter 3 Using Advance

In this Chapter

■ Basic settings

■ Construct a model

■ Create drawings

■ Create a layout

■ Export the model for calculations

■ Create reinforcement drawings


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Advance by examples

Formwork and Implementation

This example illustrates how to:

Quickly draw a simple building with foundation and two levels

Automatically create a section

Place an associative dimension

Create an A4 layout.

This example has 16 steps and takes about 30 minutes.

Reinforcement

In this exercise, the building model will be used to create a wall reinforcement drawing.

This example has 8 steps.


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Formwork and Implementation

Basic settings

Start Advance. Configure the Project properties as described below.

Instructions Explanations

In the Pilot, right-click Project and select Properties from the context menu.

Enter Project Exercise for the project name.

Click OK to validate.

In the Pilot, right-click Project and select Project Settings from the context menu. The Project Settings toolbar appears.

On the Project Settings toolbar, click the Units icon.

Click lengths Type and select Centimeter. All the values entered on the smartbar and all the length values for structural objects are in centimeters.

Click Apply.

Warning

In this project, the input values for the drawing length (drawing units) are in meters.


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Construct a model

Step 1: Create continuous walls

The first step consists of drawing foundation walls.


On the Model toolbar, Structural flyout, click Create a wall in the current level.

Activate Ortho mode by pressing F8. Press F8.

Click on the graphic area to define a starting point and input these values:

Move the mouse cursor in the X direction, enter 2 on the command line and press Enter.

Move the mouse cursor in the Y direction, enter 2 and press Enter

Place the mouse cursor in X direction and input 5 and press Enter

Move the mouse cursor in the Y direction, enter 3 and press Enter

Move the mouse cursor in the -X direction and enter 7 and press Enter

Move the mouse cursor in the -Y direction, enter 5 and press Enter

Press Esc to end.


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Step 2: Draw a straight wall and a curved wall

This step explains how to draw a sloped wall and a circular wall:


On the Model toolbar, Structural flyout, click on the Create a wall in the current level icon.

Activate object snap with the F3 key and select Endpoint and Midpoint for the Object Snap modes.

Press F3.

To draw a sloped wall, click the middle of the two lower right walls.

To draw a circular wall:

Click Create a wall in the current level.


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On the Tools toolbar, click Activate AutoUCS.

Click the upper corner of the wall to place AutoUCS origin.

On the command line, enter the values: 1,0.

Press Enter.

>>Target point or X, Y coordinates: 1,0

On the command line type CE (Center) and press Enter.

Click the middle of the left vertical wall.

Click the vertical wall to end the circular wall as shown in the figure.

The drawing should look similar to the upper drawing.

Step 3: Adjust the walls

This step illustrates how to trim the walls.


On the AutoCAD® Modify toolbar, select the Trim command.

Click on the 3 parts of the wall to be removed.

Note: The AutoCAD® Chamfer command works on Advance entities and could have been used instead of the Trim command. You could have used it here.


1

2

3


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Step 4: Creating columns

This step explains how to position columns.


On the Model toolbar, Structural flyout, select Create a column in the current level.

On the Smartbar enter C20 to draw a column with a square-shaped section and 20 cm sides.

Press Enter.

Select the central snap point from the drop-down list on the column properties smartbar.

To position the first column inside the angle formed with the sloped wall, press the CTRL key and right-click. Select Apparent Intersect, from the context menu.

Click the first wall and then on the second wall of the angle. On the command line, enter 0 for the column direction and press Enter.

First alignment wall:

Second alignment wall:


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The first column is now positioned. To create a copy 2 m in the –Y axis direction, use the AutoCAD® standard copy function.

For this, use AutoCAD® standard copy function.

Click Copy.

Select the column and press Enter. Select the column again as the base point.

Enter @0,-2 on the command line to copy the column 2 m away.

Using the same process, copy the second column 5 m in the –X direction.


Step 5: Create the beams and slabs

This step demonstrates how to draw beams and position slabs.

Instructions Description

On the Model toolbar, Structural flyout, select the Create a beam in the current level icon.


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Instructions Description

Draw the three beams by connecting the wall reference axes and the center of the columns as shown in the figure.

On the Model toolbar, Structural flyout, select Create a slab in the current level.

Enter D (Detection) on the command line and press Enter. D then press Enter

Click on the three areas (as shown in the figure) to create the slabs. The slabs are automatically created by boundary detection.

Press Esc to finish.

1

2

3


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Step 6: Create a door and a window

The purpose of this step is to create a door and a window opening.


On the Model toolbar, Openings flyout, click Create a door.

Click the right side wall.

In the Smartbar, select the door type: LD 90x218 C7 J1.

Click the middle of the wall to place the door.

Next, click inside the building to define the door opening direction.

On the Model toolbar, Openings flyout, click Create a window.

On the Smartbar, select the window type LD 130x135 C90.

Click the upper wall and place the window in the middle.


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Step 7: Use the AutoUCS tool to position a slab hole

The purpose of this step is to create an opening in a slab.


On the Model toolbar, Openings flyout select Create a slab opening.

Click the biggest slab. The opening symbol appears.

On the Tools toolbar, click Activate AutoUCS.

Click the upper left corner of the slab to place the AutoUCS origin.

On the command line, enter: 1,1.

Press Enter to validate.

>>Target point or X, Y coordinates: 1, 1

Enter 0 for the rotation angle and then press Enter.



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Step 8: Automatically create the second level


On the Level toolbar, click Copy the elements of the current level to the superior level.

Press Enter to validate.

N

Double-click Building in the Pilot.

The two levels of the 3D building are displayed.

On the AutoCAD® Visual Styles toolbar, click Realistic Visual Styles to view the building.

On the AutoCAD® Visual Styles toolbar, click 2D Wireframe to return to wireframe mode.


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Step 9: Generate foundations

The purpose of this step is to automatically generate the foundation walls and footings for the supporting elements.


On the Model toolbar, Foundation flyout, select Generate automatic slabs.

Select the Automatic determinations of footings option.

Click OK.

The foundations are automatically placed under the first level of the building.


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Step 10: Use the "roof" function to raise a slab

The purpose of this step is to create a roof element starting from an AutoCAD® line and using this element to define a raised surface.


In the Pilot, double-click Level 2(+600 cm).

Before creating the roof, break the beam.

On the Model toolbar, Formwork Functions flyout select trim an element.

Click the beam.

Click the break point and press Enter to finish.

Click the AutoCAD® function Z Axis Rotate UCS to rotate the UCS around the z-axis.

In the plan view, draw an AutoCAD® line as shown in the figure.

This line represents the roof profile.


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On the Model toolbar, Roof and ramp flyout, select Create a roof in the current level.

Click on the previously drawing line.

Click the lower left corner of the first column and then the lower right corner of the second column to define the roof's axis.

The roof is placed.

On the Model toolbar, Roof and ramp flyout, select Bind the roof or ramp elements.

On the command line, type B for Bind and press Enter.

B then press Enter

Click the elements to bind and press Enter.

The selected elements adjust to the surface defined by the roof.

Preview the building in 3D.


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Step 11: Creating stairs

This step explains how to position stairs.


Copy the column at 1.5m in the -y axis direction.

In the Pilot, double-click Level 1(+300.0 cm).


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Copy the lower left column 1.5 m in the –Y axis direction.

On the Model toolbar, Stairs flyout select Create a stair.

In the properties dialog box, set the step number to 16.

Add an upper platform width of 72 cm.

Indentation height and width: 20 cm

Set these values on all the properties tabs. Navigate the tabs using the Previous and Next buttons.

Add a lower platform.

Click the Bottom anchor tab.

Enter the values for the parameters of the bottom anchor:

Height: 12 cm

Width: 28 cm

Tilt width and height: 0 cm

Set these values on all the properties tabs. Navigate the tabs using the Previous and Next buttons.

Click OK.


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Place the stairs by clicking the two points defining the width.

Press Enter to end.

Select the stairs.

Access the properties dialog box by clicking Properties on the Smartbar.

Define an upper level value of 0 relative to the lower level.


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Create drawings

The modeling part of the example is completed. The next part consists of the steps to create and fill the drawings.

Step 12: Creating a cut

This step learns you how to draw an elevation section of the building using the model.


Select Plan view.

On the Model toolbar, Drawings flyout select Create a cut section.

Verify that Ortho mode is activated.

Draw the cutting plane. To define it, draw a vertical line across the building and press Enter.

Move the mouse to define the cut depth. Include the entire left part of the building as shown in the figure.


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Next, calculate the cut:


In the Pilot, click Drawings to enter the Drawings mode.

In the Pilot, Section A-A appears. A red mark indicates that the vi